RU2166169C2 - Shaped-charge ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shaped-charge ammunition used for fire from smoothbore weapon and used as a charge of pyrotechnic devices of various standard size with the aim of piercing of easily pierced targets. SUBSTANCE: ammunition has a cylindrical shell at least with one band, whose diameter exceeds outside diameter d₁ of the shell and equals standard caliber d of the cartridge (round) for smoothbore weapon. The shell accommodates the shaped charge and means for its initiation. Installed on the opposite side of the shell is the removable nose fairing (as a modification - with a contact instantaneous fuze). The specific feature of the ammunition is the fact that diameter d₁ also corresponds to the standard caliber of the ammunition for smoothbore weapon, in particular, hand-guns. It fits for use in cartridges (rounds) of smoothbore weapon of caliber d and in pyrotechnic devices with seats of calibers d and d₁. EFFECT: enhanced operating characteristics of the ammunition. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to ammunition with a cumulative charge and is intended mainly as an ultra-small cumulative ammunition (SKB) for smooth-bore guns, carbines and pistols and, at the same time, as cumulative charges of pyrotechnic cumulative devices.

 Cumulative ammunition of large, medium and small caliber, as well as super-caliber cumulative ammunition are known, one of whose diameters corresponds to the standard caliber d (Artillery armament. Fundamentals of design and construction: Textbook for high schools / Ed. By II Zhukov. - M .: Engineering, 1975.- S. 43 - 44, 54 - 55; Foreign Military Review, 1978, N 6. - S. 33-37).

 A disadvantage of the known cumulative ammunition of these calibers is the inappropriateness of their use for lightly armored targets, in particular manpower in bulletproof vests, and even more so for hunting needs (unless it is a dinosaur hunt). However, they are generally not suitable for use as ammunition for smooth-bore handguns of caliber up to 30 mm. And over-caliber ammunition, due to the difference in the diameter of the grenade itself and the caliber of the cartridge for it, exclude the possibility of cartridge loading (ammunition as a whole from the breech), reduce the possibility of increasing the rate of fire and automate shooting, and have other disadvantages.

 Cumulative pyrotechnic devices are also known, containing a mounting device with sockets and removable charges placed in them, as well as means for simultaneously triggering (initiating) charges (SU 4875413 A, 10.24.89, Mcl F 42 B 1/02). It can be used to break through armored and other obstacles in contact with them.

 Their disadvantage is the use of special charges, the diameters of which (and the diameter of the sockets of the mounting fixture) do not match the standard caliber of ammunition for smooth-bore weapons, in particular cartridges for smooth-bore guns, carbines and pistols. This reduces the level of unification.

 The closest adopted for the prototype is a cumulative munition containing a cylindrical shell with a caliber belt, the diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the cylindrical shell and is equal to the standard caliber d of the cartridge (shot) for smooth-bore weapons, with a cumulative charge placed in it and means of initiating it, and also a caliber wad-container, covering the shell (RU 2110753 C1, M.cl. F 42 B 7/10, 12/10, 1998, Bull. N 13).

 In it, a cylindrical shell is made with an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the wad-container mating with the shell.

 However, this munition has a drawback associated with the possibility of using (along with use complete with smoothbore weapons) in pyrotechnic devices. The essence of this drawback is in a narrow range of unification: from a possible family of pyrotechnic devices with caliber sockets, only one standard size can be equipped with the proposed ammunition - with nests with a diameter of caliber d (and only with a wad-container).

 The problem to which this invention is directed is to expand the technical and operational capabilities (expand the range of unification) of cumulative ammunition both when it is used for firing smooth-bore weapons and when pyrotechnic devices are used as charges.

A cumulative munition containing a cylindrical shell with at least one caliber belt, the diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the shell and is equal to the standard caliber d of the cartridge (shot) for smooth-bore weapons, with a cumulative charge and means of initiating it, and a caliber wad-container, covering the shell, characterized in that the cylindrical shell is made with an outer diameter equal to the standard caliber d ₁ cartridge (shot) for smooth-bore weapons.

Due to the implementation of both diameters - the girdle and the cylindrical shell - gauge provides the possibility of using the proposed ammunition in pyrotechnic devices of two sizes: with diameters of sockets d and d ₁ . At the same time, the suitability of these pyrotechnic devices for other ammunition of caliber d ₁ is maintained.

