RU212093U1 - Filter for mechanical waste water treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely to devices for wastewater treatment from suspended solids and oil products at the end of the sewer network in front of the control well. The technical result is achieved by using a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and filled with fibrous filter material, packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear with interlacing smooth surface from inextensible and elastomeric threads, while the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrink polymer materials with a difference in shrinkage (10-25)%. The technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely to devices for wastewater treatment from suspended solids and oil products at the end of the sewer network in front of the control well.

A replaceable filter element is known, hermetically fixed to the inner surface of the cartridge, which is part of a cartridge hydrocyclone filter for cleaning liquids from solid suspended particles (Utility model patent RU 113678, IPC B04C 9/00, B01D 29/11, publ. 27.02.2012 .).

The disadvantage of this filter is the complexity of the filter design, low efficiency of water purification from oil products, rapid clogging and the inability to regenerate the filter.

Known mechanical cleaning filter with a load of fibrous material in the form of nylon, which is part of the device for the treatment of storm water (Patent for utility model RU 140160, IPC C02F 1/00, publ. 27.04.2014)

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products.

Known filter for mechanical water purification, located in the underground space in a concrete well, loaded with mineral or synthetic fibers, with the possibility of supplying water for cleaning at the bottom of the mechanical filter (Utility model patent RU 38751, IPC C02F 1/00, publ. 10.07 .2004).

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products and the accumulation of suspended solids in the lower part of the mechanical filter.

Known filter for mechanical treatment of waste water in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, located in the underground space in a concrete well. The filter contains a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and is filled with a fibrous filter material (Utility model patent RU 150518, IPC C02F 1/00, publ. 20.02.2015).

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products, oil products, their settling on the filter and accumulation in the annular pocket between the well wall and the wall of the filter housing, as well as difficult filter regeneration.

The closest is a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and filled with fibrous filter material, packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear with a smooth weave of inextensible and elastomeric threads (Utility model patent RU 166320, IPC C02F 1/00, B01D 39/08, B01D 27/08, publ. 20.11.2016).

The disadvantage of this filter is the "skip" of suspended solids and oil products in the process of mechanical cleaning.

The objective of the utility model is to develop the design of a mechanical filter for technical and technological purposes in the water circulation.

The technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

The technical result is achieved by using a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and filled with fibrous filter material, packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear with interlacing smooth surface made of inextensible and elastomeric threads, characterized in that the inextensible thread is made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%.

The filter for mechanical purification of waste water is included in the system of filters for water purification, consisting of filters for mechanical and sorption purification, located in the underground space in separate wells, connected by pipelines with the possibility of supplying waste water for treatment to the upper part of the mechanical purification filter and draining from the lower part filters in the direction of water flow.

At the upper end of the filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge, there is a mesh, and the fibrous filter material filling the filter for mechanical wastewater treatment is packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear, interlacing the surface of inextensible and elastomeric threads. An inextensible thread in knitwear is made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25% (a bicomponent thread is a thread made of two non-shrinkable polymeric materials), as a result of which an inextensible thread forms additional twists, which, together with the action of an elastomeric thread, additionally tightening the formed twists , increase the density of the porous structure of knitwear and its volume.

This allows you to increase the formation of air bubbles when the filter is wetted with water when it is installed in the well and put into operation, as a result of which the hydrophobicity of the filter material increases and, accordingly, its capacity for oil products. In addition, the highly porous structure and volumetric structure of elastic tubular knitwear provide better filtration and retention of fine particles of suspended solids.

An inextensible thread made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials is placed in an oven and heated above the glass transition temperature of both components by 10-20°C, but below the pour point of both components. As a result of different heat shrinkage of the components of an inextensible thread, the resulting twists are twisted into a spiral, creating a three-dimensional crimped surface of the thread. The heat treatment time is 45-70 minutes, depending on the thickness of the bicomponent yarn. Cooling of a bicomponent inextensible thread is carried out at room temperature from 12-24 hours.

