RU2110094C1 - Fire-alarm system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: systems for information exchange between guarded objects and dispatching centers, property protection or fire fighting for distributed objects using busy telephone communication lines. SUBSTANCE: system gathers, processes, transmits and records message about status of circuits and calls property-protection, police or fire-fighting teams automatically due to system design, capabilities of modern computer equipment and electronic circuit technology. All groups of user sets, automatic exchange equipment and dispatching centers have microcomputers which provide automatic interface between all units of system so that identifier and label of object, cause of alarm circuit firing, position of fired detectors, detailed map of object, its location, maps of access roads and other important characteristics are shown on computer screen in several seconds after alarm firing. All crucial units of system are designed using redundancy. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. 4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The group of inventions relates to fire and security alarms and they can be used for centralized property and fire protection of dispersed objects through busy telephone lines.

 Known security and fire alarm system "Comet-K" [1], containing a central monitoring station with light indicators and manual controls, a registration unit, an output device for printing alphanumeric information, a linear unit with a group of high-pass filters, a broadcast device, group concentrators with power supplies and low-pass filters, groups of subscriber sets with lock loops.

 The disadvantages of such a system are the small number of protected objects, low functional reliability due to the lack of reservation of critical units, the absence of auditory and visual guarantees to the subscriber about taking or disarming the object, the indistinguishability of an alarm and fire signal, insufficient imitostability, efficiency and information content of reporting the facility, insufficient reliability of information transfer on busy telephone lines, the inability to call the police and fire departments s from non-telephone facilities, the inconvenience of operating a group hub with a power supply installed in the entrances of houses.

 Closest to the technical nature of the proposed one is the Cyclone security and fire alarm system [2], which contains a central monitoring station (CMS), which includes a light and sound indication unit, a manual control unit, a digital printing recorder connected to the unit control, which through four blocks of transceivers, four blocks of differential transformers, four dedicated communication lines is connected respectively to four sets of PBX equipment, each of which s is made in the form of a group of concentrators connected in parallel with the corresponding dedicated communication line with the monitoring station. Moreover, all the hubs in the group are additionally interconnected in parallel with the control bus. Using the switches on the hub control panel, each of them is assigned a unique number that has no analogues in the system, and one of the group of hubs in each set of PBX equipment is determined by the master. Each concentrator consists of a transceiver unit, an analysis unit, a control unit, an object number counter unit, a allocator unit, a buffer memory device and a control unit integrated into a concentrator control unit, the input of which is through a resonant amplifier, a line-up unit, a high-pass filter unit, busy telephone communication lines are connected to subscriber sets, each of which is made in the form of a low-pass filter and an object unit. Each object block consists of a control device, to which a signal amplifier block, a code block block with a remote code lock, a multivibrator, a light and sound alarm block, a network and backup power supply unit, a control unit with fire, security and special alarm loops, a switch block are connected (with switches: "Control", "Reset", "Security / Off", "Set"), a light indication unit (consisting of indicators: "Fire", "Security", "Network", "Backup power"). The known system operates as follows. The object unit (OB) provides the generation of the following signals: "Capture", "Withdrawal", "Standby", "Fire", "Alarm". The “Take” signal is determined by the appearance of a continuous frequency signal of 18 kHz in the telephone line, the Alarm signal is determined by the disappearance of the signal in the telephone line, the remaining signals are frequency-modulated signals with a fill frequency of 18 kHz and a unique duration and period for each signal following. The signals in the OB are generated from a continuous frequency signal of 18 kHz multivibrator, which is converted into a control unit of the object unit (UUB) and acquires one of the above types, and through the signal amplifier, a low-pass filter, a busy telephone line goes to the corresponding input of the high-pass filter block one of the concentrators of the corresponding set of PBX equipment. The OB signal is generated by the “Standby” signal when the “Guard / Off” switch is set. to the off position. If, in the presence of this signal, a fire loop is violated, then the УУОБ will generate a "Fire" signal and turn on the "Fire" indicator, and if a special loop is violated, it will generate an "Alarm" signal and turn on the "Guard" indicator with blinking. After the recovery of the loops, the generation of the OB signal of the “Standby” will be restored.

