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RU2016147701A - METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUID AND GAS-OXYGEN ENRICHED AIR SEPARATION PRODUCT IN INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION AND INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION - Google Patents

METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUID AND GAS-OXYGEN ENRICHED AIR SEPARATION PRODUCT IN INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION AND INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION Download PDF

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RU2016147701A
RU2016147701A RU2016147701A RU2016147701A RU2016147701A RU 2016147701 A RU2016147701 A RU 2016147701A RU 2016147701 A RU2016147701 A RU 2016147701A RU 2016147701 A RU2016147701 A RU 2016147701A RU 2016147701 A RU2016147701 A RU 2016147701A
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air
turbine
stream
level
column
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RU2016147701A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2722074C2 (en
RU2016147701A3 (en
Inventor
Тобиас Лаутеншлагер
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Линде Акциенгезелльшафт
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/042—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions having an intermediate feed connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/0446—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases
    • F25J3/04466—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases for producing oxygen as a mixing column overhead gas by mixing gaseous air feed and liquid oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04787—Heat exchange, e.g. main heat exchange line; Subcooler, external reboiler-condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04793—Rectification, e.g. columns; Reboiler-condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J2200/06—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flow-sheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
    • F25J2200/94—Details relating to the withdrawal point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/52—Oxygen production with multiple purity O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Claims (39)

1. Способ низкотемпературного разделения воздуха, при котором применяют установку (100) разделения воздуха с главным теплообменником (3) и системой дистилляционных колонн (6, 7), которая включает одну действующую на первом уровне давления колонну (61) высокого давления, одну действующую на втором, более низком уровне давления колонну (62) низкого давления, и смесительную колонну (7), и при котором1. The method of low-temperature air separation, which uses the installation (100) of air separation with the main heat exchanger (3) and a distillation column system (6, 7), which includes one high-pressure column (61) operating at the first pressure level, one acting on a second, lower pressure level, a low pressure column (62), and a mixing column (7), in which - из колонны (62) низкого давления отводят в жидком состоянии обогащенный кислородом поток (n) с первым содержанием кислорода, и с этим первым содержанием кислорода в жидком состоянии подают в смесительную колонну (7),- an oxygen-enriched stream (n) with a first oxygen content is withdrawn from the low pressure column (62) in a liquid state, and with this first oxygen content in a liquid state is fed to a mixing column (7), - кроме того, в смесительную колонну (7) подают первый поток (h) сжатого воздуха в газообразном состоянии, и пропускают в смесительной колонне (7) в противоточном режиме навстречу обогащенному кислородом потоку (n) с первым содержанием кислорода,- in addition, in the mixing column (7) serves the first stream (h) of compressed air in a gaseous state, and is passed in a mixing column (7) in countercurrent mode towards the oxygen-rich stream (n) with the first oxygen content, - из головной части смесительной колонны (7) отбирают обогащенный кислородом поток (о) со вторым содержанием кислорода ниже первого содержания кислорода, и выводят из установки (100) разделения воздуха,- from the head part of the mixing column (7), an oxygen-enriched stream (o) with a second oxygen content below the first oxygen content is taken and removed from the air separation unit (100), - формируют первый поток (h) сжатого воздуха с использованием воздуха, который сжимают до исходного уровня давления свыше первого уровня давления, и после этого охлаждают до первого уровня температуры, на первом уровне температуры подводят в первую турбину (4) и расширяют в первой турбине (4), и- form the first stream (h) of compressed air using air, which is compressed to the initial pressure level above the first pressure level, and then cooled to the first temperature level, at the first temperature level they are brought into the first turbine (4) and expanded in the first turbine ( 4), and - из установки (100) разделения воздуха, по меньшей мере частично, выводят жидкий обогащенный кислородом продукт разделения воздуха,- from the installation (100) of air separation, at least partially, the liquid oxygen-enriched air separation product is removed, отличающийся тем, чтоcharacterized in that - в