RU2294072C1 - Rotary tiller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: rotary tiller has shaft and knife equipped with cutting edges. Knife is made of inversion-turning type, in the form of integral part manufactured from constructional steel strip. Knife cutting edges are provided along steel strip. Knife is equipped with left-hand and right-hand strips and joined to said strips through channels defined upon bending of strips by an angle of 90 deg toward working surface of knife along bending lines inclined at an angle of 30-60 deg toward cutting edges. Cutting edge of left-hand strip is inclined toward knife working surface at an acute angle, and cutting edge of right-hand strip is inclined at an obtuse angle. Cutting edge of knife is set at an angle of 3-8 deg to generatrix surface of rotary tiller shaft. Free ends of strips are equipped with mounting openings and seat belts.

EFFECT: improved quality of shear, increased efficiency and reduced consumption of power for rotary tillage process.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to agricultural machinery for destroying the turf of non-commodity parts with licorice roots in the mass harvesting of licorice raw materials.

Known tillage cutter containing a vertical shaft and a knife, the cutting edge of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft, in which in order to reduce the energy consumption of the knife has an additional cutting edge, which is located at an angle to the main and parallel to the side from the rotation of the shaft (SU, copyright certificate No. 940665, M.cl ³ A 01 B 33/06. Tillage mill / O.S. Marchenko, VV Bychkov, I. Panov, S. A. Inoekyan, V. E. Khoruzhenko (USSR). - Application No. 2868013 / 30-15; Stated January 10, 1980; Publish. 07.07.1982, Bull. No. 25).

The disadvantages of the described mill with regard to the problem we are solving - the removal of non-commodity parts and Karabam from licorice roots - include the low quality of the cut of licorice roots and high energy costs.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce the cost of manual labor when removing non-commodity parts from licorice roots during mass industrial procurement of licorice.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of the cut, productivity and lower energy consumption of the milling process of the upper layer of wild malt plants.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known tillage cutter containing a shaft and a knife provided with a cutting edge, which is parallel to the axis of rotation, according to the invention, an inverse-reversible knife is provided with a single part from a structural steel strip, equipped with shelves and mated with fillets formed during deformation shelves at an angle of 90 ° towards the knife along the lines of bends, inclined at an angle of 30 ... 60 ° to the cutting edges, made along the strip, while one of the cutting edges of the right shelf it is at an obtuse angle to the knife’s working surface, the same cutting edge of the left shelf is inclined to the knife’s working surface at an acute angle, the cutting edges of the shelves and the knife have a single continuous line, the knife’s cutting edge is set at an angle of 3 ... 8 ° to the forming surface milling cutters; the free ends of the shelves are equipped with landing belts and mounting holes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the cutter shaft and one of the knives installed between its disks, a plan view.

In Fig.2 - section aa in Fig.1, the position of the left shelf of the knife on the disk of the shaft.

Figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1, a section of an inverse reversible knife in its middle part.

In Fig.4 - section bb in Fig.1, the position of the right shelf of the knife on the disk of the shaft.

In Fig.5 is a view of G in Fig.1, the pairing of the shelves of the knife on the fillets and its parallel position with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft.

6, in a axonometric invention a knife with shelves is shown, the front cutting edges of which are inclined at sharp and obtuse angles to the surface of the knife.

7 shows a scan of the left and right shelves of the knife with its cutting edges in the form of parallel continuous lines made on the faces of the steel structural strip.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention is as follows.

