RU2170405C1 - Recoilless rifle for firing by guided missiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment. SUBSTANCE: the recoilless rifle has a barrel-container with a high-pressure chamber with a powder charge and front and rear nozzle units secured in it on radial pylons in a spaced relation, installed from the rear end of the barrel is a deflector of the powder gas jet, closing the gap between the barrel- container and the high-pressure chamber. The deflector is made in the form of a thin-walled taper ring secured in the barrel, whose generatrix makes up acute angle α with the plane of the end of the rear nozzle unit, and its smaller base is located inside the barrel-container between the end of the rear nozzle unit and the end of the barrel-container. EFFECT: reduced danger area behind the rifle caused by the jet of flowing-out powder gases. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used in recoilless guns (barrel-containers) to launch guided missiles.

 Known recoilless guns, in which a barrel propulsion system is placed in the barrel, made in the form of a perforated sleeve with a powder charge (1). In this design, the lateral surface of the liner has a large number of small holes providing for the combustion of the powder charge in the liner at high pressure. An annular chamber is formed in the barrel along the periphery of the side walls of the liner, into which powder gases flow from the liner. A shell is rolled in a sleeve. The failure of the gun when firing is ensured by the reactive power of the flowing gases through the nozzle in the bottom of the chamber.

 The disadvantage of the described design recoilless guns is the instability of the dynamic balance of the gun (barrel-container), which is not allowed when shooting directly from the hands of the shooter.

 To a large extent, this drawback was eliminated in the design of the recoilless gun, taken as a prototype and made in the form of a barrel-container with a high-pressure chamber with a powder charge fixed to it with a gap on radial pylons (2). This high pressure chamber contains front and rear nozzle blocks. The projectile is pushed out of the container barrel by the pressure of the powder gases flowing out through the front nozzle block, and the recoil force is compensated by the reactive force that occurs when the powder gases flow through the rear nozzle block and the gap between the container barrel and the side wall of the high pressure chamber.

 The main disadvantage of the recoilless gun design described above is the presence of a significant danger zone behind the gun due to the outflow of a high-speed, high-temperature jet of powder gases from the breech. So, for a caliber of 120 mm, this dangerous zone for a man reaches more than 10 m. Such a dangerous zone reduces the possibility of using recoilless guns in combat formations of troops.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce the danger zone behind the gun caused by a stream of expiring powder gases.

 To solve this problem, in a recoilless gun for firing guided projectiles containing a barrel-container with a pressure chamber with a powder charge fixed to it with a clearance on radial pylons, with front and rear nozzle blocks, a reflector of a stream of powder gases is installed, covering the gap between the barrel - container and high-pressure chamber, made in the form of a thin-walled conical ring fixed in the barrel-container, the generatrix of which is an acute angle with the plane of the end face of the rear nozzle block ka, and its smaller base disposed within the container between the barrel rear end and the nozzle block end of the barrel-container.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of recoilless guns in section. The barrel container 1 contains a widened breech 2 with bevels 3, where a high-pressure chamber 5 with a front 6 and rear 7 nozzle blocks and a powder charge 8 is placed on radial pylons 4. Between the inner widened part of the container barrel and the outer surface of the high-pressure chamber the gap 9, covered by a reflector 10, mounted in the barrel of the container with a union nut 11. The generatrix of the conical ring makes an acute angle α with the plane of the end face of the rear nozzle block, its smaller base is located inside the barrel a teiner between the end face of the rear nozzle block and the end face of the container barrel.

 The operation of the described construction is as follows.

 During the combustion of the powder charge 8 in the high-pressure chamber, the powder gases flow both through the nozzles of the front nozzle block 6 towards the projectile space and through the nozzles of the rear nozzle block 7, creating a reactive force that neutralizes the recoil force. Powder gases from the projectile space create a flowing gas stream from the nozzle formed by the widened inner surface 2 of the container barrel and the outer surface of the high-pressure chamber 5, which is directed by the reflector 10 at an acute angle α to the side of the gas stream flowing from the nozzles of the rear nozzle block 7. When This ensures mixing of the jets and their turbulation inside the container barrel, which leads to a sharp decrease in the linear velocity of the jet of powder gases and, in turn, leads to a decrease in the length of the dangerous us and expands the possibility of using recoilless guns. The force acting on the reflector is compensated by the force acting on the front bevels 3 of the widened part of the container barrel.

 A side positive effect of reducing the speed of a gas stream is also a significant decrease in the power of sound impact during a shot, which has a significant effect on the shooter.

 Considering that the magnitude of the danger zone of a gas stream and the power of a sonic boom are the dominant factors determining the use of recoilless guns when firing guided projectiles, the resulting decrease in these parameters is quite significant.

Sources of information
1. Serebryakov M.E. "Internal ballistics of barrel systems and powder rockets", State scientific and technical publishing house "Oborongiz", Moscow, 1962, p. 672, fig. 12.5 - analogue.

 2. Swedish patent N 216976 from 06.22.65, cl. 72 e 8/05 (F 41 F 3/02), publ. in the magazine "Armament", 1968, N 14, p. 4 - prototype.

Claims (1)

 A recoilless gun for firing guided projectiles containing a barrel-container with a high-pressure chamber with a powder charge and a front and rear nozzle blocks fixed to it with a clearance on radial pylons, characterized in that a powder gas jet reflector is installed from the rear end of the container barrel, covering the gap between the barrel of the container and the high-pressure chamber, made in the form of a thin-walled conical ring fixed in the barrel of the container, the generatrix of which is an acute angle with the plane ü end of the rear nozzle block, and its smaller base is located inside the container barrel between the end of the rear nozzle block and the end of the container barrel.