RU227985U1 - Disinfection mat - Google Patents

Abstract

The device is related to disinfection floor coverings intended for use as a disinfection barrier in medical institutions, kindergartens, educational institutions, poultry and livestock complexes, and food industry enterprises. The disinfection mat is made of foamed polymer material that forms a hydrophobic film along the edges and bottom during the production process, preventing leakage of the disinfectant solution from the mat.

Description

The utility model relates to floor coverings for disinfection, intended for use as a disinfection barrier in medical institutions, kindergartens, educational institutions, poultry and livestock complexes, and food industry enterprises.

Disinfection is a set of measures aimed at destroying pathogens of infectious diseases and destroying toxins in environmental objects to prevent them from getting on the skin, mucous membranes and wound surfaces. It is one of the types of disinfection.

The main goal of disinfection measures is to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in order to create and maintain safe living conditions.

Disinfection is aimed at interrupting the paths of infection spread from its source to other objects. The emergence of various means for disinfection, the development of instructions and rules have made it possible to significantly reduce the number of infections and prevent disease epidemics.

A distinction is made between focal and preventive disinfection. Focal disinfection is divided into current and final sets of disinfection measures.

The formation of the concept and understanding of the essence of disinfection appeared as a result of the measures taken in medieval Europe during plague outbreaks. Since the carriers were insects and rats, disinfection also included focal disinfestation (destruction of insects) and deratization (destruction of rodents). Subsequently, as science developed, the priority shifted from focal disinfection to preventive disinfection, carried out as a preventive measure in the absence of diseases or in small numbers.

Current disinfection is a focal type of disinfection carried out in the presence of a source of infection in order to destroy pathogens released by a carrier or a sick person. The task of current disinfection is to reduce the level of pollution, contamination of the environment in the source of infection. Current disinfection includes measures carried out in hospitals, isolation wards, and homes with infectious patients. This type is aimed at preventing the spread of pathogens, as well as the toxins they release, beyond the source of the disease.

Final disinfection is most often used in cases where the patient or carrier is hospitalized, recovered, isolated or died, as well as when the carrier of a chronic infection (for example, tuberculosis) changes his place of residence. Things, linen, household items are usually contaminated and serve as a source of the spread of the disease. Final disinfection, also related to the focal type, is carried out if the duration of the viability of the pathogen in the environment is more than 2 days.

Final disinfection measures are carried out in the foci of such diseases as tuberculosis (the pathogen survives in the body's secretions for up to 12 years), scarlet fever (the pathogen remains active in dried blood for several months), scabies, meningococcal infection, hepatitis A, etc. The streptococcus pathogen is also very resistant to the influence of the external environment; according to researchers, the streptococcus mitis species, accidentally brought to the lunar surface, survived there for up to 950 days, withstanding temperature fluctuations of 270 degrees and a complete lack of moisture.

Preventive disinfection is intended to prevent infection in places where pathogens may appear and accumulate (medical and educational institutions, food industry enterprises, public places, water supply and sewage treatment facilities, etc.).

Preventive disinfection does not depend on the detection of pathogens, the epidemiological situation and is of a preventive nature. Disinfection as a set of measures for disinfection is possible by the forces and means of institutions, as well as with the involvement of specialized services.

The frequency and timing of this type of disinfection are regulated by regulatory documents. Preventive disinfection can be scheduled and unscheduled (when conditions change or one-time).

Preventive disinfection is disinfection that is carried out outside of epidemic outbreaks in places where infectious disease pathogens are likely to accumulate.

The main objects of preventive disinfection are:

medical institutions;

medical and preventive institutions;

preschool institutions;

educational institutions;

public places and places of mass gatherings of people, places where entertainment events are held (train stations, ships, carriages, cinemas, hostels, markets, etc.);

food industry enterprises (dairy, meat, confectionery, bakery), food trade and catering establishments;

hairdressers, baths, showers, swimming pools.

