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RU2018125310A - Extraction / supply of gas to influence radial fluid migration - Google Patents

Extraction / supply of gas to influence radial fluid migration Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2018125310A
RU2018125310A RU2018125310A RU2018125310A RU2018125310A RU 2018125310 A RU2018125310 A RU 2018125310A RU 2018125310 A RU2018125310 A RU 2018125310A RU 2018125310 A RU2018125310 A RU 2018125310A RU 2018125310 A RU2018125310 A RU 2018125310A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
gaseous phase
housing
layers
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RU2018125310A
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Russian (ru)
Inventor
Манфред ШТАЙНБАУЭР
Кристиан КЕРБЕР
Манфред ШЁНБЕРГЕР
Йюрген ШПРЕМАН
Ева Мюллер
Луи МАТАМОРОС
Флориан ДАЙКСЕЛЬ
Конрад БРАУН
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Линде Акциенгезельшафт
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Publication of RU2018125310A publication Critical patent/RU2018125310A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1615Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F28D7/1623Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0234Header boxes; End plates having a second heat exchanger disposed there within, e.g. oil cooler
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/224Longitudinal partitions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (20)

1. Теплообменник (1) для опосредованного обмена теплом между первой средой (М), которая имеет жидкую фазу (F) и газообразную фазу (G), и второй средой (М'), содержащий:1. A heat exchanger (1) for indirect heat exchange between a first medium (M), which has a liquid phase (F) and a gaseous phase (G), and a second medium (M '), comprising: корпус (5), который окружает внутреннее пространство (6) и проходит вдоль продольной оси (z), причем внутреннее пространство корпуса служит для размещения первой среды,the housing (5), which surrounds the inner space (6) and runs along the longitudinal axis (z), and the inner space of the housing serves to accommodate the first medium, трубный пучок (3), который расположен во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса и имеет несколько трубок (30) для размещения второй среды (М'), причем трубки закручены по спирали в несколько трубных слоев вокруг центральной трубки (300) теплообменника (1), причем трубный пучок проходит вдоль продольной оси (z) корпуса (5) в его внутреннем пространстве (6), при этом трубный пучок (3) имеет множество внутренних трубных слоев (4а, 4аа), окружающих центральную трубку (300), и множество наружных трубных слоев (4b, 4bb), окружающих внутренние трубные слои (4а, 4аа) и центральную трубку (300),a tube bundle (3), which is located in the inner space (6) of the housing and has several tubes (30) for accommodating a second medium (M '), the tubes being spirally twisted into several tube layers around the central tube (300) of the heat exchanger (1) moreover, the tube bundle runs along the longitudinal axis (z) of the housing (5) in its inner space (6), while the tube bundle (3) has many inner tube layers (4a, 4aa) surrounding the central tube (300), and a plurality outer pipe layers (4b, 4bb) surrounding the inner pipe layers (4a, 4aa) and the center nuyu tube (300) отличающийся тем, что теплообменник (1) выполнен с возможностьюcharacterized in that the heat exchanger (1) is configured to извлечения части газообразной фазы (G) из внутреннего пространства (6) корпуса из области внутренних трубных слоев (4а, 4аа) через устройство (43) для выпуска газа, причем указанное устройство (43) для выпуска газа теплообменника (1) имеет по меньшей мере один выпускной проточный канал (40) для газообразной фазы (G), впускное отверстие (41) которого расположено во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса в области внутренних трубных слоев (4а), при этом указанный по меньшей мере один выпускной проточный канал (40) образован трубкой (30) внутреннего трубного слоя (4а) трубного пучка (3), и/илиextracting a part of the gaseous phase (G) from the inner space (6) of the casing from the region of the inner pipe layers (4a, 4aa) through the gas discharge device (43), said device (43) for discharging the gas of the heat exchanger (1) one outlet flow channel (40) for the gaseous phase (G), an inlet (41) of which is located in the interior space (6) of the housing in the region of the inner tube layers (4a), wherein said at least one outlet flow channel (40) formed by a tube (30) of the inner tube layer (4a) a tube bundle (3), and / or подачи газообразной фазы (G) первой среды (М) во внутреннее пространство (6) корпуса в область наружных трубных слоев (4b, 4bb) через устройство (53) для подачи газа.feeding the gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M) into the inner space (6) of the housing into the region of the outer pipe layers (4b, 4bb) through the gas supply device (53). 2. Теплообменник по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что он имеет юбку (7), которая окружает трубный пучок (3) и наружные трубные слои (4b, 4bb).2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a skirt (7) that surrounds the tube bundle (3) and the outer tube layers (4b, 4bb). 