 To put the security switch into armed mode, it is necessary to set the three-digit number corresponding to the cipher number by manipulating the “Reset” and “Set” switches. Then, by pressing the "Control" switch, determine the serviceability of the loops by uniformly illuminating the corresponding indicators. Set the "Security / Off" switch to the "Security" position. Close the object and on the code lock installed outside the guarded object, press and release the “Reset” switch, while the second “Security” indicator located on the code lock should light up and light up steadily, and the UUOB will turn on the “Take” signal. In case of violation of a fire or security loop, the UUBD generates a Fire or Alarm signal, respectively. For authorized disarming of an object, it is necessary to manipulate the “Reset” and “Set” switches on the combination lock in sequence to set a three-digit number corresponding to the number of the code previously set in the OB. If the cipher matches, the "Security" indicator should go out, and if it does not match, it will blink, and the audible and light alarm will turn on, and the УУОБ will generate the "Alarm" signal. Each hub, by sequentially polling the state of the signals of all subscriber sets connected to it via telephone lines, provides reception, processing and recording in the corresponding cell of its buffer memory device of the binary code of the last signal state for each OB. The leading hub outputs sequentially to the control bus, which in parallel connects the entire group of concentrators of one set of ATS equipment, the numbers of concentrators from the group. The hub, which has identified its number, transmits to the monitoring station through the appropriate dedicated communication line in the form of a binary signal binary serial numbers and codes of the changed states of the OB signals. The monitoring station, having received these messages, writes them to its buffer memory without errors and issues acknowledgment or non-acknowledgment of receipt in response to the “Receipt” concentrator. In the latter case, the hub repeats the attempt to transmit a failed message in the next communication session with the monitoring station. The monitoring station, having added to each received message the time it was received, displays it digitally, and the messages with the code "Alarm" and "Fire" are written to the display register in parallel with the concentrator number, OB number, type of alarm message and time of its registration, and includes light and sound signaling of the monitoring station.

 The disadvantages of such a system are a small number of protected objects (not more than 1000), insufficient reliability due to the absence of duplication of critical units, as well as one-way communication between subscriber sets and concentrators, which does not allow automatic control and monitoring of the status of object units and special security equipment installed on the object. There is no monitoring of the status of circuits, feeders and backup power sources used for power supply of OB and special equipment at the facility. Insufficient imitation resistance (it is possible to connect a generator simulator) can lead to the fact that an alarm at the monitoring station will not be received). The lack of reliability of information transmission on busy telephone lines and a large number of false alarms associated with a decrease in the level of the continuous frequency signal transmitted from the OB due to the deterioration of the parameters of the telephone line, which is perceived by the prototype hub as an alarm. This is due to the fact that in the prototype there is no possibility for the system to control the percentage of stable communication on each telephone line and automatically adjust the parameters of the transmitted signals to the deteriorating parameters of a particular telephone line. There is no possibility to call the police and fire brigade from non-telephone facilities. The inability to include in the subscriber kit (AK) more than one object unit due to the one-way communication between the AK and the concentrator, and it is impossible to connect more than one alarm lock cable and one fire lock cable to the object unit, which does not allow to accurately determine the place of occurrence of an alarm and fire on the object. In addition, if the first alarm was triggered, the fire signal at the same facility will not be recognized, the inability to transmit a fire signal or the call of firefighters and police to a specific fire department and police station, and the alarm signal to a specific facility security department. Reasons that prevent obtaining the required technical result: one-way exchange of signals from the hub with the subscriber set; lack of redundancy of critical units; functionally block architecture.