 Among the detected analogues there are no devices whose combination of essential features would coincide with the claimed combination and which would provide a solution to the problem. This leads to the novelty of the proposed technical solution.

In FIG. 1 shows an example of a device of cumulative ammunition with a part-fairing and wad-container removed, a side view in section;
in FIG. 2, 3 - cumulative ammunition in the nests of pyrotechnic devices of various sizes.

 The claimed object is as follows.

The cumulative ammunition contains (see Fig. 1) a cylindrical shell 1 with a diameter d ₁ with a girdle 2 of large diameter d, a wad-container 3 with an outer diameter d and an inner diameter d ₁ for interfacing with the shell 1 and a removable fairing head 4 with a contact instant fuse 5 (as in the prototype) or without it (in the case of a bottom inertial fuse). The diameter of part 4 does not exceed the value of d. To install part 4 on the shell 1, for example, a threaded connection 6. For example, a cumulative charge 7, part of the means for initiating it, including the bottom part of the fuse 8 (initiating and detonating charges) and safety means are coaxially integrated in the shell.

Diameters d and d ₁ correspond to the standard calibers of ammunition for smooth-bore weapons (in particular, cartridges for smooth-bore guns, carbines and pistols).

For example, for hunting rifles this may be: d corresponds to the twelfth caliber (18.4 mm), d ₁ to the twentieth (15.4 mm).

If the diameter difference dd ₁ exceeds twice the wall thickness of the cylindrical part of the standard wad-container 3, it is possible either to use a non-standard wad with a thicker wall (as it is cheaper to manufacture the product in comparison with the rest of the kit) or to place the shell 1 in the wad-container 3 with its preliminary wrapping with a film (for example, fluoroplastic) of the corresponding thickness.

It is intended to use ammunition either for firing from smooth-bore weapons of caliber d, or to equip a pyrotechnic device (for example, a tape) 9 with sockets 10 with a diameter of d ₁ and a depth of at least l ₁ for interfacing with the shell 1 (see Fig. 2) or a pyrotechnic device 11 with sockets 12 of diameter d and depth not less than l for interfacing with the shell 1 in the container 3.

 In a pyrotechnic device, the ammunition is used, as a rule, with the removed fairing part 4.

 There are other options for a specific design of the cumulative ammunition in the framework of the claimed combination of essential features.

 The proposed object works as follows.

 For firing from a smooth-bore hunting or combat weapon, the ammunition (with part 4 and the wad-container 3) complete with the remaining elements of the cartridge or shot (sleeve, primer, propellant charge, obturation) is loaded from the breech of the weapon and fired in the usual way . After departure from the barrel, the wad container 3 is separated from the shell 1. The last with the fairing part 4 continues the flight until it encounters an obstacle, where the ammunition is triggered and penetrates the obstacle using the cumulative effect.

When using ammunition in a pyrotechnic device 9 with sockets 10 with a diameter of d _1, it is inserted into the socket 10 without the fairing part 4 and the wad-container 3.

It should be borne in mind that such a pyrotechnic device can be equipped with ammunition of caliber d ₁ .

When using ammunition in a pyrotechnic device 11 with a large diameter of sockets 12 (d> d ₁ ), it is inserted into socket 12 without a fairing part 4, but with a wad-container 3.

 It should also be borne in mind that such a pyrotechnic device can also be equipped with containerless ammunition with a diameter (caliber) d.

 Bringing ammunition into action in any of the pyrotechnic devices 9, 11 is carried out in the usual way - by initiating bottom parts (bottom fuses) 8 specials. means that are part of the pyrotechnic devices and are located on the back of the nests 10, 12. Synchronous actuation of charges in the pyrotechnic device installed directly on the barrier causes a breach in it of a given configuration.

 Thus, the proposed facility allows you to expand technical and operational capabilities (to increase the level of unification and efficiency).

Claims (1)

A cumulative munition containing a cylindrical shell with at least one caliber belt, the diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the shell and is equal to the standard caliber d of the cartridge (shot) for a smooth-bore weapon, with a cumulative charge placed in it and means of its initiation, as well as a caliber wad -container covering the shell, characterized in that the cylindrical shell is made with an outer diameter equal to the standard caliber d ₁ cartridge (shot) for smooth-bore weapons.

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