The tillage cutter contains a shaft 1 and a knife 3 provided with a cutting edge 2. The knife 3 is parallel to the axis 4 of rotation of the shaft 1. The knife 3 is made by an inverse-reverse single part from a structural steel strip of the brand, for example, 65T steel with a cross section of 8 × 80 mm. Knife 3 is equipped with left and right shelves 5 and 6 and is connected with them by fillets 7 and 8 (see figure 5). Fillet 7 and 8 are formed by the deformation of the shelves 5 and 6 at an angle of 90 ° towards the working surface 9 of the knife 3 along the lines of bends 10 and 11 (see Fig. 7). The bend lines 10 and 11 to the cutting edge 2 of the knife 3 are oriented at an angle η equal to 30 ... 60 °. The knife 3 is provided with an additional cutting edge 12 made along the strip. One of the cutting edges (2) of the right flange 5 is inclined to the surface 9 of the knife 3 at an obtuse angle η. Also, the cutting edge (2) of the left shelf 6 is inclined to the working surface 9 of the knife 3 at an acute angle β (Fig. 7). The sum of the angles η and β is equal to π / 2. Cutting edges 2 and 12 of shelves 5 and 6 and knife 3 have uniform continuous lines and are parallel. The cutting edge 2 (12) of the knife 3 is set at an angle γ equal to 3 ... 8 ° to the forming 13 surface of the mill shaft 1. The free ends of the shelves 5 and 6 are provided with landing strips 14 and 15 and mounting holes 16 and 17.

The knife 3 with its shelves 5 and 6 is placed between the disks 18 and 19 on the shaft 1 and fixed by means of fastening in the holes 20 of the disks 18 and 19. The execution of the knife 3 with the shelves 5 and 6 is reversed-reversible allows it to be rearranged between the disks 18 and 19, while maintaining this value of the angle γ between the generatrix 13 of the surface of the cutter shaft 1 with cutting edges of either 2 or 12. The cutting edges 2 and 12 are formed by sharpening the working surface 9 of the knife 3 at an angle of 15 ... 21 °.

Tillage mill works as follows.

With the translational movement of the cutter V _p and the rotation of the shaft 1 with an angular speed of CO around axis 4, the control edge 2 of the knife 3 and shelves 5 and 6 cut chips from the upper root-containing layer of malt plants to a depth of 3 ... 5 cm. Cutting edges of 2 shelves 5 and 6, a strip of sod 24 cm wide is separated. When the shaft 1 rotates around axis 4, the cutting edge 2 of shelf 6 enters the upper soil layer at an acute angle and cuts into the sod, cutting the stubble and roots of related plants in the licorice association. Due to the continuity of the cutting edge, the knife 3 then smoothly enters the work. The blade of the knife 3 and its cutting edge 2 horizontally cut a layer of soil shavings with licorice. The cut of the formation is completed by cutting edge 2 on the front of shelf 5. Cutting edge 2 of shelf 5 eliminates sagging grass stems and mortorta licorice on the cutting edge of knife 2 3. Thus, the top parts of licorice roots are cut to a depth of 3 ... 5 cm. Cut parts stalks and licorice roots along with crushed soil mulch the top layer of soil. Next, the machine for extraction of licorice roots MDK-1.1 extract the root mass of licorice on the day surface of the strip.

When the occipital chamfer is formed on the cutting edge 2 of the knife 3 and the shelves 5 and 6, the latter is rearranged between the same pair of disks 18 and 19 by 180 ° rotation, orienting the cutting edge 12 in the direction of the cutter movement.

Thus, the specified quality is achieved among the licorice roots when removing Karabash. The latter practically eliminates manual labor when sorting the horse mass of licorice into non-commercial and standard fractions. The geometry of the cutting edges and their location relative to the cutter shaft provide a reduction in energy consumption for its drive.

Claims (2)

1. Tillage cutter containing a shaft and a knife, equipped with a cutting edge, which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft, characterized in that the knife is made inversion-reverse in the form of a single part of a structural steel strip and has shelves mated with the knife fillets formed during deformation shelves at an angle of 90 ° towards the working surface of the knife along the bend lines inclined at an angle of 30 ... 60 ° to the cutting edges made along the strip, while one of the cutting edges of the right shelf is inclined to the surface of the knife under a blunt angle, and the cutting edge of the left shelf is inclined to the working surface of the knife at an acute angle, and the cutting edges of the shelves and knife form a single continuous line, and the cutting edge of the knife is located at an angle of 3 ... 8 ° to the forming surface of the cutter shaft. 2. The cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the free ends of the shelves are equipped with landing belts and mounting holes.

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