 The aim of the proposed group of inventions is to increase reliability, imitostoykost, information content, the level of automation in the system and increase the number of protected objects.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the security and fire alarm system containing a group of subscriber sets, each of which is made in the form of an object unit and a low-pass filter connected to the input of the corresponding concentrator of the concentrator group of the corresponding set of ATS equipment, and the transceivers of each concentrator in the concentrator group each set of PBX equipment is connected through a dedicated communication line with the corresponding transceiver of the central monitoring station about As part of the property protection department, two additional central monitoring points for the police department and the fire department were introduced, each central monitoring station made up of a group of monitoring panels, each of which contains a main and backup file control unit, a restart direction block, a local network, and three uninterrupted blocks power supply, a group of duty duty stations, the inputs and outputs of which are connected through the local network to the inputs and outputs of the main and backup file control devices, the group of outputs of each of which is connected to the first and second input groups of the restart direction block, the first and second output of which are connected respectively to the first input of the main and backup file control devices, the output group is connected respectively to the inputs of the group of duty stations, and each set of PBX equipment contains a local telephone exchange network and a multiplexer, and each hub of the PBX equipment is made in the form of a group of active concentrators, each of which contains a microcomputer, LAN scooter, switchable power supply and communication unit, consisting of a transceiver unit and a serial I / O controller unit, the first group of inputs / outputs of which are connected to the first group of inputs / outputs of the high-pass filter unit via the first and second group of inputs / outputs of the transceiver unit and the second group of inputs and outputs of the controller block serial I / O is connected to the group of inputs and outputs of the microcomputer, the input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the controller local tee, the second input-output of which through the PBX local area network is connected to the first and second input-output of the multiplexer, made in the form of a block of restart directions and two active multiplexers, each of which contains a switched power supply, an input device, a local area controller, a load confirmation indicator , a microcomputer, a restart unit and three communication units, the inputs and outputs of the LAN controller and the first inputs and outputs of the communication units being connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the microcomputer, the first input of the microcomputer is connected with the output of the input device, the second input with the first output of the restart direction block, and the microcomputer output is connected to the input of the download confirmation indicator, and the group of outputs through the restart block is connected to the first group of inputs of the restart direction block, the second group of inputs of which is connected to the output group of the second active multiplexer , the second input of which is connected to the second output of the restart direction block, and each input-output of the second group of inputs and outputs of the first communication unit of the first and second active multiplexers each A complete set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input-output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the low-pass filter unit of the main and backup file control devices of the group of monitoring panels of the central monitoring point of the property protection department, and each input and output of the second group of inputs and outputs of the second communication unit of the first and the second active multiplexers of each set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input-output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the main low-pass filter unit and reserve file control devices of the group of monitoring panels of the central monitoring station of the police department, and each input-output of the second group of inputs and outputs of the third communication unit of the first and second active multiplexers of each set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input and output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the low filter unit frequencies of the main and backup file control devices of the group of monitoring panels of the central monitoring station of the fire department, while the corresponding inputs are output The high-pass filter block of each active concentrator of the group of concentrators of each set of PBX equipment is connected via busy telephone lines to the first inputs and outputs of the low-pass filters of the corresponding subscriber sets, each of which is made as a group of object blocks of the fire and security alarm system, the inputs and outputs of which connected in parallel to the second input-output of the low-pass filter of the subscriber set. In addition, each duty station duty station contains a local area network controller, display, keyboard and microcomputer, the first input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the output group of the restart direction block, the second input is with the keyboard output, the output is with the display input, and the input and output are through the local controller network is connected to the corresponding input-output of the local network, and each file control device additionally includes a display, keyboard, LAN controller, low-pass filter unit, serial control unit auxiliary input / output, restart unit, memory unit with long-term storage, input / output device, alphanumeric printing device, microcomputer, the input of which is connected to the keyboard output, the first output of the microcomputer with the display input, the second output of the microcomputer with the alphabetical input digital printing device, the input-output of the microcomputer - through the controller of the local area network is connected to the corresponding input of the local network, the group of outputs of the microcomputer through the restart unit is connected to the corresponding group of inputs of the block of directions of the restart, p the first group of inputs and outputs of the microcomputer is connected to the group of inputs and outputs of the memory block with long-term storage, the second group of inputs and outputs of the microcomputer is connected to the group of inputs and outputs of the input-output device, the third group of inputs and outputs of the microcomputer through the block of controllers for serial input-output and the block transceivers connected to the second group of inputs and outputs of the low-pass filter unit. In this group of inventions, in the object block of the fire alarm system, containing fire protection lock cables, property protection lock cables, switch block, display unit, code lock, power supply, backup power supply, microcomputers, address block, level control unit, matching unit, resonant amplifier unit, digital signal generator unit, cipher number unit, backup power level unit, controlled divider, mains voltage presence unit, mechanical control unit a lock, and the fire and property protection lock loops are made in the form of a loop group, the switch block is additionally equipped with the switches “Call the police order”, “Call the fire department” and “Call the electrician on duty”, the code lock is made in the form of a group of electronic keys connected to a group of radiation transmitters, and a group of radiation receivers connected to a group of shaper amplifiers, the first group of microcomputer information inputs being connected to a group of fire protection interlock loops, the second group PPA of information inputs to the group of loopback cables for property protection, the third group to the group of outputs of the switch block, the fourth group to the group of outputs of the address block, the fifth group of inputs to the group of outputs of the cipher number block, the sixth group of inputs to the group of outputs of the amplifiers of the code lock drivers , the inputs of the electronic key group of which are connected to the first group of outputs of the microcomputer, the second group of outputs of which is connected to the group of inputs of the display unit, and the third group of outputs - to the group of inputs of the control unit a ram whose output is connected to the input of the matching unit, the input-output of which is connected to the second input-output of the low-pass filter, and the output through the resonant amplifier unit and the digital signal driver unit is connected to the first input of the microcomputer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the network presence unit power supply, the input of which is connected to the input of the power source and the input of the backup power supply, the output of which through the power backup level unit is connected to the third input of the microcomputer, the first output of which is connected to the control unit detecting a mechanical lock, the second - the second input managed divider having a first input coupled to the third output of the microcomputer.

 The interaction of the individual blocks and nodes of the proposed system is presented schematically: figure 1 is a functional diagram of a fire alarm system; figure 2 is a functional diagram of a central monitoring point; figure 3 is a functional diagram of the hub; figure 4 is a functional diagram of the multiplexer; in FIG. 5 is a functional diagram of an object block; figure 6 is a functional diagram of a file control device.

 The system for security and fire alarms (Fig. 1) contains subscriber sets 1, sets of PBX equipment 2, central monitoring stations 3, and each subscriber set 1 contains object blocks 4 and low-pass filters 5. Each set of PBX 2 equipment contains hubs 6, multiplexer 7, local area network PBX 8.

