RU2287669C2 - Well tool for mounting in well and method for activation of well tool for usage in well shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building and operation of wells, possible use for activation of well tools, in particular, during perforation, during mounting of packers.

SUBSTANCE: well tool contains multiple control blocks, each one of which has microprocessor and initiator, connected to microprocessor; each microprocessor is made with possible realization of two-sided connection to controller via communication line and with possible receipt from controller for activation of appropriate control blocks of a set of appropriate activation commands, each one of which contains a unique identifier, matching a certain control block. Each control block contains a common flexible board, on support surface of which appropriate microprocessor and initiator are mounted. After placing well tool into well shaft, connection between controller and well tool via communication line is set up. Well tool may contain well tool adapters, each one of which contains appropriate control block and explosive substance, which is detonated by appropriate initiator, and one detachable adapter, connected to adapters, and containing same components except explosive substance. Sensors may be connected to microprocessors. Communication line may be a fiber-optic one.

EFFECT: increased safety of well tool activation.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Cross reference to applications related to this application

This application is a partial continuation of US application No. 10/076993, filed February 15, 2002, which is a partial continuation of US application No. 09/997021, filed November 28, 2001, which is a partial continuation of US application No. 09/179507, filed 27 October 1998, which is now US Patent No. 6283227.

This application takes precedence under Section 35 of the United States Code, par. 119 (e) in accordance with provisional application No. 60/498729 for the Firing System for Downhole Devices, filed August 28, 2003.

The contents of each application cited above are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The invention generally relates to the safe activation of downhole tools.

State of the art

In the wellbore, various types of work can be performed. Examples of these works are: a perforating gun to provide perforations, installing packers, opening and closing valves, taking measurements made by sensors, etc. In normal downhole work, the tool is introduced into the wellbore to the required depth, then the tool is driven by some mechanism, for example, hydraulic pressure, electrically, mechanically, etc.

In some cases, the activation (activation) of downhole tools is related to safety issues. Which is especially true for tools that contain explosive devices, such as perforating devices. In order to avoid accidental detonation of explosive devices in these instruments, they are usually delivered to the drilling site without being put into combat position, and they are brought into the combat position at the drilling site. Precautions are also taken at the rig site to prevent premature detonation of explosive devices. Another aspect of safety at the rig site is the use of radio devices, especially radio frequency devices, which can unintentionally trigger certain types of explosive devices. Therefore, radio devices are usually not allowed at the drilling site, as a result of which the well personnel have a limited choice of communication equipment. Another aspect is associated with the use of explosive devices at the drilling site: the presence of stray current voltage, which can cause accidental detonation of explosive devices.

Another aspect of security associated with explosive devices: they can fall into the wrong hands. These explosive devices pose a great danger to persons who do not know how to handle them, or who want to use them with malicious intent to the detriment of others.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method and a downhole tool for installation in a well are objects of the present invention.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a downhole is provided.

tool for installation in the well; while the downhole tool is configured to communicate with the controller via a communication line, while the downhole tool comprises

a plurality of control units, wherein each unit of the plurality of control units has a microprocessor and an initiator associated with the microprocessor;

each microprocessor is configured to make two-way communication with the controller,

while these microprocessors are configured to receive many appropriate activation commands from the controller to activate the respective control units,

each activation command contains a unique identifier corresponding to a particular control unit, each control unit containing a common flexible board on a supporting surface on which a corresponding microprocessor and initiator are installed.

In addition, the flexible board in the downhole tool includes a flexible cable. Moreover, each control unit further comprises a receiver, a transmitter and a multiplier mounted on a flexible board.

In addition, in the downhole tool according to the first aspect of the invention, the initiator comprises at least one of the following devices: an explosive foil initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a heated wire, and a semiconductor bridge.

The downhole tool may also further comprise downhole tool adapters, wherein each downhole tool adapter comprises a corresponding control unit and explosive, wherein the explosive detonates from a respective initiator, and further comprises a disconnect adapter connected to the downhole tool adapters, wherein the disconnect adapter has the same components as at least one of the downhole tool adapters, then so me that otsoedinitelny adapter contains no explosive,

in this case, the detachable adapter ensures that the downhole tool adapters are not brought into a combat position until the activation of the detachable adapter is completed.

In this case, the downhole tool further comprises explosives detonating from the respective initiators.

