RU228586U1 - Traction table - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, in particular to a traction table. The traction table includes sections for stretching the upper limbs, each of which includes an upper limb traction drive connected to the upper limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable part of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, and sections for stretching the lower limbs, each of which includes a lower limb traction drive connected to the lower limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable part of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, wherein each section is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder, its base attached to the corresponding console, the retractable rod of which is fixed on the drive bracket rigidly fixed to the drive base, wherein an upper limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the upper limb traction drive, including a fixed bracket connected to an axial rotator via a bearing configured to rotate the upper limb, and with A lower limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the lower limb traction drive, including a fixed bracket connected to an axial rotator via a bearing, designed with the possibility of driving the lower limb into rotation. The technical result of the claimed technical solution consists in increasing the efficiency of the traction table for traction therapy.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, in particular to a traction table, and can be used for the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of diseases of the spine, musculoskeletal system and associated pathologies.

The prior art discloses a device for performing traction, comprising a fixed part for accommodating the head and torso and a movable part for the lower limbs, mounted on a single support frame, on which guides are mounted for moving the movable part, as well as means for creating a load, connected to the movable part (Patent in the Russian Federation No. 46657, published on 27.07.2005).

A traction therapy table is known, comprising a base, a working surface consisting of chest and pelvic sections, and a mechanism for changing the position of the working surface. The chest part of the working surface is equipped with a lifting platform, while vertical screw posts are fixed along the sides of the chest part of the table's working surface, a loading element is placed on the free ends of the vertical posts, made in the form of a wedge, the top of which is oriented toward the lifting platform (Patent in the Russian Federation No. 2299056, published on 20.05.2007).

A traction unit is known, including a frame with a mechanism for traction of the spine fixed in it, a panel for the head and a panel for the shins, and support surfaces for the patient's body. The mechanism for traction of the spine is a multi-section hinged-lever mechanism in the form of Nuremberg scissors, consisting of hingedly connected links, made with the possibility of extension/sliding along the frame. The support surfaces for the patient's body are connected to the mechanism for traction of the spine by means of vertical supports mounted on the hinge axes of the mechanism for traction of the spine and made with the possibility of movement of the support surfaces for the patient's body in the vertical plane. The head panel or the leg panel is fixed to the frame or to a platform connected to the axis of one of the hinges of the spinal traction mechanism with the ability to move in a horizontal plane along the surface of the frame using rollers mounted on the axles on the platform (Patent in the Russian Federation No. 2,459,599, published on 27.08.2012).

The technical result of the claimed technical solution consists in increasing the efficiency of the traction table for traction therapy.

Increased efficiency is achieved, in particular, due to the possibility of maximum extension of the limbs along the longitudinal axis together with their rotation.

The claimed technical result is achieved in that the traction table includes sections for stretching the upper limbs, each of which includes an upper limb traction drive connected to the upper limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable part of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, and sections for stretching the lower limbs, each of which includes a lower limb traction drive connected to the lower limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable part of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, wherein each section is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder, its base attached to the corresponding console, the retractable rod of which is fixed on the bracket of the traction drive, rigidly fixed to the drive base, wherein an upper limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the upper limb traction drive, including a fixed bracket connected to the axial rotator through a bearing made with the possibility of bringing the upper limb into rotation, and a lower limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the traction drive of the lower limb, including a fixed bracket connected to the axial rotator through a bearing, designed with the possibility of bringing the lower limb into rotation.

In the context of the stated technical solution, the horizontal plane should be understood as the plane on which the patient rests with his back while lying on the traction table. The horizontal plane is parallel to the plane on which the traction table rests (floor surface) in the working position.

The longitudinal axis of the spine is the line that runs in the horizontal plane along which the patient's spine is located, in the supine position on the stated traction table. For a specialist in the level of technology, the presence of a fixed section for placing the patient's torso and head is obvious.

The vertical plane should be understood as a plane perpendicular to the parallel plane and passing through the longitudinal axis of the spine.

