RU2020118724A - Устройство механической компрессии пара, имеющее низкую степень сжатия - Google Patents
Устройство механической компрессии пара, имеющее низкую степень сжатия Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2020118724A RU2020118724A RU2020118724A RU2020118724A RU2020118724A RU 2020118724 A RU2020118724 A RU 2020118724A RU 2020118724 A RU2020118724 A RU 2020118724A RU 2020118724 A RU2020118724 A RU 2020118724A RU 2020118724 A RU2020118724 A RU 2020118724A
- Authority
- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- latent heat
- heat exchanger
- evaporative
- condensation
- steam
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/04—Evaporators with horizontal tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
- B01D1/20—Sprayers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
- B01D5/0009—Horizontal tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/0075—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with heat exchanging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/041—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by means of vapour compression
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
- F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
- F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
- F28D2021/0066—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications with combined condensation and evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Claims (11)
1. Устройство для обессоливания путем механической компрессии пара (МКП), имеющее низкую степень сжатия,
отличающееся тем, что
теплообменник скрытой теплоты содержит по меньшей мере испарительно-конденсаторную трубку или камеру, испарительная поверхность которой покрыта, по меньшей мере частично, структурой, через которую протекает солевой раствор, образуя мениски (7), а водяной пар испаряется с конца мениска (7), и конденсационная поверхность которой покрыта, по меньшей мере частично, капиллярной структурой, на которой пар конденсируется в режиме капиллярной конденсации, образуя мениски (8);
причем тепловой путь (9) между точкой высвобождения скрытой теплоты конденсации и точкой поглощения скрытой теплоты испарения свободен от слоев воды;
теплообменник скрытой теплоты выполнен так, чтобы иметь высокий общий суммарный коэффициент теплопередачи скрытой теплоты, который позволяет выполнять цикл конденсации и испарения с тепловым подъемом между первичным паром и вторичным паром от 0,5 °С до 0,8 °С или меньше, плюс подъем, связанный с точкой кипения солевого раствора;
при этом степень сжатия между вторичным паром и первичным паром равна или меньше 1,11;
при этом он включает по меньшей мере один вентилятор со степенью сжатия, равной или меньшей 1,11, выполненный для отвода первичного пара от испарительной поверхности теплообменника и повышения его температуры и давления для получения вторичного пара, который подается на конденсационную поверхность теплообменника скрытой теплоты.
2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что солевой раствор, подлежащий обессоливанию, подан на испарительную поверхность теплообменника скрытой теплоты при температуре, равной или близкой к комнатной температуре.
3. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что устройство содержит более одного конденсаторно-испарительного эффекта или цикла, расположенного между первичным паром и вторичным паром.
4. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что вентилятор запитан от возобновляемого низкоинтенсивного источника энергии, такого как ветровая, фотоэлектрическая или морская энергия.
5. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что солевой раствор, подаваемый на испарительную поверхность теплообменника скрытой теплоты, представляет собой солевой раствор, отличный от морской воды или солоноватой воды.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESU201731494 | 2017-12-05 | ||
| ES201731494U ES1203439Y (es) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | Cámara intercambiadora de calor latente |
| ES201731521U ES1207636Y (es) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-13 | Dispositivo desalinizador de bajo consumo especifico |
| ESU201731521 | 2017-12-13 | ||
| PCT/ES2018/070781 WO2019110861A1 (es) | 2017-12-05 | 2018-12-04 | Disposicion de camara intercambiadora de calor latente |
| PCT/ES2018/070782 WO2019110862A1 (es) | 2017-12-05 | 2018-12-04 | Disposición mvc de bajo ratio de compresión |
| ESPCT/ES2018/070781 | 2018-12-04 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| RU2020118724A true RU2020118724A (ru) | 2022-01-10 |
| RU2020118724A3 RU2020118724A3 (ru) | 2022-03-17 |
| RU2772390C2 RU2772390C2 (ru) | 2022-05-19 |
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