3. Теплообменник по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что устройство (53) для подачи газа теплообменника (1) имеет, для газообразной фазы (G), по меньшей мере один подающий проточный канал (50), выпускное отверстие (51) которого расположено в области наружных трубных слоев (4b) во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса.3. A heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the device (53) for supplying gas to the heat exchanger (1) has, for the gaseous phase (G), at least one supply flow channel (50), an outlet (51) which is located in the region of the outer pipe layers (4b) in the interior space (6) of the housing. 4. Теплообменник по п. 3, отличающийся тем, что указанный по меньшей мере один подающий проточный канал (50), по меньшей мере частями, проложен по обращенной в наружном направлении наружной стороне (7b) юбки (7) или через трубку (30) наружного трубного слоя (4b) трубного пучка, в частности, через трубку (30) самого наружного трубного слоя (4bb) трубного пучка (3).4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that said at least one supplying flow channel (50), at least in part, is laid along the outwardly facing outer side (7b) of the skirt (7) or through the tube (30) the outer tube layer (4b) of the tube bundle, in particular through the tube (30) of the outermost tube layer (4bb) of the tube bundle (3). 5. Теплообменник по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что устройство (43) для выпуска газа теплообменника (1) имеет несколько выпускных проточных каналов (40) для газообразной фазы (G) первой среды (М), каждый из которых имеет одно впускное отверстие (41), причем каждое впускное отверстие (41) расположено во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса в области внутренних трубных слоев (4а), и при этом, в частности, впускные отверстия (41) расположены вдоль продольной оси (z) на разных высотах.5. The heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the device (43) for discharging gas from the heat exchanger (1) has several outlet flow channels (40) for the gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M), each of which has one an inlet (41), wherein each inlet (41) is located in the interior space (6) of the housing in the region of the inner pipe layers (4a), and in particular, the inlets (41) are located along the longitudinal axis (z) on different heights. 6. Теплообменник по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что устройство (53) для подачи газа теплообменника (1) имеет множество подающих проточных каналов (50) для газообразной фазы (G) первой среды (М), каждый из которых имеет одно выпускное отверстие (51), причем каждое выпускное отверстие (51) расположено во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса в области наружных трубных слоев (4b) и при этом, в частности, выпускные отверстия (51) расположены вдоль продольной оси (z) на разных высотах.6. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (53) for supplying gas to the heat exchanger (1) has a plurality of supply flow channels (50) for the gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M), each of which has one outlet (51), and each outlet (51) is located in the inner space (6) of the housing in the region of the outer pipe layers (4b), and in particular, the outlet openings (51) are located along the longitudinal axis (z) at different heights. 7. Теплообменник по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что он выполнен с возможностью управления подачей газообразной фазы (G) через устройство (53) для подачи газа и/или выпуском газообразной фазы (G) через устройство (41) для выпуска газа в режиме без обратной связи или в режиме с обратной связью, в зависимости от фактического распределения давления (Р) или фактического распределения температуры, измеренных во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса.7. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to control the supply of the gaseous phase (G) through the device (53) for supplying gas and / or the release of the gaseous phase (G) through the device (41) for discharging gas in the mode without feedback or in the feedback mode, depending on the actual pressure distribution (P) or the actual temperature distribution, measured in the internal space (6) of the housing. 8. Теплообменник по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что указанный по меньшей мере один выпускной канал (40) потока имеет клапан (8) для управления выпуском газообразной фазы (G) в режиме без обратной связи или в режиме с обратной связью, и/или тем, что указанный по меньшей мере один подающий проточный канал (50) имеет клапан (8) для управления подачей газообразной фазы (G) в режиме без обратной связи или в режиме с обратной связью.8. A heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that said at least one flow outlet (40) has a valve (8) for controlling the release of the gaseous phase (G) in open-loop or closed-loop mode, and / or the fact that said at least one supply flow channel (50) has a valve (8) for controlling the supply of the gaseous phase (G) in the open-loop or closed-loop mode. 9. Теплообменник по одному из пп. 1-7, отличающийся тем, что указанный по меньшей мере один выпускной проточный канал (40) проточно соединен через компрессор (9) с указанным по меньшей мере одним подающим проточным каналом (50).9. The heat exchanger according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the at least one outlet flow channel (40) is connected through a compressor (9) to the specified at least one feed flow channel (50). 