RU2035225C1 - Method for production of wheat flour - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: flour production. SUBSTANCE: method involves cleaning grain of trash, moistening it to 15.5-16.5% , softening, ad stage-by-stage grinding on braking systems. Crushing at the first stage is carried out at the rate of 800-850 kg/cm per day and at the roll gap ensuring extraction of the product passing through No.1 sieve in the amount of 510-60% of the mass of grain directed onto this system. The products extracted and mixed from in the first and second breaking systems have a particle size of 438-156 microns. They are jointly sifted, separating the fraction of small grits an dunst 438-220 microns in size. Grits and dunst are milled in one stage without the use of shock-attrition machines. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the milling industry, in particular to methods for the production of flour for bread products.

A known method for the production of wheat flour with a yield of 85%. The method involves crushing grain on five torn systems, a shortened enrichment process and grinding process [1]
However, the result is only flour of the 2nd grade.

The closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result is a method for the production of wheat flour, which involves preparing grain for grinding by cleaning it from impurities, moistening and smoothing, stage-by-stage crushing on torn systems, extraction and sorting of crushed products with the release of small grains and dunsts, grinding grains, two-stage grinding of grains and dunsts into flour and the formation of a variety of flour from separate streams [2]
In the known method, the grain is subjected to three times wetting up to 16.8-17% with curing for 8-10 hours. Then the grain is fed to the first tear system with a load regime of 700-750 kg / cm per day with the extraction of products in the amount of 32-35% from the mass of grain supplied to this system. Crushing is carried out on three tattered croup-forming and two grinding systems. In total, 62-63% of cereals and dunsts and 15-16% of flour are extracted from these systems. Then the products are sorted on sieves with the extraction of mainly small grains and dunsts with particle sizes of 350-280 microns.

 After that, small grains and dunst without enrichment are sent to the first grinding system. The grinding is carried out sequentially in two stages on a roller mill with the extraction of flour of 45-50% and on machines of shock-abrasive action with the extraction of 20-25% Next, on four to eight grinding systems, the remaining particles of the endosperm are milled and the intermediate products of the second quality are milled.

 Production includes five torn, three grinding, eight grinding and one gathering system. There is no enrichment on sieve machines.

The result is 1 grade flour with a yield of up to 85%
The disadvantage of this method is the irrational use of grain and equipment. In a hot climate, it is practically impossible to moisten the grain to 16.8-17%. And the desire to get a larger number of crushed products of large and medium sizes for grinding on roller machines of grinding systems, then grinding systems and machines of shock-abrasive action (entoliters) leads to the mixing of endosperm with shells, abrasion of the shells and deterioration of the quality of the flour. The specified extraction on entolators of 20-25% is not achieved, which leads to a decrease in the yield of flour.

 The aim of the invention is the production of flour, similar in its characteristics to flour of the first grade, but with improved nutritional properties, increasing the yield of flour with a simultaneous increase in productivity.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a method for the production of wheat flour, which includes preparing grain for grinding by cleaning it from impurities, moisturizing and tearing off, stage-by-stage crushing on the first, second and subsequent tattered systems, sorting of crushed products with the release of small grains and duns, grinding of grains , grinding grains and dunsts into flour and forming a grade of flour, moisten the grain to 15.5-16.5%; crushing on the first torn system is carried out at a load mode of 800-850 kg / cm per day and the size of the gap between the rollers, providing extraction the product passing through a sieve No. 1, in an amount of 50-60% of the mass of grain sent to this system, when sorting mix crushed products with particle sizes of 438-156 μm from the first and second tattered systems and carry out their joint sieving, while a fraction of small grains and dunsts with a particle size of 438-420 microns is isolated, and grinding of grit and dunsts is carried out in one step.

 The method is illustrated by the following example (drawing).

