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RU2018122940A - Способ получения биометана путем очистки биогаза из хранилищ неопасных отходов и установка для осуществления способа - Google Patents

Способ получения биометана путем очистки биогаза из хранилищ неопасных отходов и установка для осуществления способа Download PDF

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RU2018122940A
RU2018122940A RU2018122940A RU2018122940A RU2018122940A RU 2018122940 A RU2018122940 A RU 2018122940A RU 2018122940 A RU2018122940 A RU 2018122940A RU 2018122940 A RU2018122940 A RU 2018122940A RU 2018122940 A RU2018122940 A RU 2018122940A
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Russia
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gas stream
filled
adsorber
separation
adsorbents capable
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RU2018122940A
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RU2721698C2 (ru
RU2018122940A3 (ru
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Гвенаэль ПРЭНС
Матьё ЛЕФЕВР
Пьер БРИЕН
Николя ПАЖЕ
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Вага Энерджи
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    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/66—Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/02—Integration in an installation for exchanging heat, e.g. for waste heat recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/904—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Claims (35)

1. Способ получения биометана путем очистки биогаза из хранилищ неопасных отходов (NHWSF), согласно которому
начальный газовый поток подвергают сжатию,
газовый поток, подлежащий очистке, вводят по меньшей мере в один адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC,
обедненный по VOC газовый поток, выходящий из адсорбера, заполненного адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC, подвергают по меньшей мере одному мембранному разделению, предусматривающему задействование от 1 до 4 мембранных ступеней, проницаемость которых обеспечивает отделение от газового потока более 90% CO2 и по меньшей мере 30% O2,
ретентат, полученный в результате мембранного разделения, вводят по меньшей мере в один адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2,
обедненный по CO2 газовый поток, выходящий из адсорбера, заполненного адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2, подвергают криогенному разделению в дистилляционной колонне с отделением O2 и N2 от газового потока,
собирают обогащенный CH4 поток, полученный в результате криогенного разделения.
2. Способ по п. 1, где адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, регенерируют с помощью пермеата, полученного в результате мембранного разделения.
3. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где
обедненный по VOC газовый поток, выходящий из адсорбера, заполненного адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC, подвергают первому мембранному разделению,
адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC, регенерируют с помощью пермеата, полученного в результате указанного первого мембранного разделения,
ретентат, полученный в результате первого разделения, подвергают второму мембранному разделению,
пермеат, полученный в результате второго мембранного разделения, повторно вводят выше по потоку относительно сжатия.
4. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где
выпаривают обогащенный CH4 поток, полученный в результате криогенного разделения,
адсорбер(адсорберы), заполненный(заполненные) адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2, регенерируют с помощью выпаренного обогащенного CH4 газового потока.
5. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2, регенерируют с помощью обогащенного N2 дистиллята, полученного в результате криогенного разделения.
6. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где верхнюю часть дистилляционной колонны поддерживают холодной за счет испарения жидкого азота из внешнего источника.
7. Способ по любому из п. 5 и 6, где в колонне обогащенный N2 дистиллят, полученный в результате криогенного разделения, смешивают с испаренным азотом, применяемым для охлаждения верхней части колонны, затем с помощью указанной смеси регенерируют адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2.
8. Способ по любому из пп. 1-7, где газовый поток, полученный в результате регенерации адсорбера, заполненного адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC, подвергают окислению.
9. Способ по любому из пп. 1-8, где обогащенный N2 дистиллят, полученный в результате криогенного разделения, подвергают окислению.
10. Способ по любому из п. 8 и 9, где 2 газовых потока смешивают перед окислением.
11. Способ по любому из пп. 1-10, где тепло, вырабатываемое за счет сжатия начального газового потока, собирают с целью предварительного нагревания газового потока, применяемого для регенерации адсорбера, заполненного адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2.
12. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где перед этапом сжатия осуществляют этап десульфуризации.
13. Способ по п. 12, где перед этапом десульфуризации газовый поток высушивают.
14. Установка для получения биометана путем очистки биогаза из хранилищ неопасных отходов (NHWSF), обеспечивающая осуществление способа по любому из предыдущих пунктов.
15. Установка для получения биометана путем очистки биогаза из хранилищ неопасных отходов (NHWSF) по п. 14, содержащая последовательно
источник (1) биогаза;
компрессор (18), выполненный с возможностью сжатия биогаза до давления от 0,8 до 2,4 мегапаскаля (от 8 до 24 бар),
2 адсорбера (21, 22), заполненные адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC,
2 разделительные мембранные ступени (38, 39), выполненные с возможностью частичного отделения CO2 и O2 от газового потока,
2 адсорбера (43, 44), заполненные адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части CO2, оставшегося в газовом потоке,
теплообменник (60), выполненный с возможностью охлаждения обедненного по CO2 газового потока,
дистилляционную колонну (62).
16. Способ или установка по любому из предыдущих пунктов, где адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции VOC, представляет собой адсорбер с переменным давлением (PSA), и где адсорбер, заполненный адсорбентами, способными к обратимой адсорбции большей части оставшегося CO2, представляет собой адсорбер с переменными давлением и температурой (PTSA).
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HK1256981A1 (zh) 2019-10-11
PT3393621T (pt) 2022-01-12
ES2903144T3 (es) 2022-03-31
EP3393621A1 (fr) 2018-10-31
DK3393621T3 (da) 2022-01-17
HRP20220113T1 (hr) 2022-04-15
RS62802B1 (sr) 2022-02-28
CA3009566A1 (fr) 2017-06-29
US20190001263A1 (en) 2019-01-03
US10905995B2 (en) 2021-02-02
PL3393621T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
AU2016378831B2 (en) 2021-12-09
EP3393621B1 (fr) 2022-01-05
CN108602007A (zh) 2018-09-28
BR112018012788B1 (pt) 2022-12-13
SI3393621T1 (sl) 2022-02-28
HUE056933T2 (hu) 2022-03-28
AU2016378831A1 (en) 2018-07-12
BR112018012788A2 (pt) 2018-12-04
FR3046086B1 (fr) 2018-01-05
FR3046086A1 (fr) 2017-06-30
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