10. Теплообменник по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что отдельные трубные слои (4а, 4b) опираются друг о друга через прокладки (10).10. A heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the individual pipe layers (4a, 4b) are supported against each other through gaskets (10). 11. Теплообменник по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что центральная трубка (300) принимает на себя нагрузку трубок (30) трубного пучка (3).11. The heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the Central tube (300) takes on the load of the tubes (30) of the tube bundle (3). 12. Установка (2), имеющая теплообменник (1), выполненный по любому одному из предшествующих пунктов и имеющая первый компонент (90) и первое проточное соединение (410) между устройством (43) для выпуска газа и первым компонентом (90) установки с обеспечением возможности введения технологического потока (М) установки, который имеет, в частности, газообразную фазу (G) первой среды (М), из устройства (41) для выпуска газа через проточное соединение (410) в первый компонент (90), и/или установка (2) имеет второй компонент (90) и второе проточное соединение (510) между устройством (53) для подачи газа и вторым компонентом (90) с обеспечением возможности извлечения технологического потока (М) установки (2), который имеет, в частности, газообразную фазу (G) первой среды (М), из второго компонента (90) и введения в устройство (53) для подачи газа через второе проточное соединение (510).12. Installation (2) having a heat exchanger (1) made according to any one of the preceding paragraphs and having a first component (90) and a first flow connection (410) between the gas discharge device (43) and the first component (90) of the installation with providing the possibility of introducing a process stream (M) of the installation, which has, in particular, the gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M) from the device (41) for discharging gas through the flow connection (410) into the first component (90), and / or installation (2) has a second component (90) and a second flow connection (510) between a construction (53) for supplying gas and a second component (90) with the possibility of extracting the process stream (M) of the installation (2), which has, in particular, a gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M) from the second component (90) and introducing into the device (53) for supplying gas through the second flow connection (510). 13. Способ работы теплообменника (1), выполненного по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором13. The method of operation of the heat exchanger (1), made according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which проводят во внутреннем пространстве (6), окруженном корпусом (5) теплообменника (1), первую среду (М), которая имеет жидкую фазу (F) и газообразную фазу (G) и которая опосредованно обменивается теплом со второй средой (М'), которую проводят в трубном пучке (3), расположенном во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса, причем трубный пучок имеет несколько трубок (30) для размещения второй среды (М'), которые намотаны по спирали в несколько трубных слоев (4а, 4b) вокруг центральной трубки (300) теплообменника (1), причем указанный трубный пучок проходит вдоль продольной оси (z) корпуса (5) в его внутреннем пространстве (6), при этом трубный пучок (3) имеет множество внутренних трубных слоев (4а), которые окружают центральную трубку (300), и множество наружных трубных слоев (4b), которые окружают внутренние трубные слои (4а) и центральную трубку (300), причем часть газообразной фазы (G) выпускают из внутреннего пространства (6) корпуса из области внутренних трубных слоев (4а, 4аа), и/или газообразную фазу (G) первой среды (М) подают во внутреннее пространство (6) корпуса в область наружных трубных слоев (4b, 4bb).spend in the inner space (6) surrounded by the body (5) of the heat exchanger (1), the first medium (M), which has a liquid phase (F) and a gaseous phase (G) and which indirectly exchanges heat with the second medium (M '), which is carried out in a tube bundle (3) located in the interior space (6) of the housing, the tube bundle having several tubes (30) for accommodating a second medium (M ') which are wound in a spiral into several tube layers (4a, 4b) around the Central tube (300) of the heat exchanger (1), and the specified tube bundle runs along the longitudinal the axis (z) of the housing (5) in its inner space (6), while the tube bundle (3) has many inner tube layers (4a) that surround the central tube (300), and many outer tube layers (4b), which surround the inner tube layers (4a) and the central tube (300), and part of the gaseous phase (G) is discharged from the interior space (6) of the housing from the region of the inner tube layers (4a, 4aa), and / or the gaseous phase (G) of the first medium (M) is fed into the inner space (6) of the housing in the region of the outer pipe layers (4b, 4bb). 14. Способ по п. 13, в котором выпуском и/или подачей газообразной фазы (G) управляют в режиме без обратной связи или в режиме с обратной связью в зависимости от фактического распределения давления (Р) или фактического распределения температуры, измеренных во внутреннем пространстве (6) корпуса.14. The method according to p. 13, in which the release and / or supply of the gaseous phase (G) is controlled in a non-feedback mode or in a feedback mode depending on the actual pressure distribution (P) or the actual temperature distribution measured in the interior (6) enclosures.
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