RU229965U1 - Hybrid flotation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the chemical industry and environmental protection, in particular to a device for wastewater treatment using a method combining electroflotation and pressure flotation, and is intended to extract pollutants from wastewater in various industries. The hybrid flotation unit comprises a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer, middle and small shells connected by a conical base. A scraper mechanism and a screw conveyor for flotation sludge are located in the upper part of the said body. The small shell is equipped with a unit for feeding wastewater for treatment. A mixer and an electrochemical reactor are installed at the base of the small shell, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base in which electrode blocks are located. The electrochemical reactor is also equipped with units for feeding saturated water under the electrode blocks and a unit for discharging sediments from the conical bottom. The flotation unit body is equipped with units for feeding saturated water into the space between the small and middle shells. The space of the said body between the outer and middle shells is equipped with vertical lamellas. At the intersection of the conical base of the flotation device with the small shell, pockets for collecting sediments are located. Technical result: increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment. 1 ill.

Description

AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

The utility model relates to the chemical industry and environmental protection, in particular, to a device for purifying wastewater using a method that combines electroflotation and pressure flotation, and is intended for extracting pollutants from wastewater in various industries.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

A flotation device disclosed in RU 111847 U1, published 27.12.2011, is known from the prior art. The flotation device comprises a housing, a flotation chamber, a flotation sludge chamber, electrode blocks, characterized in that the flotation device housing is provided with an inclined perforated partition, made in the form of an inclined perforated surface, rigidly fixed in the upper part of the housing.

The disadvantage of the known flotation device is high energy consumption during the electroflotation process and the formation of deposits on the electrode blocks, leading to low efficiency of extraction of pollutants from wastewater.

DISCLOSURE OF UTILITY MODEL

The objective of the claimed utility model is to develop a flotation device that ensures high efficiency of physical and chemical wastewater treatment.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is an increase in the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the hybrid flotation unit contains a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer, middle and small shells connected by a conical base, wherein in the upper part of the specified body there is a unit for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer and middle shells, the small shell is equipped with a unit for feeding waste water for treatment, wherein at the base of the small shell there is a mixer, and an electrochemical reactor is installed, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base, equipped with an electrode block and a unit for feeding saturated water under the electrode block, wherein in the upper part of the specified body, above the small and middle shells, there is a scraper mechanism and a screw conveyor.

The electrochemical reactor is equipped with a sediment discharge unit.

An electrochemical reactor contains a block of electrodes consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode.

The vertical cylindrical body of the flotation device is equipped with a unit for feeding saturated water into the space between the small and medium shells.

At the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small shell, there are pockets for collecting sediments.

The space between the outer and middle shells is equipped with vertical slats.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The utility model will be more understandable from a description that is not limiting in nature and is provided with references to the accompanying drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 - The declared flotation device

1 - outer shell, 2 - middle shell, 3 - small shell, 4 - electrochemical reactor, 5 - electrode block, 6 - mixer, 7 - saturated water supply unit under the electrode block, 8 - saturated water supply unit between the middle and small shells, 9 - screw conveyor, 10 - scraper mechanism, 11 - wastewater supply unit, 12 - pocket for collecting sediments, 13 - unit for discharging sediments from pockets, 14 - unit for discharging flotation sludge, 15 - unit for discharging clarified water, 16 - unit for discharging sediments from the electrochemical reactor, 17 - vertical lamellas; 18 - surface of the flotation "mirror"

IMPLEMENTATION OF A UTILITY MODEL

The hybrid flotation unit comprises a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer (1), middle (2) and small (3) shells connected by a conical base, wherein in the upper part of said body there is a unit (15) for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer (1) and middle (2) shells, the small shell (3) is equipped with a unit (11) for feeding waste water for treatment, wherein in the base of the small shell (3) there is a mixer (6), and an electrochemical reactor (4) is installed, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base, equipped with an electrode block (5) and a unit (7) for feeding saturated water under the electrode block (5), wherein in the upper part of said body, above the small (3) and middle (2) shells, there is a scraper mechanism (10) and a screw conveyor (9).

The electrochemical reactor (4) is equipped with a sediment discharge unit (16).

In the electrochemical reactor (4) a block (5) of electrodes is installed, consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode made, for example, of titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium oxide.

The vertical cylindrical body of the flotation device is equipped with a unit (8) for feeding saturated water into the space between the small (3) and medium (2) shells.

At the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small (3) shell, there are pockets (12) for collecting sediments and a sediment discharge unit 13.

The space between the outer (2) and middle (3) shells is equipped with vertical slats (17).

The claimed device operates as follows.