 The central monitoring point 3 (Fig. 2) contains monitoring consoles 9, each of which contains the main 10 and backup II file control devices, the restart direction unit 12, the local network 13, three uninterruptible power supply units 14, duty stations 15, each of which in turn, contains a microcomputer 16, a display 17, a keyboard 18, a local area network controller 19.

 The hub 6 (figure 3) contains active hubs 20, each of which contains a microcomputer 16, a local area network controller 19, a switched power supply 21, a communication unit 22, which in turn contains a block of serial input / output controllers 23, a block of transceivers 24 and block of high-pass filters.

 The multiplexer 7 (Fig. 4) contains a block of restart directions 12, active multiplexers 26, each of which contains a microcomputer 16, a local area network controller 19, a switched power supply 21, communication units 22, an input device 27, a load confirmation indicator 28, a restart 29 .

 Object block 2 (Fig. 5) contains lock loops for property protection 30, lock loops for fire protection 31, control of a mechanical lock 32, microcomputer 33, combination lock 34, a group of amplifiers of the shapers 35, a group of receivers of radiation 36, a block of switches 37, a block addresses 38, back-up power unit 39, back-up power level unit 40, power supply 41, mains voltage supply unit 42, level control unit 43, matching unit 44, controllable divider 45, resonant amplifier unit 46, digital signal conditioning apparatus 47, an indication unit 48, a cipher number unit 49, a group of keys 50, and a group of radiation transmitters 51.

 The file control device 10, 11 (Fig. 6) contains a microcomputer 16, a display 17, a keyboard 18, a local area network controller 19, a block of serial I / O controllers 23, a transceiver unit 24, a restart unit 29, a low-pass filter unit 52, a memory unit with long-term storage 53, an input / output device 54, an alphanumeric printing device 55.

 The proposed fire alarm system operates as follows.

 In the initial state, after turning on the power of any central monitoring station 9 (CMS) from the group of central station monitoring stations 3 via uninterruptible power supply 14, the voltage is supplied to the group of duty stations 15 and to the main 10 and backup 11 file control devices (FCU), microcomputers 16 of which are loaded from their memory blocks with long-term storage 53 functioning programs into their random access memory (RAM) and begin to execute them.

 Programs of workstations of duty guard 16 on a read-only memory (ROM) of their microcomputers and immediately after supplying power to them go into standby mode of dialogue with the main 10 or standby 11 FUU, from which through the local area network 13, the controllers of the local area networks 19 to the display 17 of each of workplace 15, the initial 'menu' for the duty officer is displayed. In the main 18 or standby 19 FUU, through the corresponding input device from the keyboard 64, all the information necessary for the functioning of the system and the duty personnel on the objects on which x installed object blocks 4 from the group of subscriber sets 1. Information about the protected objects consists of the address of the object; codes of keys-tokens of authorized access to the object; necessary information about the persons responsible for installing and disarming the object; location and plan of the object from drawing on the plan of places of installation of sensors for property protection and fire protection, which are assigned serial numbers invisible on duty CRT screens from the numbers of a group of lock loops for property security guard 30 and fire protection 31, which are part of the object block 4 (OB); and information on the types and characteristics of sensors mounted on the corresponding interlock cables; a plan of the area where the facility is located, indicating the optimal access paths to the facility; additional special information about the facility, places and types of OBs and special equipment installed at the facility. All this information is recorded in the memory block with long-term storage 53 of the main 10 FUU and is automatically copied through the local network to the backup 11 FUU, the main FUU prepares the necessary information messages for transmission to the corresponding set of PBX equipment. Initially, the main FUU operates in active mode, and the other in hot standby, this is determined by the sign entered into the corresponding FUU from its keyboard, while the FUU, designated active, immediately sends a command to the second FUU through the local network, ordering it to switch to the hot standby mode. The active FUU operates in a multi-user multitasking mode, which allows it to simultaneously exchange data with groups of sets of equipment 2 automatic telephone exchanges and a group of duty stations (RMD) 15 through the local network 13. In addition, any changes in the information in the memory blocks of the active FUU are automatically copied through the local network 13 to the same blocks of memory FUU hot reserve. Each RMD and FUU has its own unique addresses in the local network, which are determined by the numbers of their local network controllers entered into the FUU.