Preventive disinfection is carried out constantly, regardless of the epidemic situation: washing hands, surrounding objects using detergents and cleaning agents, using disinfection mats containing antibacterial additives. The latter are used for disinfection activities in agricultural enterprises, food and processing industries, medical and preventive institutions, and at home. They consist of a waterproof base and a material that is impregnated with a disinfectant solution. When the user steps on the mat, the sole of his shoe, under the influence of his own body weight due to the pressing of the absorbent material, is completely immersed in the disinfectant solution. This helps to clean the sole of the shoe from visible contaminants, such as dirt, sand, anti-icing reagents, and also destroys pathogenic bacteria.

There are four main methods of disinfection.

The mechanical method involves mechanical removal of particles from surfaces and from the air by airing, cleaning surfaces, washing, and ventilation. The mechanical method of disinfection also includes air and water filtration and removal of contaminated soil. It is impossible to remove all pathogens by the mechanical method, so it is usually used in combination with physical or chemical disinfection.

Chemical methods of disinfection involve the use of disinfectants that have a detrimental effect on pathogens and destroy toxins.

A disinfectant solution is used to destroy dangerous microorganisms on medical instruments, objects, surfaces and in the environment. The term "disinfection solution" is often confused with an antiseptic solution used to treat the skin and cavities of the human body. But the distinction between the concepts is not always possible, since some antiseptics can be used as a solution for disinfecting instruments and vice versa, individual disinfectant solutions are suitable for treating body surfaces.

The most common chemical disinfectants used for disinfection are formaldehyde, sodium hypochlorite, and solutions of organic substances with disinfectant properties:

chlorhexidine,

quaternary ammonium compounds,

peracetic acid,

guanidines,

polyguanidines.

Physical methods of disinfection are based on the principles of physical impact. High-temperature treatment of materials and ultraviolet radiation are used. This method is considered effective and environmentally friendly.

The biological method of disinfection is based on the interaction of various microorganisms. It is used mainly for sewage and waste water, for cleaning septic tanks and drainage structures.

Combined disinfection methods are a combination of two or more basic methods of disinfection to increase the effectiveness of the result. Most often, primary mechanical treatment is combined with the use of chemicals or a physical method of disinfection.

Disinfection rules vary depending on the object, area, method and level of disinfection. The set of rules is established on the basis of research and is taken as a basis for carrying out a disinfection complex of measures.

A sticky mat is known from the prior art, consisting of several layers with a sticky coating, successively removed when the surface is contaminated. The floor mat collects dust and dirt, cleaning the soles of people's shoes and the wheels of carts passing over it. It is a disposable sheet consisting of polyethylene with water-soluble acrylic glue applied to them [https://smartkomplekt.ru/mnogoslojnyj-lipkij-kovrik.html]. Such a device does not provide disinfection treatment due to the fact that acrylic glue is applied to the sticky mat, which can mechanically retain dust and dirt. There is no disinfectant on its surface. Also, disinfection does not occur due to the small area of contact between the sole of the shoe and the mat, since the mat is not pressed under the influence of a person's weight. For disinfection, it is necessary to immerse the sole of the shoe to a certain depth due to the presence of relief on it.