In addition, the communication line of the downhole tool according to the first aspect of the invention comprises a fiber optic communication line, with each microprocessor connected to the controller via said fiber optic communication line.

In a downhole tool, the initiator is selected from the group consisting of a foil explosive initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a semiconductor bridge, and a heated wire;

each control unit further comprises a switch, each microprocessor interacting with a corresponding switch to ensure isolation of signal transmission over the communication line from the initiator until the microprocessor establishes two-way communication with the controller.

In addition, each microprocessor in the downhole tool is configured to provide coded two-way communication with the controller, and the microprocessor can be configured to perform two-way communication with the controller according to a specific communication protocol.

The downhole tool provides for the inclusion of sensors connected to the respective microprocessors, with each sensor providing information about the environmental conditions of the wellbore.

In addition, each microprocessor is configured to provide information from a corresponding sensor to the controller.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for activating a downhole tool for use in a wellbore, wherein:

place the downhole tool in the wellbore;

the communication line between the controller and the downhole tool,

wherein the downhole tool comprises a plurality of control units, each of the plurality of control units having a microprocessor and an initiator associated with the microprocessor; and

each microprocessor provides two-way communication with the controller,

the controller sends a lot of activation commands to the corresponding microprocessors to activate the corresponding control units, each activation command contains a unique identifier corresponding to a specific control unit, and provide a flexible board in each control unit and install a microprocessor and initiator of each control unit on the supporting surface of the corresponding flexible board.

According to the method, installing the microprocessor and initiator on a flexible board provides for installing the microprocessor and initiator on a flexible cable.

In addition, in this method, the installation of the initiator on a flexible board provides for the installation of at least one explosive initiator made of foil, an explosive jumper wire, a heated wire and a semiconductor bridge on a flexible board.

List of drawings

Figure 1 is a block diagram of an example layout of a surface installation and a downhole tool, which relate to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control unit used in the downhole tool shown in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 - integrated control unit according to a variant implementation of the present invention.

4 is a flowchart of a method for activating a downhole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of a preferred embodiment of the invention

The following description sets forth details for explaining the present invention. But it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without these details and that many changes or modifications to the described embodiments of the invention are possible.

The terms “top” and “bottom”, “upper” and “lower”, “up” and “down”; "before after"; “Above” and “below” and other similar terms indicating the relative position above or below a given point or element are used in this description to explain some embodiments of the invention. But in relation to equipment and methods used in deviated or horizontal wells, these terms can mean “left to right,” “right to left,” or other appropriate relationship.

Turning to FIG. 1: a system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a ground unit 16 connected by a cable 14 (for example, a wire line) to a tool 11. Cable 14 contains one or more electrical wires. According to another embodiment:

cable 14 may contain fiber optic lines either in place of electrical wires or in addition to them. Cable 14 delivers tool 11 to wellbore 12.

According to the example shown in FIG. 1: tool 11 is a tool used in a well. For example, tool 11 may be a hammer drill or other tool containing explosive devices, such as pipe cutters, etc. According to other embodiments: other types of tools may be used to perform other types of work in the well. For example, these other types of tools are tools for installing packers, opening or closing valves, for logging, for taking measurements, for taking core samples, etc.

In the example of FIG. 1: tool 11 comprises an adapter 10A and adapter 10B, 10C, 10D of downhole tools. Although three downhole tool adapters 10B, 10C and 10D are shown in FIG. 1, in other embodiments, a different number of downhole tool adapters may be used. The adapter 10A has a control unit 18A; and downhole tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D include control units 18B, 18C, 18D, respectively. Each of the downhole tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D may be a firing hammer drill according to an exemplary embodiment. Or, the downhole tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D may be other types of devices containing explosive devices.

The control units 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D are connected to the switches 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D, respectively, and 28A, 28B, 28C, 28D, respectively. The switches 28A-28D are cable switches that are controlled by the control units 18A-18D, respectively, between the on and off positions to start and stop the electric current in parts of the cable 14. When the switch 28 is in the off position (called also “open”), the part of the cable 14 under the switch 24 is isolated from the part of the cable 14 above the switch 24. The switches 24A-24D are initiator switches.

Although the described embodiments mainly mention electrical switches, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the electrical switches can be replaced by optical switches.