 The active FUU constantly monitors the operation of the RMD and, if it is violated through the restart direction block 12, makes a forced restart of the failed RMD with the restoration of information at the time of the failure, if the restart attempts are unsuccessful, then the corresponding information is displayed on the active FMU about this RMD. After the initial power-up on both active multiplexers 26 (AM) of the PBX hardware kit, they diagnose their internal nodes using the programs recorded in the ROM of their microcomputers. Diagnostic results are highlighted by short flashes of the corresponding load confirmation indicators 28 located on the front panel of each AM. If the diagnosis was successful, then each AM switches to a poll for the availability of an information medium (for example, a flexible magnetic disk) in its input device. The AM that has detected a storage medium in its input device considers itself active, reads information from the storage medium into its RAM. If the reading was successful, then this AM includes its download confirmation indicator, which also visually identifies it as active in the future. After that, he enters into communication with the corresponding active FUU of the corresponding monitoring station, receives from him the unique addresses of subscribers of the local network of 8 automatic telephone exchanges and through the latter transfers the full copy of his RAM to the second AM with its transfer to the hot standby mode. From this moment, the changes made by the program in the RAM of one of the AMs are automatically made through the local exchange of the automatic telephone exchange in the second one too, and the difference between them is that the active AM starts cyclic polling of the status of its subscribers (including the second AM) and receiving information messages from them, while the AM of the hot reserve only listens to the operation of the active AM in the local network and synchronously receives information. If an active AM stops polling subscribers, then a hot spare AM through a block of restart directions makes a forced restart, goes into active mode, copies its RAM to the second AM and starts polling network subscribers at addresses that were previously transferred to the active AM from the FUU monitoring station. As the power of active concentrators 20 (AK) from the groups of concentrators 6 is turned on, they diagnose their internal nodes using the ROMs of their microcomputers and after that, through the controllers of the local network 19, they respond to their address in the local area network of the PBX and enter into an information connection with the active AM. Active AM analyzes the test diagnostics transmitted from the AK. If they are successful, then through the local area network of the PBX, it loads into the AK the information necessary for its normal operation with the OB connected to it. If the results of the test diagnostics are unsatisfactory, then through the restart direction block 12, the AM connected to it sends a forced restart signal to the failed AK, and reports the incident to the monitoring station on duty, after which the above / described cycle is repeated. If the AK failed to start working after several restarts, a message about a catastrophic failure of this AK is sent to the on-line monitoring station and the AM starts making calls to it much less frequently than to other subscribers of the local exchange of the PBX. Similarly to the above, the restart of previously operating AK and AM hot reserves is performed, in which a failure is detected or communication with them is lost. The exchange of information between the central monitoring station (MCC) and the corresponding AM is as follows. The main 10 and reserve 11 FUU through busy two-wire telephone lines are connected to the main and backup 26 AM, respectively. Both FUU cyclically interrogate a condition of the AM connected to them. If the interviewed AM is correct and has information for the FUU of this monitoring station, then it is transmitted to the interviewing FUU and, conversely, if the active FUU of this monitoring station has information for the AM of this AK PBX, it is transmitted to him. If the AM is faulty or there is no connection with it for a certain time, information about this is entered in the system logs of both FUUs, and the corresponding message and a request to switch activity to the backup FUU are displayed with the sound of the active FUU if the active FUU does not work.

 The active and hot reserve FUU and RMD operate in the local network 13 of the monitoring station, similar to the functioning of the active and hot reserve AM and AK in the set of PBX equipment. This work procedure is organized with the aim of increasing the reliability of the fire alarm system and eliminating the loss of information when transmitting it over dial-up telephone lines and a local communication network.

 All information exchange between AM and FUU is carried out in packaged formats with the necessary controls and confirmations of reliable reception. The address of each loop in lock loop groups 30, 31 OB consists of the loop serial number, OB sequence number in subscriber set 1, serial number of subscriber set 1 in the AK, address of the AK in the PBX local area network, serial number of the PBX equipment set in the fire alarm system alarm, serial number of the monitoring station 9 in the central monitoring station, serial number of the central monitoring station 3. The address of each of the switches in block 37 of the OB switches is determined in a similar way.

 In addition, for each OB, information is added about which feeder and which substation is supplied with a network voltage of 220V 50 Hz to power the OB at the facility. This information is necessary, firstly, to take urgent measures to repair the corresponding networks, and secondly, this eliminates the overload of communication lines between the set of PBX equipment and the monitoring station with non-essential information, since in this case only the emergency feeder number is transmitted to the monitoring station and the number of the substation, and not the numbers of the entire group of objects on which the AC voltage disappeared. In each AM, a table of employment of telephone lines and OB numbers is created programmatically, to which all connected to the PBX equipment sets have access. This was introduced in order to exclude unauthorized occupation of identical OB addresses and their loops by different monitoring stations.