A disinfectant mat for cleaning shoes is known [US 2004078909 A1, 29.04.2004], which comprises: a base having a front edge, a rear edge and side edges, a first section formed in said base, said first section located near the front edge of said base, said first section contains a substantially stationary bristle brush extending in the lateral direction at least substantially through the base, a second section, said second section contains a disinfectant liquid and a belt movable within the disinfectant liquid for transferring a portion of the liquid to the upper surface of the belt, where the liquid can be transferred to footwear located on the upper surface of the belt, and a third section having a stationary wiping mat located therein; a stationary bristle brush can move vertically between an upper position in which the roller can rotate and a lower position in which the roller contacts said base to remain stationary relative to said base; the stationary bristle brush can move from said upper position to said lower position under the weight of a person stepping on said stationary brush; the stationary bristle brush is oriented generally parallel to the front edge and extends at least substantially through said base between said side edges; the stationary wiping mat comprises a mat having upwardly directed bristles; the second section comprises a plurality of support rollers attached thereto so as to be able to rotate, and said belt surrounds and is supported by said support rollers; the belt consists of a fabric material that at least partially absorbs liquid; the base consists of hard rubber; a base having a front edge, a rear edge and side edges, a first section formed in said base, said first section located near the front edge of said base, said first section comprising a substantially stationary bristle brush extending laterally at least substantially through the base, and a second section, said second section comprising a disinfectant liquid, and the belt is immersed in the disinfectant liquid to transfer a portion of the liquid to an upper surface of the belt, where the liquid can fall on footwear located on the upper surface of the belt; the belt has a lower portion adapted to be placed under the disinfectant liquid, and an upper surface which is located above the liquid; the belt is supported by a plurality of support rollers; the stationary bristle brush can move vertically between an upper position in which the roller can rotate and a lower position in which the roller contacts said base to remain stationary relative to said base; a fixed brush of bristles that can move from said upper position to said lower position under the weight of a person stepping on said fixed brush; the base consists of hard rubber.

A disinfection mat is known [RU 73183, 20.05.2008], comprising at least two layers, one of which is made of a water-absorbing material with the possibility of impregnating it with a disinfectant composition, and the other of a waterproof material, characterized in that it is made in three layers, wherein the top layer is made of a fabric material that ensures wetting of the soles of shoes with a disinfectant solution, the middle layer is made of a water-absorbing material that ensures retention of the disinfectant solution, and the bottom layer is made of a fabric waterproof material; the top layer is made of mesh awning fabric with a specific gravity of 250 g/ ^m2 ; the bottom layer is made of awning fabric with a specific gravity of 500 to 700 g/ ^m2 ; the middle layer is made of secondary foamed polyurethane foam; the top and bottom layers are connected to each other.

A floor covering is known [RU 28321 U1, 20.03.2003] comprising individual elements connected to each other and having a honeycomb structure of hexagonal cells separated from each other by partitions, the end upper surfaces of which are supporting, and in the area of the location of the lower end surfaces of the partitions intended for contact with the floor, through passages are made for removing water, connecting the adjacent cells of the honeycomb structure, characterized in that each partition in the area of the upper end surface of the latter has a thickness greater than the thickness of the partition in the area of its lower end surface; the walls of the partition have different heights within one honeycomb cell; at least on some of the partitions there are slits made directed from the upper end surface to the lower end surface of these partitions; the thickness of the partition along its working upper end surface exceeds the thickness of the partition along its lower end surface by at least 50%; the working surface of each partition is formed by one or two flat surfaces located at an obtuse angle to each other; the upper end surface of the partition is curved; the center of curvature of said curved surface of the partition is located between the upper and lower surfaces of the latter; said curved surface has a constant curvature; in cross section, the partition has the form of a geometric figure with symmetrically located side walls; in the lower part of the partition, its wall has a constant thickness, and in the region of its upper part, an expansion is made, limited by the upper end surface of this partition, wherein the upper part of the partition has curved walls; the base of each hexagonal cell of the honeycomb structure is made in the form of a regular hexagon; the base of each hexagonal cell of the honeycomb structure is made in the form of an irregular hexagon.

The Dezkov company mat is known [https://dezkov.ru/catalog/dezkovriki/dezkovriki-ekonom/dezkovrik-ekonom-50x80x3.html]. It consists of 3 layers: The first layer is a fine strong mesh material (PVC). The inner layer is a dense mat with an absorbent effect. The third - the bottom and side parts - is a waterproof material. The mats have extremely low efficiency and quality due to the design features. They are short-lived in operation. Due to the fact that the waterproof material is stitched - over time, the liquid leaks more and more and the mat becomes unusable. The mats are uneconomical in using a disinfectant solution for the same reason. Finally, they are very difficult to manufacture and have a high material intensity.