The longitudinal axis of a limb is understood to be the line in the direction from the shoulder joint to the joint of the first phalanx of the middle finger with the arm fully extended and straightened in the context of the upper limb; from the hip joint to the ankle joint with the leg fully extended and straightened in the context of the lower limb. Consequently, by virtue of the proposed design, the vector of traction action on each limb is collinear to the longitudinal axis of the limb it acts on.

Traction drives of the upper and lower extremities are necessary for the implementation of traction action on the patient's spine and the joints of his extremities by applying independent traction forces to each extremity. The upper extremity retainer, attached to the end of the base of the traction drive of the upper extremity, and the lower extremity retainer, attached to the end of the base of the traction drive of the lower extremity, ensure the transmission of traction force from the drives directly to the corresponding extremities, ensuring the effectiveness of traction therapy, and, consequently, the claimed traction table.

Telescopic retractable guides connecting traction drives with corresponding consoles, the retractable parts of which are rigidly attached to the bases of the corresponding drives, ensure smooth movement of the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the corresponding limb when applying traction force in the direction of the vector of the applied traction force, facilitating gradual stretching of the limbs, which is fundamental to the effectiveness of traction therapy due to the possibility of achieving maximum extension without accompanying pain.

A pneumatic cylinder installed in each of the sections, attached by its base to the corresponding console, the retractable rod of which is fixed, preferably by a threaded connection, to the drive bracket rigidly fixed to the drive base, is necessary for transmitting the traction force to the corresponding traction drive.

Each limb console, on which the corresponding limb of the patient is located, in combination with the traction drive forms a limb section of the traction table. The design of the consoles can be different, they can be fixed or have the ability to be positioned in space within the limits specified by the design of the traction table.

The claimed technical solution is further explained using figures, which show a preferred embodiment of the claimed traction table.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the traction table.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the upper limb section, with Fig. 3 showing section A-A, Fig. 4 showing local view B, Fig. 5 showing section B-B, and Fig. 6 showing section G-G of the upper limb section.

Fig. 7 shows a side view of the lower limb section, Fig. 8 shows a local view D, Fig. 9 shows a section E-E, Fig. 10 shows a section G-G.

The following elements are designated by numbers:

section (1) for stretching the upper limb;

traction drive (3) of the upper limb;

console (4) of the upper limb;

telescopic sliding guides (5);

section (2) for stretching the lower limb;

traction drive (6) of the lower limb;

console (7) of the lower limb;

pneumatic cylinder (8);

brackets (9) of traction drives (pneumatic cylinder rod);

fixed bracket (10) of the upper limb fixator;

axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator;

bearing (12);

fixed bracket (13) of the lower limb fixator;

axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator;

longitudinal axis (15) of the crossbar of the axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator;

sensors (16) for the position of axial rotators;

fixed cross beam (17);

controllers (18) of stepper motors (20);

foot retainer (19);

toothed belt (21);

toothed pulley (22) of stepper motor (20);

electromechanical drive (23), (24).

Below, with references to figures, is a preferred embodiment of the traction table.

The traction table includes sections (1) for stretching the upper limbs, each of which includes a traction drive (3) of the upper limb, connected to the console (4) of the upper limb by means of telescopic retractable guides (5) for moving the traction drive (3) along the longitudinal axis of the limb.

The retractable part of the retractable guides (5) of the section (1) for stretching the upper limb is rigidly attached to the base of the drive (3).

The traction table also includes sections (2) for stretching the lower limbs, each of which includes a traction drive (6) of the lower limb, connected to the console (7) of the lower limb by means of telescopic retractable guides (5) for moving the traction drive (6) along the longitudinal axis of the limb. The retractable part of the retractable guides (5) of the section (2) for stretching the lower limbs is rigidly attached to the base of the traction drive (6), wherein each section is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder (8), its base attached to the corresponding console ((4)/(7)), the retractable rod of which is fixed on the bracket (9) of the corresponding drive ((3)/(6)), rigidly fixed to the base of the drive.

