RU2035190C1 - Method of viral disease prevention in agriculture animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary. SUBSTANCE: 0.22-0.4% formalin solution is prepared (as 40% formaldehyde) which is administrated intramuscularly (2-6 ml per head), 3-4 h before vaccination. Preparation is administrated 16-20 days before genera to pregnant animals, and to young stock - at the age 10-60 days. EFFECT: increased effectiveness of method. 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to methods for preventing infectious diseases of animals (transmission gastroenteritis, classical swine fever and other viral diseases).

 A known method of preventing infectious diseases in sheep by administering monovalent vaccines ("Veterinary law", 1972, M. T. 1. S. 570-586).

 However, this method does not create sufficient tension of the immune system, it requires a lot of time for vaccination. In addition, the method does not change the background of bacterial carriage or virus carriage in animals.

 There is also a method of preventing infectious diseases [1] by immunization with a live vaccine obtained from the kidney, lung, ovary or other tissues of pigs. Either pregnant sows are vaccinated twice orally for 5 and 3 weeks before giving birth and a third time intramuscularly one week before farrowing, or piglets at 1-7 days of age.

 However, the introduction of a live vaccine does not take into account the natural background of animal virus carrier in dysfunctional farms, increases the number of live pathogens in the pigs.

 Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method of preventing infectious diseases, [2] comprising immunizing animals and administering electrolytes such as rhodanide or iodide three days before or after the start of immunization.

 However, this method does not change the natural background of animal virus carrier in dysfunctional farms, which reduces the effectiveness of specific preventive measures.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of viral diseases such as transmissible gastroenteritis (TSE), classical swine fever in both adult animals and young animals.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the method of preventing infectious diseases of farm animals, which consists in vaccinating and administering an additional drug, a 0.22-0.4% formalin solution is used as the latter, which is administered in an amount of 2-6 ml per animal per 3-4 hours before vaccination. In this case, the introduction of formalin solution is carried out both by mother breeds and young growth at the age of 10-60 days. Vaccination can be carried out both live and inactivated vaccines.

 Known sources of patent and scientific and technical information do not describe a method for preventing infectious diseases of farm animals (such as transmissible gastroenteritis, classical swine fever), which allows changing the background of the animal's virus carrier before the introduction of the vaccine, thereby increasing the efficiency of vaccination in dysfunctional farms.

 Existing vaccination methods [2] involve the use of seronegative animals (animals free from pathogens). In practice, seropositive animals are not excluded from vaccination, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of preventive measures. The foregoing is the main reason for the inconsistency of scientific developments with the practical conditions of keeping animals.

 The inventive method allows to bring farm animals for 3-20 hours in a seronegative state and thereby increase the effectiveness of prevention. Moreover, the mechanism of formalin exposure is based on increasing specific immune defense against TSE by reducing the virulence of the pathogen directly in the body of animal virus carriers. Under the influence of intramuscular injections of formalin, a change in the natural background of metabolic formaldehyde occurs, which affects the causative agent of the disease.

 The foregoing allows us to conclude that there is a "inventive step" in the claimed technical solution.

 The method is as follows.

 Prepare a 0.22-0.4% formalin solution (based on 40% formaldehyde). Intramuscularly administered in an amount of 2-6 ml per animal 3-4 hours before vaccination. In this case, the drug is administered to mother breeds in 16-20 days. before childbirth, and young animals at 10-60 days of age. As a vaccine, for example, a dry culture virus vaccine against transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs from a strain of VGNKI, which is used according to Manual 432-3 of 03.15.88, can be used. In this case, a strain of Transmissible gastroenteritis H-76 N 8. V is used as a vaccine strain. if an inactivated vaccine is used, said strain is inactivated.

 For the prevention of classical swine fever, a vaccine from strain K (VGNKI) is used according to the Interim Guidelines for the use of dry culture virus vaccine against swine fever (Veterinary Legislation, vol. III, M. Kolos, 1981, p. 182-183).

 PRI me R 1. The rationale for the introduction of an additional drug.

 For 1-5 days before farrowing, 148 sows were injected intramuscularly with a 0.3% formalin solution, and after 15-18 hours the vaccine. The control was 155 sows, which were not processed. Of 1105 capitalized piglets of the experimental group, 829 (75.0%) goals were transferred to rearing, and from the control, from 1105 638 (57.7%) capitalized animals were also reared.