In the electrochemical reactor (4), equipped with a block (5) of electrodes consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode, into the space under the block (5) of electrodes through a saturated water supply unit, made, for example, in the form of a branch pipe with a valve, saturated water is supplied from the saturator in a volume of 10-20% of the volume of the wastewater being purified. When voltage is applied to the electrodes, the process of electrolysis of saturated water occurs, during which electrolytic gases are formed. The volume of produced electrolytic gases is regulated by the voltage applied to the electrode pair. In addition, as a result of decompression of saturated water due to the pressure difference in the saturator (4-7 bar) and the flotation tank (0.1-0.2 bar), air microbubbles are formed, which, rising upward, pass between the electrodes, which ensures the removal of deposits on the electrodes (hardness salts on the cathode, polymer films on the anode), therefore, a decrease in deposits on the electrodes is ensured. In the presence of chloride ions in saturated water, during electrolysis in an electrochemical reactor (item 4), oxidation-reduction reactions occur with the formation of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc., which are capable of additionally disinfecting wastewater and subjecting organic substances contained in it to destructive oxidation.

Pre-treated wastewater, which has undergone preliminary treatment stages (normalization, coagulation and flocculation) through the wastewater feed unit (11), made, for example, in the form of a branch pipe with a shutter, enters the small shell (3) of the vertical cylindrical body of the flotator, where electrolytic gases and air microbubbles enter from the electrochemical reactor (4), located at the base of the small shell (3). As a result of mixing with the aid of the mixer (6) of the pre-treated wastewater containing a flocculant, electrolytic gases and air microbubbles, a dispersed phase is formed in the form of gas-saturated floccules, the density of which is significantly lower than the density of the wastewater. At the top of the conical part of the electrochemical reactor (4) there is a unit (16) for discharging sediments from the electrochemical reactor (4), for example in the form of a valve, which ensures the discharge of heavy mechanical impurities contained in the pre-treated wastewater.

Gas-saturated floccules rise up inside the small shell (3) and then enter the space between the small (3) and medium (2) shells; saturated water from the saturator is fed into the said space through the saturated water supply unit (8) between the medium and small shells (to the base of the medium shell) in a volume of 10-20% of the volume of the liquid being purified. In the space between the small (3) and medium (2) shells, the flotation process occurs with the formation of clarified (relatively clean) waste water and sludge, the layer of which is concentrated on the surface (18) of the flotation "mirror". As a result of decompression of saturated water due to the pressure difference in the saturator (4-7 bar) and the flotator (0.1-0.2 bar), air microbubbles are formed in the specified space, which, rising upward, contribute to the rise of gas-saturated floccules to the surface (18) of the flotator "mirror", on which a sludge layer is formed during the flotation process, and also prevent gas-saturated floccules from entering the space between the middle (2) and outer (1) shells, which ensures an increase in the efficiency of wastewater treatment. At the intersection of the conical base of the flotator with the small shell (3), pockets (12) are organized for collecting heavy contaminants that do not participate in the flotation process and settle on the conical bottom of the flotator, from where they fall into pockets (12) for collecting sediments. The pockets (12) are equipped with a deposit discharge unit (13), for example in the form of a shutter for periodic discharge of deposits (heavy contaminants) from the pockets (12).

The clarified wastewater from the space between the small (3) and middle (2) shells enters the space between the middle (2) and outer (1) shells and then through the unit (15) for discharging clarified water enters the storage tank. The space between the outer (1) and middle (2) shells is equipped with vertical lamellas, which provide a laminar flow of clarified water, which facilitates the separation of suspended substances that did not settle to the bottom of the electrochemical reactor (4) and did not participate in the flotation process between the small (3) and middle (2) shells, which increases the efficiency of purification.

Using the scraper plates of the scraper mechanism (10), located above the small (3) and middle (2) shells, the flotation sludge is collected from the surface (18) of the flotation mirror (18), formed by the middle shell (2) and the liquid level in the flotation tank, and the flotation sludge is discharged into the screw conveyor, which directs the flotation sludge into the storage tank through the discharge unit (14).

The utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a specific embodiment of its implementation. Other embodiments of the utility model may be obvious to specialists, which do not change its essence as disclosed in the present description. Accordingly, the utility model should be considered limited in scope only by the following formula of the utility model.

Claims (2)

1. A hybrid flotation tank comprising a vertical cylindrical body made of outer, middle and small shells connected by a conical base, wherein a scraper mechanism and a screw conveyor for flotation sludge are located in the upper part of said body, the small shell is equipped with a unit for feeding wastewater for processing, wherein a mixer and an electrochemical reactor are installed at the base of the small shell, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base in which electrode blocks are located, the electrochemical reactor is also equipped with units for feeding saturated water under the electrode blocks and a unit for discharging sediments from the conical bottom, wherein said flotation tank body is equipped with units for feeding saturated water into the space between the small and middle shells, the space of said body between the outer and middle shells is equipped with vertical lamellas, wherein pockets for collecting sediments are located at the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small shell. 2. A hybrid flotation device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the electrochemical reactor contains blocks of electrodes consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode.

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