 If at the time of repair of the passive AM a failure occurred on the active AM, then after replacing the active AM its data is restored as follows. At each monitoring station related to a failed set of PBX equipment, through the input / output device 54, all information necessary for this AM from each monitoring station is output to the storage medium. The storage media are sequentially inserted into the input device 27 of one of the included AMs of the PBX hardware kit, which reads them into their RAM, the operation of the AMs was described later on in the text. Each AK in the hubs through busy telephone lines and low-pass filters 5 cyclically polls the status of all OB 4 that are registered with it in RAM. The OB survey is performed sequentially according to the telephone line number in the AK and the OB number on the telephone line. The survey of the newly included OB begins with the lowest rate of information exchange with it. Then, if the percentage of stable communication with OB is normal, AK gives the OB command to switch to a higher exchange rate and so on to that speed at which a given percentage of stable communication is provided. All information about the change in the parameters of stable communication with OBs is transmitted by the AK to AM, and from AM it is sent to the corresponding monitoring station, to the status log of the corresponding OB, which allows you to have constantly up-to-date information about the quality of telephone communication lines and to carry out their prevention or replacement in time. If the quality of communication with the OB is below acceptable even at the lowest speed, the AK sequentially gives the OB command to go to a higher level of the transmitted signal until the connection is stabilized at the maximum permissible signal level. If even at the lowest communication speed and the maximum permissible signal level, the percentage of communication is lower than the permissible, then an emergency message is generated in the corresponding monitoring station about what is happening. If communication with the OB has ceased, and this OB has been armed, then an alarm message, an object plan, and other information required by the duty officer will be displayed on the free RMD display. All OB conditions and actions performed by the duty officer are entered into the journal of this OB. ABOUT 4 is installed directly inside the protected object, and its combination lock (KZ) 34 is on the front door of the protected object. The power source 41 OB is connected to the alternating voltage network of the object. Security and fire detectors are connected to the loopback groups of property and fire protection locks, respectively. The OB input-output is connected by a two-wire communication line to the second input / output of the low-pass filter 5. When placing the OB at the object on its address block 38, it is necessary to set its serial number, which becomes its own unique address in the OB group of the subscriber set, then on the number block cipher 49 sets the number of the cipher by which encryption and decryption of the received and transmitted information from the OB will be performed. The cipher number must match the cipher number recorded in the RAM of the corresponding AK for this OB. After that, turn on the power OB. A single-chip microcomputer OB with built-in ROM and RAM runs a test diagnostic program. If the diagnosis fails for some reason, a fault code will be displayed on display unit 48. When the diagnosis is completed normally, the microcomputer starts executing the initial settings program and sets the minimum information exchange rate on its internal serial transceiver, and the minimum signal code on the level control unit 43. AK works with the same methodology for the first time or is again included in work at the facility. From the output of the block of the presence of mains voltage 42, a signal about its presence or absence is received at the input of the microcomputer, and from the output of the block of the backup power level 40, the signal about the sufficient or maximum acceptable level at the block of the backup power 39 is read out to the input of the microcomputer. test diagnostics are recorded in the status register of the RAM of the microcomputer for transmission to the AK. After the information about the OB is transmitted from the corresponding FUU through the AM to the corresponding AK, this AK starts sending serial messages with the command “Issue Status” and the block number, modulated by the carrier frequency over the telephone line to the group of OBs connected to this communication line. Serial transmission is received simultaneously at the input-output of each OB in this group and through the communication unit 44, which performs transformer matching of the OB with an external communication line, through the block of the resonant amplifier 46, which extracts the signal from the line with a given carrier frequency, through the digital signal generator unit 47, where the low level modulated analog signal is amplified, filtered out from the interference signal, detected and the generated digital signals of units and zeros of a given duration are Tel'nykh parcel coming to the serial input of the transceiver microcomputer ON. Having received the parcel with the command “Issue Status”, the microcomputer reads the address code from address block 38 and compares it with the received OB number code. If the code does not match, then it switches back to the reception mode from the external line. If it matches, then a state OB condition is generated, which from the output of the serial microcomputer transceiver enters the first input of the controlled divider 45, the second input of which receives the reference frequency from the microcomputer. In the controlled divider, the reference carrier frequency is obtained from the reference frequency by dividing, which, after addition to the send signals from the microcomputer through the level control unit 43, which generates the given signal amplitude, through the matching unit 44 enters the external communication line to the input-output of the low-pass filter 5 .

 A low-pass filter is needed to prevent serial signals with a carrier frequency from reaching the telephone. From the low-pass filter through a telephone communication line, the signal enters the corresponding high-pass filter of the high-pass filter group 25 of the corresponding AK. High-pass filters are necessary to prevent signals from the carrier frequency from reaching the PBX devices. From a group of high-pass filters, signals through a group of transceivers 24 and a group of controllers for serial input-output 23 are read into the RAM of the AM microcomputer. The AK microcomputer compares the state received from the OB with its previous state, and if it has changed, then the AK prepares a message that will be transmitted to the active AM through the local network controller 19 and the PBX 8 local network when it next polls this AK. To install the facility under property and fire protection, it is necessary to press the "Control" switch on the 37 OB switch block. The microcomputer OB will perform its internal diagnostics, diagnostics of the code lock (KZ) 34, check whether everything is closed by interrogating the sensors through the lock loops 30, 31, and if something is malfunctioning, the first malfunction code is issued on the display unit 48 OB. After its elimination, the code for the second malfunction, etc., is likewise issued until all malfunctions are eliminated. If everything is in order, then all indicators on OB briefly light up. After that, going out the front door and closing it, the person in charge inserts the key token in the short circuit. The microcomputer OB reads the key code, encrypts it, adds the necessary control bits and places it in its RAM in the group of status registers. After the next polling of the OB state, the corresponding AK OB transmits its state, as described above. Having accepted the status of the interviewed OB, the AK checks the integrity of the received data and, if everything is in order, then reports this to the OB, if not, then the survey is repeated. The token key code read from the OB and the current status code of the OB are compared with the corresponding codes stored in the AK. If in the accepted state the code of unauthorized entry or fire at the protected object is recorded, the time of the received message is recorded and this message is placed on the urgent message stack for the AM, indicating the time, address identifying this OB, to which monitoring station to send the message and the list of triggered sensors numbers.