The closest technical solution to the utility model is a disinfection mat [RU 184033 U1, 12.10.2018], comprising a rectangular base made of acid- and alkali-resistant material, along the perimeter of which there is a flange made integral with the base and forming a reservoir with the base, a partition made integral with the base across the base, dividing the reservoir into two parts, a cleaning coating and a disinfectant, wherein the cleaning coating is located in each part of the reservoir, and the first part of the reservoir is filled with a disinfectant; both parts of the reservoir are filled with a disinfectant.

The disadvantages of existing technical solutions are the high material consumption of the devices and the complexity of their manufacture. These mats are therefore intended for multiple use.

Several materials are used in the production of analogues:

- foam rubber, foamed polymer

- vinyl shell

- upper mesh base

Manufacturing is complex and involves several production stages:

- production of foam rubber or foamed polymer

- cutting foam rubber

- cutting of vinyl casing

- making (sewing) the foam shell, sewing on the zipper, sewing on the upper mesh base

- assembly of the rug

The technical result is a simplification of the device manufacturing.

In addition, the device is less material-intensive and requires less labor to manufacture.

The technical result is achieved by a disinfection mat made of foamed polymer material, which during the production process forms a hydrophobic film along the edges and bottom, preventing the leakage of the disinfectant solution from the mat.

Unlike its analogues, the disinfection mat is produced in one stage - it is simply poured into a mold. This process reduces production costs and material consumption.

Foamed polymer is introduced into a form with beveled edges. The production of a disinfection mat from foamed polymer poured into a form with beveled edges consists of one stage: pouring liquid foam rubber or foamed polymer and exposure (curing). Which provides significant savings. Beveled edges reduce material consumption and ensure the ergonomics of the product - the ability to transport carts, reduce the risk of injury.

Foamed polymeric materials can include, for example, foam polymers: foam plastics (cellular), honeycomb plastics (fibrous) and foam plastics (granulated). Synthetic felt, sintepon, polyvinyl chloride foam and polyurethane foam, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and others can be used.

Figure 1 shows the appearance of the rug. Figure 2 shows the edge of the rug in section.

Tests of the device manufacturing were carried out.

Example.

The production included the following stages.

Checking the conformity of the label on the containers with components with the accompanying documents (quality certificate).

Monitoring the expiration date of components.

If points 1-2 are met, the components are allowed into production.

In case of non-compliance with points 1-2 (expired shelf life, non-compliance with the nomenclature), containers with components are set aside for control check and further decision.

All data on the components is recorded in the incoming inspection log. Before the start of production, component A (for example, polyol isocyanate can be used) and the hardener (component B) are pre-thermostated to 20°C, keeping them in the room for at least 5 hours.

Before starting work, each component must be mixed to obtain a homogeneous phase.

Lubricate the forming surface with release agent, remove its excess. Fig. 3.

Components A and B are added to the mixing containers in the appropriate proportions and mixed thoroughly for 1 minute at low speed until the color of the components changes. Fig. 4, 5.

The resulting mass is transferred to a prepared form, after which the form is placed in the molding area in a hand press. Fig. 6, 7.

The material is kept in the mold for 10-15 minutes until the material has completely hardened. Fig. 8.

After the material has set, the finished product is removed from the mold. Fig. 9.

Quality control by appearance: absence of underfilled and uncured areas.

Trimming of evaporation areas and outer perimeter. Weighing of finished product and waste. Finished product weight 320±15 g. Waste percentage should not exceed 30% of finished product weight. Fig. 10.

Packaging of finished products in a polyethylene sleeve, batch marking. Individual packaging in a LDPE Sleeve is assumed, group packaging of 5-8 pcs. in a LDPE Sleeve is also possible. Fig. 11.

Figure 12 shows the upper forming surface.

Claims (1)

A disinfection mat, distinguished by the fact that it is made of foamed polymer material, which during the production process forms a hydrophobic film along the edges and bottom, preventing the leakage of the disinfectant solution from the mat.