The difference in shrinkage of two non-shrinkable polymeric materials of an inextensible thread of 10-25%, on the one hand, provides a sufficient number and size of twists to form a voluminous and dense structure of knitwear, on the other hand, allows you to maintain the extensibility of knitwear along the length and width of knitwear, for the possibility of regeneration and repeated use. Decreasing the difference in shrinkage reduces the effectiveness of the material, and increasing it leads to entanglement of the twists and breakage of the thread during knitting.

Plain weave is formed when a bicomponent inextensible thread and an elastomeric thread are knitted into loops at the same time, with the formation of an elastic frame from an elastomeric thread. The twists of a bicomponent inextensible thread are straightened under tension. Elastic tubular jersey by interweaving a satin stitch from a bicomponent inextensible and elastomeric threads is obtained on a round single-cylinder knitting machine MS-5 of large diameter class 22 with a depth of culling on the main plates of 2.0-2.6 mm with a tension of a bicomponent inextensible thread of 2.3-2.6 N and elastomeric thread 2.3-2.8 N. At the end of knitting, the bicomponent inextensible thread is twisted back into crimps, creating a voluminous crimped knitwear surface.

Ready-made containers made of elastic tubular jersey with a smooth weave are filled with a fibrous filter material and placed in the inner space of the cartridge.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a filter for mechanical cleaning in a filter system placed in underground concrete wells, FIG. 2 shows a graphical recording of elastic tubular knitwear with a satin stitch interlacing of an elastomeric yarn and an inextensible yarn made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials.

The filter for mechanical wastewater treatment 1 is included in the system of filters for water purification, consisting of a storage tank (well) 2, a mechanical filter 1, a sorption filter 3 and a control well 4, located in the underground space in separate wells connected by pipelines 5.

The filter for mechanical wastewater treatment 1 is made in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper 6 and lower 7 ends and an impermeable side wall 8. At the upper end 6 of the cartridge 1, there is a mesh 9. The interior of the cartridge 1 is filled with fibrous filter material 10, packed in containers 11 , made of elastic tubular knitwear by interweaving the surface of an inextensible thread 12 and an elastomeric thread 13. An inextensible thread 12 is made of multi-shrink polymer materials (bicomponent thread) with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%.

The utility model works as follows.

Water from the sewer network flows into storage tank 2, from where it flows through pipeline 5 (due to the difference in hydrostatic heights) into an adjacent well with a mechanical filter 1. At the same time, the water levels in both wells are balanced according to the law of communicating vessels. Further, passing from top to bottom through a mechanical filter 1, water enters the lower part of the well with a mechanical filter 1, then through the pipeline 5 to the lower part of the well, where the sorption filter 3 is located. 3, merges through the pipeline 5 into the control well 4, after which it is discharged into the sewer network or reservoir.

When untreated wastewater is supplied from top to bottom through a mechanical filter, elastic tubular knitwear with a weave of bicomponent inextensible and elastomeric threads, and a fibrous filter material located in it, retains the smallest particles of suspended solids and microdroplets of emulsified oil products. Due to the increased density of tubular knitwear and due to its volumetric structure, the retention of the smallest particles of suspended solids and microdroplets of emulsified oil products is better, which improves the efficiency of the filter. The claimed design makes it possible to increase the formation of air bubbles when the containers are wetted with water in the well during the cleaning process, as a result of which the hydrophobicity of containers filled with fibrous filter material increases, and, accordingly, the filter's capacity for oil products.

In addition, the use of containers made of elastic tubular stockinette knit fabric facilitates the process of replacing the used fibrous filter material. And thanks to the resulting spiral curls, the extensibility of the elastic tubular knitwear increases, which makes it possible to better clean it during the regeneration process: the elastic knitwear is stretched in the longitudinal and transverse directions (resulting in an increase in the pore size) and washed with a reverse flow of liquid or gas. This also improves the efficiency of the filter.

Thus, the use of a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and filled with fibrous filter material, packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear with a smooth weave from an elastomeric thread and an inextensible thread made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%, improves the quality of wastewater treatment.

Claims (1)

Filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge and filled with fibrous filter material, packed in containers made of elastic tubular knitwear with an interweaving of a smooth surface of inextensible and elastomeric threads, characterized in that the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrinkage polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%.

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