Attached to the end of the base of the traction drive (3) of the upper limb is a retainer of the upper limb, including a fixed bracket (10) connected to an axial rotator (11) of the retainer of the upper limb through a bearing (12), designed with the possibility of causing rotation of the upper limb around the longitudinal axis of the limb.

A lower limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the traction drive (6) of the lower limb, including a fixed bracket (13) connected to an axial rotator (14) via a bearing (12), designed with the possibility of causing the lower limb to rotate.

In a preferred embodiment, a cushion made of plywood covered with fabric with a foam rubber layer is attached to the top of each traction drive (3), (6) using threaded connections to increase the convenience of performing therapy during stretching and rotation of the limbs.

In a particular case, the axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator includes a crossbar, the longitudinal axis (15) of which is parallel to the horizontal plane in the zero position of the rotator (11), (in Fig. 3, 4 the rotator (11) is offset relative to the horizontal plane. Preferably, the axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator is connected to a sensor (16) of the position of the axial rotator (11), connected to a controller (18) of the stepper motor (20), connected to a bracket (10), fixed on the base of the traction drive (3) of the upper limb, and the axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator is connected to a sensor (16) of the position of the axial rotator (14), connected to a controller (18) of the stepper motor (20), connected to a bracket (13), fixed on the base of the traction drive (6) of the lower limb.

The position sensor (16) in the claimed design tracks only the zero position when fixing a certain position of the "marker" (for example, a magnetic mark) located on each axial rotator, which is located in such a way that in the zero position of each axial rotator the "marker" is exactly above the sensor (16), while the sensor (16) fixes the zero position. The rotation is controlled by the controller (18). Thus, the rotator (11) and (14) can be rotated by a given angle (within ±90°, knowing its zero position and sending a command to the stepper motor to perform the required number of steps in one direction or another. In this case, knowing how many steps the motor was rotated, we know the current angle of rotation of the axial rotator.

In a particular case, the traction table includes a foot retainer (19) attached to an axial rotator (14) of the lower limb retainer.

In a particular case, the positioning of the console (4) of the upper limb in the angles of the projection of its spatial position on the horizontal plane (position in the horizontal plane) can be ensured by means of a linear electromechanical drive (23), fixed with its base on a fixed cross beam (17) of the base of the traction table structure. The retractable rod of the electromechanical drive is fixed on the rotary bracket of the console (4). The rotation of the console (4) in the horizontal plane is carried out around an axis that fixes the rotary bracket of the console with the fixed bracket of the base of the traction table during the extension/retraction of the rod of the linear electromechanical drive (23).

In a particular case, the positioning of the console (4) of the upper limb in the angles of the projection of its spatial position on the vertical plane (position in the vertical plane) can be ensured by means of a linear electromechanical drive (24), fixed with its base on the rotary bracket of the console, and the retractable rod is fixed directly on the bracket of the limb console. The rotation of the console (4) in the vertical plane is carried out around the axis, which fixes the rotary bracket of the console and the console (4) itself between themselves, when the rod of the linear electromechanical drive (24) is extended/retracted.

Positioning of the consoles (7) of the lower limbs can be carried out in a similar manner. Control of the console positioning drives in the vertical and horizontal planes can be carried out by means of the main controller.

The preferred use of the claimed traction table is presented below.

When control pressure is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder (8), its rod extends, transmitting a force directly proportional to the pressure in the pneumatic cylinder (8) to the traction drive (3 and 6) through the bracket (9) secured to the traction drive. The movement of the traction drive (3 and 6) relative to the console (4 and 7) on which it is installed is carried out using telescopic extendable guides (5), by means of which the traction drive (3 and 6) is secured to the limb console.

Traction force is applied to the hand and along the path: wrist joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint, through joint connections, as well as tendons and muscles (muscle chains) is transmitted to the upper spine, and traction force applied to the ankle along the path: ankle joint, knee joint, hip joint is transmitted to the pelvis and, accordingly, the lower spine also with the help of a system of joint connections, muscles (muscle chains) and tendons. The multidirectionality of the above-described traction forces applied to the lower and upper spine creates a traction effect transmitted to the spine.