 When the VGNKI vaccine was administered to sows without pretreatment with formalin, from 1,100 pigments received from 153 sows were transferred to rearing 516 (46.9%), and from the control group, from 1,062 piglets received from 155 sows 672 (63.3% ) goals.

 PRI me R 2. In order to determine the change in the titer of antibodies to the TSE virus tested the blood serum from 28 sows treated with formalin, and 8 sows that were injected only with saline. Experienced sows (28 animals) were divided into three groups. The first of them (9 goals) was injected intramuscularly once with 0.1% formalin solution 9-11 days before farrowing, the second (10 goals) in the same way, 0.2% solution, the third (9 goals) 0.3% solution. The fourth group (8 sows) was the control.

 The level of specific antibodies to coronavirus was determined in the neutralization reaction on the SPEV tissue culture according to the generally accepted method with appropriate controls (control of tissue culture, virus, normal and hyperimmune sera, exclusion of serum toxicity).

As studies have shown, in control animals the average titer of antibodies was 1.9 ± 0.43 Ig 2; in sows treated with 0.3% formalin solution, 1.9 ± 0.44 Ig 2; treated with a 0.2% solution of 2.8 ± 0.44 Ig 2 and treated with a 0.1% solution of formalin 3.1 ± 0.31 Ig 2

Therefore, a single injection of a 0.1% or 0.2% formalin solution provides a significant increase in antibody titer, and when treated with a 0.3% formalin solution, the titer of antibodies to the TGS virus remains at the same level.

 PRI me R 3. The rationale for the concentration of formalin solution.

 In the experiment, 5 groups of sows were used, the first of which was administered a 0.1% formalin solution, the second 0.2%, the third 0.3%, the fourth 0.4%, the fifth 0.5% - formalin solution.

 In the first group there were 21 sows, in the second 20 sows, in the third 18, in the fourth 20, in the fifth 19. Each animal was injected into the thigh or neck 5 ml of formalin of the selected concentration depending on the study group. Formalin was administered 3-4 hours before vaccination with sows 16-20 days before the survey. The results of the experiment are presented in table 1.

 From table 1 it follows that the introduction of a 0.22-0.4% solution of formalin leads to the greatest safety of young animals. The experiments conducted allowed us to conclude that the introduction of formalin concentrations of less than 0.22% and more than 0.4% does not lead to a decrease in the virus carrier background.

 PRI me R 4. The rationale for the time of administration of the drug 3-4 hours before vaccination.

 The data and experimental design are presented in table.2.

 From the table. 2 it follows that the safety of piglets increases with the introduction of formalin 3-4 hours before vaccination.

 PRI me R 5. The rationale for the dose of formalin.

 In the experiments, 8 groups of sows were used, each of which had 5 goals.

 The first group was administered 1 ml of the drug per head, in the second group 2 ml, in the third group 3 ml, in the fourth 4 ml, in the fifth 5 ml, in the sixth 6 ml, in the seventh 7 ml, and the eighth group was the control.

 Studies showed that out of 40 piglets of the first group, 21 (52.5%) heads remained alive, out of 42 piglets of the second group 32 pigs (76.2%). Data for all other groups are given in table 3.

 From the table. 3 shows that the safety of animals is ensured in the best way with the introduction of a dose of 2-6 ml per animal.

 PRI me R 6. The effect of the introduction of the drug before vaccination against swine fever was studied.

 The research results are presented in table 4.

 From table 4 it follows that the highest preservation of animals (81.3%) was achieved in the group of piglets, which was injected with a 0.3% formalin solution before vaccination. Diseases in this group of piglets, unlike others, were not recorded.

 Thus, the claimed method has improved the efficiency of vaccination in dysfunctional farms by changing the background of the virus carrier before the introduction of the vaccine.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PREVENTING VIRAL DISEASES OF AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS, including the introduction into the body of an animal of a medicinal product with subsequent vaccination, characterized in that 0.22 is used as a preparation
A 0.4% formalin solution, and the introduction is carried out 3 to 4 hours before vaccination in the amount of 2 to 6 ml of breeding stock and / or young animals.

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