In the disconnect adapter 10A, the initiator switch 24 is not connected to the detonating device or initiator. But in the downhole tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D, the initiator switches 24V, 24C, 24D are connected to the corresponding detonating devices or initiators 26. If the initiator switch 24 is set to the “on” position (also called the “closed” position), then this switch passes the electric current to the connected detonator or initiator 26 to actuate the detonating device. Detonating devices or initiators 26 are ballistically connected with explosive devices, such as a cumulative charge or other explosive substances, for perforation or other work in the well. In the description below, the terms “detonating device” and “initiator” are used interchangeably.

As indicated above, the isolation adapter 10A provides a convenient mechanism for connecting the tool 11 to the cable 14. The reason for this is that the isolation adapter 10A does not contain a detonating device 26 or other explosive, and is therefore safe. The switch 28A of the disconnect adapter 10A is initially in the open position, and therefore, all firing hammer drills of the tool 11 are electrically isolated from the cable 14 by the disconnect adapter 10A. Due to this feature, putting the tool 11 into a combat position by electric means does not occur until the tool 11 is located in the well and the switch 28A is closed. From the point of view of electrical engineering, the disconnect adapter 10A can provide electrical insulation to prevent the tool 11 from being brought into a combat position.

Another characteristic provided by the 10A disconnect adapter is that the downhole tool adapters 10 V, 10C, 10D (such as firing perforators) can be brought into the firing position in advance (by connecting each detonating device 26) during transportation or other work performed with the tool 11. Although the tool 11 is transported, being ballistic not in the combat position, the open switch 28A of the disconnect adapter 10A electrically isolates the adapters 10B, 10C, 10D the instrument from the activation signal during transportation or other work performed with them.

The adapter 10A differs from the tool tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D in that the adapter 10A does not contain explosive devices that are present in the tool tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D. The disconnect adapter 10A is therefore essentially a “blank assembly”. A blank assembly is an adapter that is the same as other downhole tool adapters, but does not contain explosives.

The adapter 10A is used for one of several purposes, including providing a quick connection of the tool 11 with the cable 14. In addition, the adapter 10A provides the ability to bring the tool 11 into the fighting position in the well, and not on the surface. Since the adapter 10A does not contain explosive devices, it provides insulation (electrical) between the cable 14 and the tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D, and therefore, the activation (by electricity) of the tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D is not possible until the adapter 10A is disconnected will be activated to close the electrical connection.

The detachable adapter 10A essentially isolates the “signal transmission” through cable 14 from the tool tool adapters 10B, 10C, 10D until the detachable adapter 10A is activated. The term "signal transmission" refers to power and / or control signals (electrical) via cable 14.

According to some embodiments of the present invention: the control units 18A-18D are configured to communicate via cable 14 with a controller 17 in the ground unit 16. For example, the controller 17 may be a computer or other control module.

Each control unit 18A-18D has a microprocessor, which provides two-way communication with the controller 17 in the ground unit 16. The microprocessor (in combination with another isolation circuit in each control unit 18) provides isolation of the transmission of signals (power and / or control signals) via cable 14 from a detonating device 26 related to the control unit 18. Before transmitting the signals (electrically) via cable 14 to detonating device 26, the microprocessor must first establish two-way communication with the controller 17 in the ground unit 16.

Two-way communication may be a coded communication in which messages are encoded by a predetermined coding algorithm. Message encoding between the ground controller 17 and the microprocessors in the control units provides another level of protection to prevent accidental activation of explosive devices.

The microprocessor 100 can also be programmed to receive only signals of a certain communication protocol, for example, by signals that do not correspond to this communication protocol, the microprocessor 100 will not give an activation command for the detonating device 26.

Also, according to some other embodiments, a microprocessor has a unique identifier in each control unit. In one embodiment, the unique identifier is pre-programmed before the tool is placed in the wellbore 12. Pre-programming involves writing a unique identifier to non-volatile memory, access to which has a microprocessor. Non-volatile memory can be executed either in the microprocessor itself, or it can be external to the microprocessor. Pre-programming of microprocessors using special identifiers provides the advantage of eliminating the need for programming after installing the tool 11 in the wellbore 12.

According to another embodiment: identifiers can be dynamically assigned to microprocessors. For example, after placing the tool 11 in the wellbore 12: the ground controller 12 can send assignment messages via cable 14 to the control units for recording special identifiers in memory cells accessed by microprocessors.