колонну (61) высокого давления подают второй поток (g) сжатого воздуха, который также формируют с использованием сжатого до исходного уровня давления, и после этого охлажденного до первого уровня температуры и расширенного в первой турбине (4) воздуха,- a second stream (g) of compressed air is supplied to the high-pressure column (61), which is also formed using compressed to the initial pressure level, and then cooled to the first temperature level and expanded in the first turbine (4) air, - в колонну (62) низкого давления подают третий поток (f) сжатого воздуха, который формируют с использованием воздуха, который подвергают сжатию до исходного уровня давления, и после этого охлаждают до второго уровня температуры, на втором уровне температуры подают во вторую турбину (5), расширяют во второй турбине (5), и дополнительно охлаждают в главном теплообменнике (3) до третьего уровня температуры,- a third stream (f) of compressed air is supplied to the low pressure column (62), which is formed using air, which is compressed to the initial pressure level, and then cooled to the second temperature level, at the second temperature level, it is supplied to the second turbine (5 ), expand in the second turbine (5), and additionally cool in the main heat exchanger (3) to the third temperature level, - воздух расширяют в первой турбине (4) до первого, и во второй турбине (5) до второго уровня давления, и смесительную колонну (7) эксплуатируют на первом уровне давления или на третьем уровне давления, который отличается от первого уровня давления не более чем на 1 бар (0,1 МПа), и- air is expanded in the first turbine (4) to the first, and in the second turbine (5) to the second pressure level, and the mixing column (7) is operated at the first pressure level or at the third pressure level, which differs from the first pressure level by no more than 1 bar (0.1 MPa), and - причем первый уровень температуры по меньшей мере на 20 К находится ниже второго уровня температуры.- wherein the first temperature level is at least 20 K lower than the second temperature level. 2. Способ по п.1, при котором в колонну (62) высокого давления подают четвертый поток (f) сжатого воздуха, который формируют с использованием воздуха, который сжимают до исходного уровня давления, и после этого охлаждают до третьего уровня температуры и расширяют с помощью дросселя.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a fourth stream (f) of compressed air is supplied to the high pressure column (62), which is formed using air that is compressed to the initial pressure level, and then cooled to a third temperature level and expanded with using a throttle. 3. Способ по п. 1 или 2, который включает первый технологический режим и второй технологический режим, причем3. The method according to p. 1 or 2, which includes a first technological mode and a second technological mode, and - в первом технологическом режиме из установки (100) разделения воздуха выводят жидкий обогащенный кислородом продукт разделения воздуха в большем количестве, чем во втором технологическом режиме, и- in the first technological mode from the air separation unit (100), a liquid oxygen-enriched air separation product is discharged in a larger quantity than in the second technological mode, and - в первом технологическом режиме во второй турбине (5) расширяют большее количество воздуха, чем во втором технологическом режиме, и одновременно с этим третий поток (f) сжатого воздуха в первом технологическом режиме включает такое же большое количество воздуха, как во втором технологическом режиме.- in the first technological mode, a larger amount of air is expanded in the second turbine (5) than in the second technological mode, and at the same time, the third compressed air stream (f) in the first technological mode includes the same large amount of air as in the second technological mode. 4. Способ по п.3, при котором из колонны (61) высокого давления отбирают один или несколько обогащенных азотом потоков (l, q) и выводят из установки (100) разделения воздуха, причем количество воздуха, расширенного во второй турбине (4) и в то же время содержащегося в третьем потоке (f) сжатого воздуха, регулируют таким образом, что сумма количества расширенного во второй турбине (4) и в то же время содержащегося в третьем потоке (f) сжатого воздуха, и количества обогащенного или обогащенных азотом потока(-ов) (l, q) в первом технологическом режиме соответствует 12-18 процентам, а во втором технологическом режиме - 0-8 процентам подаваемого в систему дистилляционных колонн (6, 7) совокупного количества воздуха.4. The method according to claim 3, in which one or more nitrogen-rich streams (l, q) are taken from the high pressure column (61) and removed from the air separation unit (100), the amount of air expanded in the second turbine (4) and at the same time contained in the third stream (f) of compressed air, is controlled so that the sum of the amount expanded in the second turbine (4) and at the same time contained in the third stream (f) of compressed air and the amount enriched or enriched with nitrogen flow (s) (l, q) in the first technological mode, respectively exists 12-18 percent, while in the second process mode - 0-8 percent delivered in the distillation columns (6, 7) the total amount of air. 5. Способ по п. 3, при котором весь подводимый в систему дистилляционных колонн (6, 7) воздух доводят до исходного уровня давления с использованием главного воздушного компрессора (2).5. The method according to p. 3, in which all the air supplied to the system of distillation columns (6, 7) is brought to the initial pressure level using the main air compressor (2). 