RU2162585C1 - Method for shot making - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: means for throwing or starting of shots from barrels, applicable for shot making from a weapon with a high rate of fire. SUBSTANCE: at a shot making the shot is fed to the chamber, explosive is introduced to the above-piston cavity and ignited. Shot loading is accomplished through the loading window, and the shot is fed to the chamber by a hollow rod, which is a component part of the piston. Explosive combustion products are fed through the hollow piston and act on the shot after the hollow rods shuts off the loading opening, and the above-piston cavity gets connected to the chamber through the hollow rod. EFFECT: enhanced rate of fire. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to means for throwing or launching shells from trunks and can be used to produce a shot from rapid-fire weapons, in particular small arms and artillery on moving military objects (ships, armored personnel carriers, tanks, aircraft) and on any fixed stationary objects.

 Kalashnikov assault rifles are widely known, having a barrel with a chamber, a movable shutter for locking the chamber, a window for loading a cartridge and a window for ejecting a cartridge case after a shot. To produce a shot, the cartridge is fed from the magazine into the chamber when the shutter moves, the chamber is locked by the shutter, and the explosive is ignited by the impact of the hammer on the capsule. Under the influence of the combustion products of the explosive, the bullet flies out of the barrel, and the bolt moves back, while the sleeve is removed from the barrel chamber.

 The main disadvantages of this method of firing a shot are the inability to adjust the rate of fire in the automatic firing mode, which is completely determined by the mass of the bolt, its course from the effects of the products of combustion of the explosive, and the strength of all parts of the weapon that absorb shock loads during recoil.

 The same shortcomings are manifested in the production of shots from artillery mounts and anti-aircraft guns. In addition, the increased mass of shells requires an increase in the physical load of the calculation, complicates the delivery of shells, and decreases the rate of fire.

 A known method of firing a shot, including loading the projectile, feeding it into the chamber, introducing explosive into the piston cavity of the cylinder, igniting the explosive and the effects of combustion products before the projectile leaves the barrel. This method is described in patent FR 2114573 A, cl. F 41 F 1/00, 06/30/1972.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low rate of fire, the lack of the ability to adjust it.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the rate of fire, as well as the possibility of its adjustment.

 The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of firing a shot, including loading the projectile, feeding it into the chamber, introducing explosive into the piston cavity of the cylinder, igniting the explosive and exposing the products of combustion of the explosive before the projectile leaves the barrel, according to the invention, the projectile is loaded through the loading window in the breech, the projectile is delivered to the chamber by a hollow rod, which equips the piston, the products of combustion of the explosive are fed through the floor second piston and is carried on the projectile after impact overlap hollow rod loading gate and the cavity above the piston compound with cartridge chamber through the hollow rod.

 The rate of fire of the weapon is regulated by a spring returning the piston to its original position.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a device for implementing the method:
The gun contains a barrel 1 with a chamber 2, magazine 3, which is not mechanically connected to the barrel 1, however, under certain conditions, this connection can be made. The breech 4 has two windows 5 and 6, one of which 5 is boot for loading the projectile 7, and the other has a window 6 for the output of the control stop 8. On the breech 4 is fixed a cylinder 9 with a piston 10 and a hollow rod 11, which is movably connected with breech 4. The piston 10 is equipped with stops to limit its movement in the cylinder 9. The stop 8 is connected to the rod 12 and with an adjustable spring 13. The rod 11 controls the loading of explosive into the over-piston cavity A. There is a pump with two check valves 14 and 15, which allow discrete feed explosive from the container 16 into the over-piston cavity A. A stop 17 is installed in the cylinder 10, which is interfaced with the inner surface of the hollow rod 11 and overlaps the over-piston cavity A until the window 5 is blocked when the rod 5 moves under the action of the pressure of the products of combustion of the explosive, the ignition of which is carried out from the electric circuit 18 when the movable contact 19 is connected with the stop 8. The circuit 18 is closed when the piston 10 moves at the end of its stroke. The electrical circuit 18 and all the lines are flexible to eliminate shock loads on them during recoil. To start the gun there is a contact 20 in the electrical circuit 18.

 The production of the shot is as follows.

 The explosive is fed into the above-piston cavity A, the emphasis 8 is pushed forward, overcoming the force of the spring 13. The magazine 3 is previously disconnected or the first shell 7 is clamped, preventing it from leaving the magazine 3. Contact 20 is turned on, the explosive is ignited and an empty shot is fired. In this case, the piston 10 moves to the right (see drawing), and the rod 11 overlaps the loading window 5, after which the rod 11 leaves the interface with the stop 17 and the combustion products under pressure exit through the hollow rod, chamber 2 and barrel 1 into the atmosphere. The return of the piston is made by an adjustable spring 13.

 The speed of the shots is regulated in the idle position. The spring 13 may be equipped with a rate of fire rate. The spring 13 receives the force from the piston 10 and the rod 11 and this force ceases to act after connecting the above-piston cavity A to the breech 4 and the combustion products exit through the chamber 2 and the barrel 1.

 After setting the rate of fire, live combat is performed. For this, the projectile 7 is released and it, under its own weight, moves through the loading window 5 to the breech part 4. Further, all actions are similar to the above. Only after ignition, the products of combustion of the explosive from the over-piston cavity A through the hollow rod 11 exit to the chamber 2, where the projectile 7 is placed, and it flies out of the barrel under their pressure 1. A combat shot occurs.

 The best option is to use a method using a shellless shell, because less shell weight, less piston stroke, higher rate of fire. It is possible to use a shell with a sleeve, but without a collar or any other, up to a rocket. When using a rocket, the latter should have a cylindrical nozzle on the nozzles and half rings on the cylindrical part of the body. Half rings and nozzles after departure from the trunk are disconnected.

 The gun barrel can be either rifled or smooth depending on the type of projectile.

 Physical processes in a cylinder with a piston fully correspond to the diesel cycle and reach 100 strokes per second, and from here the rate of fire will be up to 100 rounds per second.

 The explosive may be any, but most preferably in liquid form, for example, in the form of an oil product.

 The influence of the moving masses is insignificant; they do not participate in creating the effort of bestowal. Only at the initial moment after the ignition of the explosive there is an increased pressure on the piston, which drops sharply after the connection of the over-piston cavity with the chamber. The design of the gun is simplified due to the absence of an impactor, locking bolts, the supra-piston cavity does not communicate with pollution sources. The heat sink can be produced in the same way as in internal combustion engines.

 The adjustment of the force to return the piston to its original position can also be done due to the combustion products supplied to the piston cavity by an adjustable throttle.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of firing a shot, including loading the projectile, feeding it into the chamber, introducing explosive into the piston cavity of the cylinder, firing the explosive and exposing the combustion products to the projectile from the barrel, characterized in that the projectile is loaded through the loading window in the breech section, the projectile is fed into the chamber by a hollow rod, which equips the piston, the products of the explosive combustion are fed through the hollow piston and they act on the projectile after overlapping the hollow the stock of the loading window and the connection of the nadporshnevy cavity with the chamber through the hollow stock  2. The method of producing a shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the rate of fire of the weapon is controlled by a spring returning the piston to its original position.