Figure 2 shows the adapter in more detail. It should be noted that the adapter 10 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a detonating device 26; therefore, the adapter 10 shown in FIG. 2 is one of the adapters 10B, 10C, 10D of the downhole tool. But if the adapter 10 is a detachable adapter, then the detonating device 26 will either be excluded or replaced with an idle device (without explosive).

The control unit 18 comprises a microprocessor 100 (mentioned above), a transmitter 104, and a receiver 102. Power is supplied to the control unit 18 by a power supply unit 106. The power supply unit 106 outputs power voltages to various components of the control unit 18. Cable 14 (Figure 1) is made of two wires 108A, 108B. Wire 108A is connected to cable switch 28. According to another embodiment: the power supply unit 106 can be omitted and power is supplied from the surface.

When transmitting: the transmitter 104 modulates the signals through a 108 V wire to send the desired messages to the surface of the well or to another component. A receiver 102 also receives signals over a 108B wire.

The microprocessor 100 may be a general-purpose device, a programmable microprocessor on an integrated circuit, a specialized integrated circuit, a programmable gate array, or other similar control device. As indicated above, the microprocessor 100 has a unique identifier and is indicated by it, for example: address, numeric identifier, etc. The use of these identifiers allows you to send commands to the microprocessor 100 in a specific control unit 18, selected from among the plurality of control units 18. Thus, selective action of one selected control unit 18 is possible.

A receiver 102 receives signals from terrestrial components, the signals may be frequency-shift keying (FSK) signals. Received signals are sent to microprocessor 100 for processing. Receiver 100 may, in one embodiment, have a capacitor coupled to cable wire 108B of cable 14. Before directing the received signal to microprocessor 100, receiver 102 may translate the signal to transistor transistor logic (TTL) output or another appropriate output signal that the microprocessor can recognize. one hundred.

Transmitter 100 transmits signals generated by microprocessor 100 to terrestrial components. These signals may, for example, be in the form of current pulses (for example, 10 mA current pulses). A receiver 102 and a transmitter 104 enable two-way communication between the surface and the downhole components.

The initiator switch 24 shown in FIG. 1 can be connected to a multiplier 110 according to FIG. 2. The initiator switch 24 according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is designed as a field effect transistor (PT). The PT 24 gate is connected to the output of the microprocessor 100. When the PT 23 gate is raised, the PT 24 supplies the input voltage Vin to the multiplier 110 to a low state to turn off the multiplier 110. Or, when the PT 24 shutter is down, the input voltage Vin will not be obstructed, and the multiplier can act. A resistor or resistors 112 are connected between Vin and an electric wire 108B of cable 14. According to another embodiment: instead of the PT, other types of switching devices for switch 24 can be used.

Multiplier 110 pumps charges: it takes the input voltage Vin and increases it usually by pulsing the received voltage into a phased multiplier. The increased voltage is used by the initiator 26. According to one of the embodiments: the multiplier 24 contains diodes and capacitors. The circuit uses cascading elements to increase voltage. The voltage, for example, can be increased four times compared with the value of the input voltage.

Initially, before activation, the input voltage Vin to the multiplier 24 is grounded by the switch 24, as a result of which the voltage cannot pass through the multiplier 110. To actuate the multiplier 110, the microprocessor 100 sends an activation signal to the switch 24 to change the state of the switch 24 from the “on” state to the off state, as a result of which the multiplier can process the voltage Vin. According to other embodiments: a multiplier 110 may not be used if a sufficient level of stress is provided from the surface of the well.

The initiator 26 accumulates energy from the voltage generated by the multiplier 110. This energy can be accumulated and stored, for example, in a capacitor, although other energy sources can be used in accordance with other embodiments. In one embodiment: this capacitor is part of a capacitor discharge device that quickly delivers stored energy to an ignition source. The ignition source may be an explosive foil initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a semiconductor bridge, or a “heated wire”. The ignition source is part of the initiator 26. But in another embodiment, the ignition source may be part of a separate element. In the case of using an explosive initiator made of foil: a fast electric discharge quickly turns the bridge into a plasma and forms a gas with high pressure, as a result of which the “bond” (for example, a plastic bond) accelerates and collides with the secondary explosive 116 to initiate its detonation.