An important feature of the claimed technical solution is the presence of an axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator in each direction up to 90 degrees relative to the zero horizontal position of the rotator (11). In particular, rotation can be carried out by means of a toothed belt (21) fixed on the axial rotator (11) by a clamping fixing plate, using a threaded connection, a toothed pulley (22) of a stepper motor (20).

The zero horizontal position of the axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator is the position in which the longitudinal axis (15) of the crossbar of the axial rotator (11) is parallel to the horizontal plane. In the preferred embodiment, the rotation angle of the axial rotator (11) is monitored by the sensor (16) of the position of the axial rotator (11). The data of the sensor (16) of the rotation angle of the axial rotator (11) are transmitted to the controller (18) of the stepper motor (20). The patient's palm grasps the crossbar of the axial rotator (11) around the axis (15). This position of the patient's hand allows the traction force to be transferred to the upper limb, simultaneously rotating it around the longitudinal axis of the limb, increasing the effectiveness of traction therapy due to the extension of the limb together with its twisting. The control of the stepper motor (20) of the axial rotator (11) of the upper limb fixator can be implemented using a controller (18) for controlling the stepper motor (20), which, in turn, can be controlled using commands sent via a wired connection (for example, via an RS485 interface) from the main controller for controlling the traction table using the appropriate software.

Another difference of the claimed solution is the presence of an axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator in each direction up to 90 degrees relative to the zero position. In particular, rotation can be carried out by means of a toothed belt (21), fixed on the axial rotator (14) by a clamping fixing plate, using a threaded connection, a toothed pulley (22) of a stepper motor (20).

The zero position of the axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator is the position in which the longitudinal axis of the foot fixator (19) (Fig. 8) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The angle of rotation of the axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator is monitored by the sensor (16) of the position of the axial rotator (14). The foot fixator (19) can be attached to the axial rotator (14) through the provided holes by means of a threaded connection. Using the slots, the patient's foot is fixed with straps in the fixator (19). This position of the patient's foot allows the traction force to be transferred to the lower limb, simultaneously rotating it around the longitudinal axis of the limb, increasing the effectiveness of traction therapy due to the extension of the limb together with its twisting. The control of the stepper motor (20) of the axial rotator (14) of the lower limb fixator can be implemented using a controller (18) for controlling the stepper motor (20), which, in turn, can be controlled using commands sent via a wired connection (for example, via an RS485 interface) from the main controller (18) for controlling the traction table using the appropriate software.

The declared technical solution is a single product, the parts of which can be assembled by means of assembly operations obvious to a specialist in the state of the art, at the manufacturing plant.

The presented figures, description of the design and use of the traction table do not exhaust the possible design options and do not limit in any way the scope of the claimed technical solution. Other design options and uses are possible within the scope of the claimed formula.

Claims (1)

A traction table comprising sections for stretching the upper limbs, each of which comprises an upper limb traction drive connected to an upper limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable portion of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, and sections for stretching the lower limbs, each of which comprises a lower limb traction drive connected to a lower limb console by means of telescopic retractable guides for moving the traction drive along the longitudinal axis of the limb, the retractable portion of which is rigidly attached to the drive base, wherein each section is equipped with a pneumatic cylinder, its base attached to a corresponding console, the retractable rod of which is fixed to a drive bracket rigidly attached to the drive base, wherein an upper limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the upper limb traction drive, including a fixed bracket connected to an axial rotator via a bearing having a crossbar for grasping with the patient's palm, made with the possibility of bringing the upper limb into rotation, wherein the longitudinal axis of the crossbar for grasping the patient's palm is parallel to the horizontal plane in the zero position of the axial rotator, and a lower limb retainer is attached to the end of the base of the traction drive of the lower limb, including a fixed bracket connected via a bearing to the axial rotator with a foot retainer attached to it, made with the possibility of bringing the lower limb into rotation.