A grinding mixture is formed from commodity lots of wheat, which is cleaned of insufficiently developed grains, weeds, mineral impurities and metallomagnetic impurities. Then they clean the grain surface from fragile and most contaminated shells, moisturize to 15.5-16.5% and smooth off. The content of weed impurities in the grain is not more than 0.4%
The grain is sent to the first flawed system, where the load mode is set to 800-850 kg / cm per day, and the gap between the rollers is set taking into account the linear dimensions of the processed grain, and the required degree of crushing (controlled by laboratory sieving, or by automatic flow meters). The size of the gap is adjusted, and then fixed so as to ensure the extraction of the product passing through a sieve No. 1 in an amount of 50-60% of the mass of the product passing through the first tattered system.

 The two largest fractions (first and second descent) from the first torn system, separated after sieving, are sent to the second tattered system of the first crushing stage. The crushing mode is set so as to obtain a 55% fraction with a particle size of 438-220 microns from the mass of the product sent for grinding.

 A crushing mode is also set on the third torn system to obtain 55% of the product.

 The first crushing stage includes four torn systems in series, of which the second, third and fourth are divided into subsystems, while the largest fractions obtained by sorting the products of grinding of the previous system (upper gathering) are sent to each subsequent tattered system.

 A fraction of endosperm particles with shells, which in linear dimensions and quality indicators does not meet the requirements for flour, is mainly sent to the grinding systems of torn process.

 This stage is carried out on grinding machines with a peripheral speed of 11 m / s.

 Grinding products on torn systems are sorted by particle size in two stages on the main and special sorting systems, and after the first and second torn systems on a common sorting system. For this, the crushed products from the first and second tattered systems with particle sizes of 438-156 μm are mixed and sieved together to isolate a fraction of fine grains and dunsts with particle sizes of 438-220 μm.

 As a result of crushing on torn systems, 86% of the mass of grain intended for grinding is obtained. After sorting, up to 20% of fractions with a particle size of 156-220 microns are isolated.

 A mixture of fractions from the first third tattered systems with particle sizes of 450-220 microns that do not require enrichment, after sorting, is subjected to repeated crushing with a specific load on the rollers (with the location of the back-to-back ribs) 230-270 kg / cm per day, with the ratio peripheral speeds of the rolls 2.5 and speeds of the rapidly rotating drum 6.0 m / s.

 After sorting, the middle grits from the first third tattered systems are sent to grinding for enrichment, and then the fine grits are obtained by grinding systems.

 Grinding is carried out separately for products of different quality in one stage.

 As a result of sorting the products of grinding after grinding, 65% of the products, characterized by sizes of 156-220 microns, are obtained.

 The whole process is carried out on four tattered, one grinding, seven grinding and one gathering systems in the absence of enrichment on sieve machines and crushing on shock-abrasive machines.

 Milling is carried out on grinding machines with a ratio of the roller line of tattered and grinding grinding systems 1: 1.2.

 EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of grain use due to the reduction of frayed, "chewed" shells in flour, a more distinct separation of endosperm from shell products. The nutritional properties of such flour are close to the properties of flour obtained at home and called "Zhaidar-uni" in Central Asia.

 At the same time, the yield of flour in comparison with the yield of flour of similar grade I quality increases from 75 to 82% and productivity increases by 30%

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLOUR FROM WHEAT, including preparing grain for grinding by cleaning it from impurities, moistening and smoothing, stage-by-stage crushing on the first, second and subsequent tattered systems, extraction and sorting of crushed products with the separation of a fraction of small grains and duns, grinding grains, grinding grains and dunsts into flour and the formation of a variety of flour, characterized in that they moisten the grain to 15.5 16.5%; crushing on the first torn system is carried out at a load mode of 800 850 kg / cm per day and the size of the gap between the rollers, ensuring which extracts the product passing through a No. 1 sieve in an amount of 50-60% of the mass of grain sent to this system, when sorting, the crushed products with particle sizes of 438 156 microns are mixed from the first and second tattered systems and sifted together; fraction of small grains and dunsts with particle sizes of 438 220 microns, and grinding of grains and dunsts is carried out in one stage.

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