 If there are no alarm messages, then all other changes in the OB state are pushed onto the current message stack. Next, it is checked whether the code of the received key matches one of the codes of authorized access to this object, if so, then after generating a message about this OB for AM, similar to the one described above, but with the addition of the key code number, information about the security of the OB , and a message is sent to OB. Having received such a message, the OB microcomputer turns on the “Security” indicator on the display unit, and displays a one-time signal of a specified duration on the confirmation indicator, which is built constructively in KZ 34, indicating that the object has been armed. Similar to the above, but with the "Security" indicator off, the operation of disarming the object is performed. The operation of arming and disarming the security system from inside an object is also performed by pressing the “Take” and “Disarm” switches located inside the object. When the “Call police uniform”, “Call fire department”, “Call electrician on duty” switches are pressed, the message is sent to the corresponding monitoring station and, after fixing this message, the latter sends a confirmation message to the corresponding police department. The microcomputer of this OB includes a corresponding indicator of the display unit 48, which confirms the registration of the call. If the indicator “Insufficient level of backup power” blinked at the time of installation of the facility or before that, the message about this will be sent to the corresponding monitoring station, and the OB will not be installed until the backup power unit with a sufficient level is installed. If AC voltage disappears or reappears on OB, a message about this is transmitted to the corresponding monitoring station, and OB, in the absence of AC voltage, goes to power from the backup power supply unit with direct current.

 The proposed fire-alarm system and the object block of the fire-alarm system, using busy telephone lines between the set of ATS equipment and a central monitoring station and a set of ATS equipment and object blocks of a fire-alarm system and an improved system architecture, allow increasing the number of guarded objects to 32000 pieces.

 Hot backup of critical nodes and restart technology in the fire alarm system, as well as automatic adjustment of the system transceivers to the parameters of the corresponding communication lines, can significantly improve the reliability of the system as a whole. The use of encrypted digital signals in the system when transmitting messages, as well as an optoelectronic system for reading the code from the key token in the code lock, can improve the imitability of the system as a whole. In addition, the system provides the ability to call the police squad, fire brigade and electrician on duty from non-telephone facilities. The proposed object block has the ability to monitor the current state of the group of independent security and fire alarm loops, which allows you to accurately determine the location and cause of the alarm and the type of alarm (for example) penetration through a window, door or wall and in which room, the criminal’s movement inside the guarded object, attempt disarm the lost key or key "master key", the place of ignition and the further spread of the fire in the premises), moreover, the signal about fire or penetration except the department outside omstvennoy protection goes directly to the appropriate police department and the fire department, which speeds up the procedure for adoption of the necessary measures. In addition, the proposed architecture of the system allows two-way exchange between its subjects, which significantly increases the information content, controllability and diagnosability of the system as a whole.

 The proposed system has a high information content about each guarded object and its software and technical subjects, and also allows you to store and quickly present to the duty officer a detailed plan diagram of the object indicating the location of the sensors and their condition, locations of special equipment, the location plan object and optimal routes of movement of operational groups.

Claims (4)