The adapter 10 also has a sensor 11 (or a set of sensors) that is connected (electrically or optically) to the microprocessor 100. The sensor (s) measures such information about the conditions of the wellbore and information about the downhole tool as pressure, temperature, inclination downhole tool adapter, etc. Information about the conditions of the wellbore or information about the wellbore is reported by the microprocessor 100 via cable 14 to the ground controller 17. Due to this, the ground controller 17 or the well operator can decide the relative but activating the downhole tool adapter. For example, if the conditions of the wellbore do not have the proper pressure or temperature, or if the downhole tool does not have the required slope or other position, then the ground controller 17 or the well operator may decide not to activate the downhole tool adapter.

The control unit 18 also comprises a resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit providing radio frequency protection. The RC circuit also turns off the capacitor component to enable low power (e.g., low level signal). In addition, the possibility of low-power communication is ensured by embedding the components of the control unit 18 in the overall support structure to reduce the dimensions of the node. The smaller layout provides the ability to work with low power and also safer transportation and operation.

Figure 3 shows the integration of the various components of the control unit 18, the multiplier 110 and the initiator 26. The components are mounted on a common supporting structure 210, which can be made in the form of a flexible cable or in the form of another type of flexible circuit. Or, the common supporting structure 210 may be a substrate, for example, a semiconductor substrate, a ceramic substrate, etc. Or, the supporting structure 210 may be a flexible board, such as a printed circuit board. The advantage of mounting components on a supporting structure 210 is that a smaller than usually possible assembly can be obtained.

A microprocessor 110, a receiver 102, a transmitter 104, and a power supply 106 can be mounted on the surface 212 of the supporting structure 210 (flexible board). Electrical connections (not shown) extend along a common supporting structure 210 for connecting various components. According to an optical embodiment: optical communication lines may be provided on or in the supporting structure 210.

The multiplier 110 is also mounted on the surface 212 of the supporting structure 210. Also, the components of the initiator 26 are provided on the supporting structure. According to the image: the initiator 26 contains a capacitor 200 (which can be charged with the increased voltage provided by the multiplier 110), a switch 204 (which can be made as a PT) and explosive foil initiator 202. The capacitor 200 is connected to the output of the multiplier 110, and therefore, the multiplier 110 can charge the capacitor 200 to an increased voltage. The switch 204 can be powered by microprocessor 100 so that the charge from the capacitor 200 enters the explosive foil initiator 202. Energy passes through a section of reduced width in the blast initiator 202 from the foil, as a result of which the ligament plate leaves the blast initiator 202 from the foil. The secondary explosive 116 (FIG. 2) can be positioned close to the foil blast initiator 202 so that a ligament plate hits it, thereby causing detonation. The secondary explosive can be ballistically bonded to another explosive, such as a cumulative charge, or to another explosive device.

FIG. 4 shows a procedure for detonating a downhole tool adapter 10C (in the sequence of adapters shown in FIG. 1). First, the ground controller 17 directs (302) the “driving power” (e.g., 60 V DC) to the uppermost adapter (in this case, the disconnect adapter 10A). The disconnect adapter 10A receives power and responds to this (304) by coming to a predetermined state (for example, state No. 1) after a certain delay (for example, 100 milliseconds).

The ground controller 17 then sends (306) the W / L ON command (with a specific identifier relating to the microprocessor of the adapter 10A) to the adapter 10A, whereby the microprocessor 100 in the adapter 10A includes a cable switch 28A (FIG. 1). The “excitation” power over cable 14 is now received by the second adapter 10 V of the downhole tool. The adapter 10 V of the downhole tool receives power and responds (308) by accepting state No. 1 after a certain delay.

When responding to status message 1 from the 10 V adapter of the downhole tool, the ground controller 17 then sends (310) a W / L ON command (with a specific identifier relating to the microprocessor of the 10 V adapter of the downhole tool) to the 10 V adapter of the downhole tool. The “excitation” power is now received by the second downhole tool adapter 10C. The second downhole tool adapter 10C responds (312) by sending a status message No. 1 to the ground controller 17. In response to this, the ground controller 17 sends (314) COMMANDS to the BATTLE POSITION and turn ON the downhole tool adapter 10C. The COMMAND and ENABLE commands contain a special identifier related to the microprocessor of the downhole tool adapter 10C. By the commands LEAD IN BATTLE POSITION and ON, the control unit 18C is brought into a combat position by actuating the corresponding switches (for example, turning off the initiator switch 24C). According to other options for implementation: instead of individual commands, COME TO BATTLE POSITION and ON can be issued one command.