6. Способ по п.5, при котором в первом технологическом режиме через главный воздушный компрессор (2) пропускают большее количество воздуха при более высоком давлении, чем во втором технологическом режиме.6. The method according to claim 5, in which in the first technological mode, a larger amount of air is passed through the main air compressor (2) at a higher pressure than in the second technological mode. 7. Способ по п.1, при котором расширяемый в первой турбине (4) и во второй турбине (5) воздух подают в первую турбину (4) и во вторую турбину (5) на одном и том же уровне давления.7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the air expandable in the first turbine (4) and in the second turbine (5) is supplied to the first turbine (4) and to the second turbine (5) at the same pressure level. 8. Способ по п. 3, при котором исходное давление в первом технологическом режиме на величину от 1 до 10 бар превышает исходное давление во втором технологическом режиме.8. The method according to p. 3, in which the initial pressure in the first technological mode by 1 to 10 bar exceeds the initial pressure in the second technological mode. 9. Способ по п. 1, при котором исходный уровень давления составляет от 6 до 15 бар (абс.), первый уровень давления от 4,3 до 6,9 бар (абс.) и второй уровень давления от 1,3 до 1,7 бар (абс.).9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initial pressure level is from 6 to 15 bar (abs.), The first pressure level is from 4.3 to 6.9 bar (abs.) And the second pressure level is from 1.3 to 1 7 bar (abs.). 10. Способ по п.1, при котором первый уровень температуры предпочтительно составляет от 110 до 140°С, второй уровень температуры от 130 до 240°С, и третий уровень температуры от 97 до 102°С10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first temperature level is preferably from 110 to 140 ° C, the second temperature level from 130 to 240 ° C, and the third temperature level from 97 to 102 ° C 11. Способ по п.1, при котором первую турбину (4) и/или вторую турбину (5) тормозят с использованием генератора, бустера и/или масляного тормоза.11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first turbine (4) and / or the second turbine (5) is braked using a generator, a booster and / or an oil brake. 12. Способ по п.1, при котором первое содержание кислорода составляет от 99 до 100 мольных процентов, и второе содержание кислорода составляет от 80 до 98 мольных процентов.12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first oxygen content is from 99 to 100 molar percent, and the second oxygen content is from 80 to 98 molar percent. 13. Способ по п.1, при котором первая турбина (4) и вторая турбина (5) представляют собой турбины с переменным числом оборотов.13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first turbine (4) and the second turbine (5) are turbines with a variable speed. 14. Установка (100) разделения воздуха с главным теплообменником (3) и системой дистилляционных колонн (6, 7), которая включает одну рассчитанную на эксплуатацию на первом уровне давления колонну (61) высокого давления, одну рассчитанную на эксплуатацию на втором, более низком уровне давления колонну (62) низкого давления, и смесительную колонну (7), и в которой предусмотрены устройства, которые рассчитаны на то, чтобы14. An air separation unit (100) with a main heat exchanger (3) and a distillation column system (6, 7), which includes one high pressure column (61) designed for operation at the first pressure level, one designed for operation at a second, lower the pressure level of the low pressure column (62) and the mixing column (7), and in which devices are provided that are designed to - из колонны (62) низкого давления отводить в жидком состоянии обогащенный кислородом поток (n) с первым содержанием кислорода, и с этим первым содержанием кислорода в жидком состоянии подавать в смесительную колонну (7),- withdraw from the low pressure column (62) in a liquid state an oxygen-enriched stream (n) with a first oxygen content, and with this first oxygen content in a liquid state, feed into a mixing column (7), - кроме того, в смесительную колонну (7) подавать первый поток (h) сжатого воздуха в газообразном состоянии, и пропускать в смесительной колонне (7) в противоточном режиме навстречу обогащенному кислородом потоку (n) с первым содержанием кислорода,- in addition, in the mixing column (7) to supply the first stream (h) of compressed air in a gaseous state, and pass in the mixing column (7) in countercurrent mode towards the oxygen-rich stream (n) with the first oxygen content, - из головной части смесительной колонны (7) отбирать обогащенный кислородом поток (о) со вторым содержанием кислорода ниже первого содержания кислорода, и выводить из установки (100) разделения воздуха,- from the head of the mixing column (7) to select the oxygen-enriched stream (o) with a second oxygen content below the first oxygen content, and to withdraw from the installation (100) air separation, - формировать первый поток (h) сжатого воздуха с использованием воздуха, который подвергнут сжатию до исходного уровня давления свыше первого уровня давления, и после этого охлажден до первого уровня температуры, на первом уровне температуры подведен в первую турбину (4) и расширен в первой турбине (4), и- to form the first stream (h) of compressed air using air that has been compressed to the initial pressure level above the first pressure level, and then cooled to the first temperature level, at the first temperature level it is brought into the first turbine (4) and expanded in the first turbine (4), and - из установки (100) разделения воздуха, по меньшей мере частично, выводить жидкий обогащенный кислородом продукт разделения воздуха,- from the installation (100) of the separation of air, at least partially, to remove the liquid oxygen-enriched product of the separation of air, отличающаяся тем, что содержит устройства, которые рассчитаны на то, чтобыcharacterized in that it contains devices that are designed to - в колонну (62) высокого давления подавать второй поток (g) сжатого воздуха, который также сформирован с использованием сжатого до исходного уровня давления, и после этого охлажденного до первого уровня температуры и расширенного в первой турбине (4) воздуха,- in the high pressure column (62) to supply a second stream (g) of compressed air, which is also formed using compressed to the original pressure level, and then cooled to the first temperature level and expanded in the first turbine (4) air, - в колонну (62) низкого давления подавать третий поток (f) сжатого воздуха, и который сформирован с использованием воздуха, который подвергнут сжатию до исходного уровня давления, и после этого охлаждается до второго уровня температуры, на втором уровне температуры подается во вторую турбину (5), расширяется во второй турбине (5), и дополнительно охлаждается в главном теплообменнике (3) до третьего уровня температуры,- feed a third stream (f) of compressed air into the low-pressure column (62), which is formed using air that has been compressed to the initial pressure level, and then cooled to the second temperature level, is fed to the second turbine at the second temperature level ( 5), expands in the second turbine (5), and is additionally cooled in the main heat exchanger (3) to the third temperature level, - расширять воздух в первой турбине (4) до первого, и во второй турбине (5) до второго уровня давления, и смесительная колонна (7) эксплуатируется на первом уровне давления или на третьем уровне давления, который отличается от первого уровня давления не более чем на 1 бар, и- expand the air in the first turbine (4) to the first, and in the second turbine (5) to the second pressure level, and the mixing column (7) is operated at the first pressure level or at the third pressure level, which differs from the first pressure level by no more than 1 bar, and - причем первый уровень температуры по меньшей мере на 20 К находится ниже второго уровня температуры.- wherein the first temperature level is at least 20 K lower than the second temperature level. 15. Установка (100) разделения воздуха по п.14, которая рассчитана на эксплуатацию в первом технологическом режиме и во втором технологическом режиме, для чего предусмотрены устройства, которые рассчитаны на то, чтобы15. Installation (100) of the air separation according to 14, which is designed to operate in the first technological mode and in the second technological mode, for which there are devices that are designed to - в первом технологическом режиме из установки (100) разделения воздуха выводить жидкий обогащенный кислородом продукт разделения воздуха в большем количестве, чем во втором технологическом режиме, и- in the first technological mode, from the air separation unit (100) to withdraw the liquid oxygen-enriched air separation product in a larger quantity than in the second technological mode, and - в первом технологическом режиме во второй турбине (5) расширять большее количество воздуха, чем во втором технологическом режиме, так что тем самым третий поток (f) сжатого воздуха в первом технологическом режиме включает такое же большое количество воздуха, как во втором технологическом режиме.- in the first technological mode in the second turbine (5) to expand a larger amount of air than in the second technological mode, so that the third stream (f) of compressed air in the first technological mode includes the same large amount of air as in the second technological mode.
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DE102012017484A1 (en) 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and plant for the production of liquid and gaseous oxygen products by cryogenic separation of air
DE102013002094A1 (en) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing liquid and gaseous oxygen by low temperature separation of air in air separation system in industrial application, involves feeding feed air flow to portion in mixed column and to another portion in separating column
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