 1. A fire alarm system containing a group of subscriber sets, each of which is made in the form of an objective unit and a low-pass filter, connected to the input of the corresponding concentrator of a group of concentrators of the corresponding set of ATS equipment, characterized in that it additionally contains two points for centralized monitoring of the department police and fire department, and each point of centralized monitoring is made in the form of a group of monitoring panels, each of which contains mainly e and backup file control devices, a restart direction block, a local network, three uninterruptible power supply units, a group of duty stations, the inputs and outputs of which are connected through the local network to the inputs and outputs of the main and backup file control devices, the output group of each of which is connected to the first and second groups of inputs of the restart direction block, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input of the main and backup file control devices, the group of outputs is connected and accordingly, to the entrances of the group of duty stations on duty, and each set of PBX equipment additionally contains a local PBX network and a multiplexer, each hub of the PBX equipment is made in the form of a group of active hubs, each of which contains a microcomputer, a local area network controller, a switched power supply unit and a communication unit consisting of a block of transceivers and a block of controllers of serial input-output, the first group of inputs and outputs of which through the first and second groups of inputs and outputs of a block of transceiver s is connected to the first group of inputs and outputs of the high-pass filter unit, and the second group of inputs and outputs of the serial I / O controller unit is connected to the group of input / outputs of the microcomputer, the input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the LAN controller, the second input is the output of which through the PBX local area network is connected to the first and second inputs / outputs of the multiplexer, made in the form of a block of restart directions and two active multiplexers, each of which contains a switched power supply, in the input, the local network controller, the boot confirmation indicator, the microcomputer, the restart unit and three communication units, the inputs and outputs of the local network controller and the first inputs and outputs of the communication units being connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the microcomputer, the first input of the microcomputer connected to the output of the input device , the second input is with the output of the restart direction block, and the output of the microcomputer is connected to the input of the load confirmation indicator, the group of outputs of the first active multiplexer is connected through the restart block to the first group of inputs of the block n restart directions, the second group of inputs of which is connected to the group of outputs of the second active multiplexer, and each input-output of the second group of inputs and outputs of the first communication unit of the first and second active multiplexers of each set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input-output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the filter unit low frequencies of the main and backup file control devices of the group of monitoring panels of the central monitoring point of the property protection department, and each input-output of the second group the inputs and outputs of the second communication unit of the first and second active multiplexers of each set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input-output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the low-pass filter unit of the main and backup file control devices of the monitoring station group of the central monitoring station of the police department, and each input and output the second group of inputs and outputs of the third communication unit of the first and second active multiplexers of each set of PBX equipment is connected to the corresponding input-output of the first group of inputs and outputs of the low-pass filter unit of the main and backup file control devices of the group of monitoring panels of the central monitoring point of the fire department, while the corresponding inputs and outputs of the high-pass filter unit of each active concentrator of the concentrator group of each set of PBX equipment are connected to busy telephone lines the first inputs and outputs of the low-pass filters of the corresponding subscriber sets, each of which is made in the form of a group of object units s security and fire alarm systems, inputs and outputs of which are connected in parallel to the second input-output of the low pass filter subscriber set.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each duty station duty station contains a local area network controller, a display, a keyboard and a microcomputer, the first input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the output group of the restart direction block, the second input is with the keyboard output, the output is with display input, input-output through the LAN controller is connected to the corresponding input / output of the local network.  3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a transceiver unit, a display, a keyboard, a local area network controller, a low-pass filter unit, a serial I / O controller unit, a restart unit, a memory unit with long-term storage are introduced into each file control device input / output device, alphanumeric printing device, microcomputer, the input of which is connected to the keyboard output, the first output of the microcomputer with the display input, the second microcomputer output with the input of the alphanumeric printing device, input-output One microcomputer through a LAN controller is connected to the corresponding input of the local network, the group of microcomputer outputs through the restart unit is connected to the corresponding group of inputs of the restart direction block, the first group of microcomputer inputs and outputs is connected to the group of inputs and outputs of the memory unit with long-term storage, the second group of inputs is the outputs of the microcomputer is connected to the group of inputs and outputs of the input-output device, the third group of inputs and outputs of the microcomputer through the block of controllers for serial input-output and the block of transceiver Cove connected to a second group of inputs-outputs of the low pass filter unit.  4. The object block of the fire alarm system, containing fire protection lock cables, property protection lock cables, switch block, display units, code lock, power supply, backup power supply unit, characterized in that it additionally contains a microcomputer, address block, block level control, matching unit, resonant amplifier unit, digital signal driver unit, cipher number unit, backup power level unit, controlled divider, mains voltage presence unit, control unit a mechanical lock, and the fire and property protection interlock loops are made in the form of a loop group, the switch block is additionally equipped with the switches “Call police uniform”, “Call fire department”, “Call electrician on duty”, the code lock is made in the form of a group of electronic keys connected with a group of radiation transmitters, and a group of radiation receivers connected to a group of shaper amplifiers, and the first group of microcomputer information inputs is connected to a group of fire protection lock cables , the second group of information inputs - to the group of loopbacks for property protection, the third group - to the group of outputs of the switch block, the fourth group - to the group of outputs of the address block, the fifth group of inputs - to the group of outputs of the cipher number block, the sixth group of inputs - to the group of outputs of amplifiers -formers of the code lock, the inputs of the electronic key group of which are connected to the first group of outputs of the microcomputer, the second group of outputs of which is connected to the group of inputs of the display unit, and the third group of outputs - to the group of inputs of the block level control, the output of which is connected to the input of the matching unit, the input-output of which is connected to the second input-output of the low-pass filter, and the output through the resonant amplifier unit and the digital signal driver unit is connected to the first input of the microcomputer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the presence unit mains supply, the input of which is connected to the input of the power source and the input of the backup power supply, the output of which is connected through the level power backup unit to the third input of the microcomputer, the first output of which is connected to a mechanical lock control unit, the second with a second input of a controlled divider, the first input of which is connected to the third output of the microcomputer.

Images