The ground controller 17 then raises (316) the DC voltage in cable 14 to a blast level (e.g. 120-350 V DC). An increase in DC voltage should occur within a predetermined period (for example, 30 seconds), according to one embodiment.

According to the foregoing procedure, the second downhole tool adapter 10C may also provide information to the ground controller 17 about conditions or the downhole tool in addition to status message No. 1. Then the ground controller 17 will be able to use information about the conditions or about the downhole tool to make a decision regarding the issuance of COMMANDS TO COMBAT POSITION commands and turn them on.

A similar procedure is repeated to activate other downhole tool adapters. According to this embodiment, the ground controller 17 sends separate commands to activate multiple downhole tool adapters.

Although the present invention has been disclosed with respect to a limited number of implementations, those skilled in the art in carrying out the present invention will appreciate its many modifications and variations. It is intended that the appended claims include these modifications and changes that are within the scope of the invention and are consistent with its concept.

Claims (16)

1. Downhole tool for installation in the well; wherein the downhole tool is configured to communicate with the controller via a communication line, wherein the downhole tool comprises a plurality of control units, wherein each of the plurality of control units has a microprocessor and an initiator associated with the microprocessor; each microprocessor is capable of two-way communication with the controller, while these microprocessors are configured to receive a plurality of corresponding activation commands from the controller to activate the respective control units, each activation command containing a unique identifier corresponding to a particular control unit, each control unit comprising general flexible board, on the supporting surface of which the corresponding microprocessor and ator. 2. The downhole tool of claim 1, wherein the flexible circuit pack comprises a flexible cable. 3. The downhole tool according to claim 1, in which each control unit further comprises a receiver, transmitter and multiplier mounted on a flexible board. 4. The downhole tool according to claim 1, in which the initiator contains at least one of the following devices: an explosive foil initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a heated wire and a semiconductor bridge. 5. The downhole tool of claim 1, further comprising downhole tool adapters, each downhole tool adapter comprising a corresponding control unit and explosive, wherein the explosive detonates from a corresponding initiator. 6. The downhole tool of claim 5, further comprising a disconnect adapter coupled to the downhole tool adapters, wherein the disconnect adapter has the same components as at least one of the downhole tool adapters, except that the disconnect adapter does not contains an explosive substance, while the detachable adapter ensures that the downhole tool adapters are not brought into a combat position until activation of the detachable transition is completed odnika. 7. The downhole tool of claim 1, further comprising explosives detonating from the respective initiators. 8. The downhole tool of claim 1, wherein the communication line comprises a fiber optic communication line, wherein each microprocessor is coupled to a controller via said fiber optic communication line. 9. The downhole tool of claim 1, wherein the initiator is selected from the group consisting of an explosive foil initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a semiconductor bridge, and a heated wire; each control unit further comprises a switch, each microprocessor interacting with a corresponding switch, to ensure isolation of signal transmission over the communication line from the initiator until the microprocessor establishes two-way communication with the controller. 10. The downhole tool according to claim 1, in which each microprocessor is configured to implement coded two-way communication with the controller. 11. The downhole tool according to claim 1, in which the microprocessor is configured to perform two-way communication with the controller according to a specific communication protocol. 12. The downhole tool of claim 1, further comprising sensors connected to respective microprocessors, each sensor providing information about environmental conditions of the wellbore. 13. The downhole tool of claim 12, wherein each microprocessor is configured to provide information from a corresponding sensor to a controller. 14. A method of activating a downhole tool for use in a wellbore, according to which a downhole tool is placed in a wellbore; a communication link is made between the controller and the downhole tool, the downhole tool comprising a plurality of control units, each of the plurality of control units having a microprocessor and an initiator associated with the microprocessor; and each microprocessor carries out two-way communication with the controller, while the controller sends many activation commands to the corresponding microprocessors to activate the respective control units, each activation command contains a unique identifier corresponding to a specific control unit, and provide a flexible board in each control unit, and install the microprocessor and initiator of each control unit on the supporting surface of the corresponding flexible board. 15. The method according to 14, in which the installation of the microprocessor and initiator on a flexible board provides for installing the microprocessor and initiator on a flexible cable. 16. The method according to clause 15, in which the installation of the initiator on a flexible board provides for the installation of at least one of the initiators: an explosive foil initiator, an explosive jumper wire, a heated wire and a semiconductor bridge on a flexible board.

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