RU2252863C2 - Horizontal-disk sawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working equipment, applicable for processing of round logs in relatively small industrial productions.

SUBSTANCE: the machine has a framework with wheels for motion of the machine on the road guides. Two guides are positioned perpendicularly to the direction of machine motion, with a carriage installed for motion on them and provision of sawing in the direct and return directions. A platform is suspended at the framework corners from kinematically interconnected screws, the carriage guides are fastened to the platform. The latter is made with a drive electric motor and a spindle, with one or two saw blades horizontally installed on its shaft. The processed blank is fastened in the center of the road by means of an electromechanical grip and side grips with a drive of symmetrical drawing together or separation fixing the blank in its lower part.

EFFECT: enhanced precision of processing and capacity.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to woodworking equipment and can be used for processing roundwood in relatively small industrial enterprises.

Known a circular saw machine containing a bed with longitudinal guides mounted on the latter drive carriage with a rotary saw mechanism, providing sawing in the forward and reverse directions, lateral rotary clamping stops (tilters), as well as devices for clamping logs made in the form of an arm equipped with clamping elements. (Japanese Patent No. 52-105.56, CL 75B12 1977).

This machine due to sawing in the forward and reverse directions is highly productive. In addition, due to the fixed fixing of the log and the installation of the saw mechanism on the movable carriage, high-quality materials are obtained with minimal deviations from the geometric dimensions.

The main disadvantages of this machine are its stationary performance, manufacturing complexity, high metal consumption. In addition, tilters and clamping mechanisms impede the processing of the central part of the log, which also limits the possibility of individual cutting, taking into account the required assortment. In addition, the use of two saw blades mounted in the same plane in the rotary carriage requires significant energy costs, and installing a log on the bed requires the use of lifting mechanisms.

Closest to the proposed technical solution in its design is a device for producing sawn timber from logs (Patent RU 2054989, class B 27 B 7/00, 02.27.1996). The device includes a frame with wheels installed in the lower part of its vertical struts for moving the machine along the road guides, two guides placed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the machine, an engine with a saw blade placed in a horizontal plane. In this case, the lifting and lateral movement mechanisms are connected to the frame by means of a screw-nut pair. The workpiece to be machined is fixed in the central part of the road, which allows for sawing in the forward and reverse directions.

 The advantages of this device include the simplicity of the design.

The main disadvantage of this design solution is the inability to provide high precision processing. When sawing on both sides, the main criterion for the quality of the material obtained is the minimization or complete absence of a non-matching difference in the center of the material obtained. This can be achieved only by very accurate and rigid installation of the saw blade in the horizontal plane, while there must be no vertical or horizontal backlash, which this device cannot provide. In addition, with this design solution, angular distortions will necessarily be present when moving the saw blade with the engine. Mounting the saw blade on the motor shaft also reduces machining accuracy, since all electric motors have axial backlash of the rotor. The frame design used in this device does not allow for high rigidity of the entire structure. Significant disadvantages of the device can also include mounting the workpiece. Due to the fact that when sawing from one or the other side, the workpiece tends to turn under the influence of dynamic loads, the rigidity of fastening the workpiece exactly in the center of the road is of great importance, since this affects the quality of the material obtained.

The purpose of the invention is the creation of a machine for relatively small sawmills and woodworking industrial plants with high precision machining and productivity.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a horizontal disk sawing machine containing a welded frame made of angle rolled steel is equipped with a platform suspended at the corners of the frame on screws kinematically connected to each other in the form of a common chain and sprockets, for symmetrical lifting and lowering, and the guide carriages attached to the platform, while the carriage is made with a drive motor and a spindle, on the shaft of which one or two saw blades are horizontally mounted, and the workpiece is fixed in the center of the door ogs by means of electromechanical grips and lateral grips with a symmetrical sliding-sliding drive, fixing the workpiece in its lower part.

Figure 1 schematically shows the proposed design with the right arrangement of the carriage. Figure 2 is a top view, with the left arrangement of the carriage. Figure 3 shows the technological scheme of sawing logs. Figure 4 - a possible option for cutting logs. Figure 5 shows the scheme of processing slab. Figure 6 shows the technological scheme of saw carriage cutting.

The horizontal disk sawing machine contains a welded frame made of angular rolled steel 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), in the lower part of which wheels 2 are installed, by which the machine moves along the guides 3 of the road 4. Movable electromechanical mechanical gripper 5, fixed mechanical gripper 6 and lateral grabs 7 with a symmetric sliding-sliding drive allow you to fix the workpiece in its lower part exactly in the center of the road. The vertical struts of the frame 1 are at the same time guides for the platform 8. The platform is suspended on screws 9 fixed in the rolling bearings 10. All four screws are interconnected by a common chain 11 by means of sprockets 12 fixed on the ends of the screws. The rotation of the screws provides the electric motor 13 by moving the circuit 11 in one direction or another. In the central part of the platform, two guides 14 are installed along which the carriage 15 is moved with a drive motor 16 and a spindle 17, on the shaft of which one or two saw blades are mounted 18. The movement of the carriage along the guides is provided by a mechanism consisting of a handle 19, a vertical shaft 20, a latch 21, sprockets 22, chains 23, rollers 24. It is possible to use an electromechanical device for moving the carriage due to an additional drive with an electric motor. Setting up the machine for a given thickness of the material obtained is provided by a device consisting of an arm 25 rigidly connected to the platform 8, at the end of which an elastic element 26 is installed, which is in direct contact with the rod 27 and the rod guide 28. In the upper part of the device are placed adjustable adjusters 29 and a support plate 30 of the rod 27, as well as a tuning scale. Feeding Email the cable is fed into the control station 31 of the machine through the rod 32, which ensures its movement along the stretched string along the road when the machine moves. In addition, the machine is equipped with side stops 33 and central stops 34, restricting the movement of the carriage 15.

The machine operates as follows.

After installing the saw blade on the spindle shaft, the machine is adjusted to the diameter of the saw blade. The purpose of the adjustment is that when the carriage 15 is at the extreme points of the platform 8, both on the right and on the left, the saw blade 18 extends beyond the vertical axis of symmetry of the machine, which coincides with the axis of symmetry of the grippers 5, 6, 7, by 3 ... 5 mm. This is achieved by adjusting the side stops 33, restricting the movement of the carriage 15. This adjustment makes it possible to cut through the workpiece by sawing from two sides, regardless of the curvature of the log.

The technological scheme of sawing a log is shown in figure 3 and is as follows. After the workpiece is fixed by grabs in the center of the road, the saw blade is mounted in height taking into account the diameter of the log at the top by raising or lowering the platform 8 using the corresponding buttons on the control station 31. The carriage 15 is moved to the extreme right position until it stops 33 by turning the handle 19, the latch is engaged 21. When the machine moves forward, the saw blade 18 cuts only half of the log. After the saw blade leaves the cutting zone, the latch 21 is turned off, the carriage is moved to the extreme left position to the stop 33 and the latch 21 is turned on. When the machine moves backward, the workpiece is finished. After the saw blade leaves the cutting zone, the latch is turned off, the carriage is moved to the extreme right position, and the cut off upper chisel is removed. Next, lowering the platform, and therefore the saw blade, to the required thickness of the material obtained. The cutting cycle continues in the same order until the saw blade drops to its lowest position and the lower switch trips. Figure 4 shows the possible options for cutting logs. The remaining lower slab is also subject to further processing (figure 5). To do this, the slab is installed flat on the sleepers of the road, and the platform is installed so that the distance between the saw blade and the slab plane corresponds to the desired size of the thickness of the resulting material. This is achieved by using an additional tuning scale.

The proposed machine allows for individual cutting of logs with a minimum amount of waste, providing adjustment to the required thickness of the material obtained in the automatic mode.

If it is necessary to manufacture an edged board and a bar from a carriage, the technological scheme shown in Fig. 6 is used. Such a sawing pattern is possible when the thickness of the workpiece being processed is less than the size of the saw blade cut. In this case, stops 34 are used, which limit the movement of the carriage in the central part of the machine so that the clamping flanges of the saw blade do not touch the side surfaces of the workpiece. After fixing the gun carriage with grippers in the center of the road, the saw blade is installed in height, taking into account the minimum carriage height. The carriage moves to the right position. When the machine moves forward, the saw blade completely cuts through the workpiece, receiving a trimmed board. After the saw blade leaves the cutting zone, the carriage is moved to the left position, the platform with the saw blade is lowered to the required thickness of the material obtained. When the machine moves back, the saw blade also completely cuts through the workpiece, while receiving an edged board or timber. When using this technological scheme, the productivity of the machine increases by 1.5 ... 2 times.

Thus, the proposed machine allows you to ensure high quality of the material with a sufficiently high productivity.

The tests carried out confirmed the high technological and functional capabilities, as well as the convenience of using the proposed horizontal-disk sawing machine.

All this allows the proposed device to be widely used in the national economy, especially in small and medium industrial enterprises.

Claims (3)

1. A horizontal disk sawing machine comprising a frame with wheels installed in the lower part of its vertical struts for moving the machine along road guides located along a motionless fixed workpiece, two guides placed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the machine, and installed with the ability to move along them and providing sawing in the forward and reverse directions, the carriage, characterized in that it is equipped with a platform, suspended at the corners of the frame on the screws, kinematically interconnected for symmetrical lifting and lowering, and the guide carriages are attached to the platform, while the carriage is made with a drive motor and a spindle, on the shaft of which one or two saw blades are horizontally mounted, and the workpiece is fixed in the center of the road by means of electromechanical capture and side grippers with a drive of symmetric sliding-sliding, fixing the workpiece in its lower part. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame is made welded from an angular rolled steel. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the kinematic connection of the screws is made in the form of a common chain and sprockets.

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