RU201491U1 - Protective medical mask - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, namely to medical masks designed to protect the respiratory system from the ingress of various viruses and bacteria transmitted by airborne droplets. The technical problem, the solution of which is provided by this utility model, is the creation of a protective medical mask, characterized by an increased level protection against a pathogenic environment, and the level of protection must be mutual, both inhaled and exhaled air, reliability, as well as improved ergonomic characteristics. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the medical protective mask contains a housing (1) on which a replaceable filter is located initial air purification (2), exhaled air release check valve (3) with return spring (12). In the inner part of the housing (1) there is an electronic board (8) with UV activation LEDs (7) installed on it, behind which there is a photocatalytic titanium dioxide filter (9) and an internal filter (13). A rechargeable battery (6) located in a sealed compartment of the case (1) and closed with a cover (4) is used to power the activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum (7). To turn on the ultraviolet illumination of the titanium dioxide photocatalytic filter (9), a switch (5) located on the housing (1) is provided. To ensure the tight fit of the medical protective mask to the face, a soft pad (10) is provided. For attaching the mask on the face, brackets (11) are provided, to which fixing straps can be attached. 4 h. p. f-ly, 6 ill.

Description

The useful model relates to the field of medicine, namely, medical masks designed to protect the respiratory system from the ingress of various viruses and bacteria transmitted by airborne droplets.

When a person performs work associated with the risk of airborne transmission of infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria, it is necessary to protect the respiratory system with special devices that block the penetration of the pathogenic environment into the respiratory system. These devices can be of the isolating type - space suits and filtering type - protective masks, respirators.

The main requirement for these devices is reliable protection of the respiratory system, as well as the acceptable ability to carry out respiratory activity while in them.

In some cases, the use of isolating devices to protect the respiratory system from a pathogenic environment is not advisable, in view of the lack of comfort in their use, as well as the need for special skills for their use. In this case, protective masks act as protective equipment.

Protective medical masks are relevant for the protection of the respiratory system from the pathogenic environment when working in infectious diseases hospitals, animal habitats such as farms, zoos, as well as during general preventive measures of the population under the condition of various outbreaks of infectious diseases.

A separate important factor in protecting the mask from the pathogenic environment and reducing the risk of spreading infections is the ability to filter the exhaled air by the mask, thereby protecting others in case of infection of the mask wearer.

Known breathing device, personal protective mask (options), portable air treatment device (patent RU 2644097 C1, class A62B 7/10, publ. 07.02.2018), one of the inventions of the group of which consists of an individual protective mask and a device for air supply connected to each other through an air duct, while the mask is configured to supply suitable (improved in its composition and properties) air into it, consisting of a housing with a cover made in the form of a replaceable cartridge, while a compact battery is installed in the housing of the portable device and means for forced air supply, means for physical and chemical treatment of air coming from outside, which is a wide-pulse modulation board, thermoelectric module, the heating part of which is in communication with the environment, and inside the replaceable cartridge there are filter means, means for aromatic change coming from outside e of air and its humidity, while magnets, battery charge and discharge indicators, as well as an electronics control unit are installed on the case.

The disadvantage of this design is its complexity, the need for an air supply device located outside the protective mask, which reduces the ergonomic performance of the system, as well as the presence of a forced air supply, powered by a battery, which creates the risk of a complete cessation of the air supply when the power supply is cut off or failure of the mechanism itself.

Known anatomically shaped medical mask (patent RU 182435 U1, class A41D 13/11, publ. 03/30/2018) containing a mask body and a means for attaching the mask to the user's head. The body of the mask is made in the form of a multilayer nonwoven fabric with the formation of longitudinal folds in it. A shape holder is located inside the mask body. The mask body in the initial state has an inverted trapezoidal shape, in which the small base of the trapezoid is intended to be placed in the region of the user's chin, and the large base of the trapezoid is intended to be placed in the region of the user's nose, the edge of the larger base of the trapezoid being arched or triangular.

The disadvantage of this mask of medical anatomical shape is the use of a multilayer cloth as a protective element, which is not optimal protection against many pathogenic environments. Also, a multi-layer mask cannot be reusable.

Known individual protective mask (options), closest to the claimed invention, (patent RU 90300 U1 A41D 13/11, publ. 10.01.2010), consisting (the first option) of woven or nonwoven material, equipped with fixing ties, lattice cassette, contains a replaceable filter, while the rear wall of the cassette is covered with an air-permeable material, and the filter is a perforated tablet, a highly permeable cellular material or a block of a honeycomb structure made of titanium dioxide.

The second version of the personal protective mask consists of two layers of woven or non-woven material, between which is placed a layer of filtering layer and fixing ties, the outer layer of woven or non-woven material, the outer layer contains titanium dioxide particles 2 nm ... 10 microns in size.

The disadvantage of this protective mask is its insufficient effectiveness in the destruction of viruses and bacteria, due to the fact that titanium dioxide is most effective in combating the pathogenic environment when irradiated with ultraviolet radiation, which does not occur in the specified personal protective mask.

One of the most effective methods of antibacterial air purification used for breathing is the use of a photocatalytic filter based on titanium dioxide.

The principle of operation of the photocatalytic filter is the oxidation of substances on the surface of the catalyst, which is titanium dioxide, under the influence of soft ultraviolet radiation. Titanium dioxide absorbing a quantum of light with an energy of more than 3.2 eV (the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is less than 390 nm) generates free charge carriers - negative electrons and positive vacancies - holes. Electrons and holes, emerging on the surface of titanium dioxide, enter into redox reactions with oxygen and water vapor from the air, while toxic impurities do not accumulate on the filter, but are destroyed to harmless components of air, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. The formed oxidants damage the outer shell of microorganisms, after which they can no longer multiply and die.

A technical problem that has not been solved in the known devices, the solution of which is provided by the present utility model, is the creation of a protective medical mask, characterized by an increased level of protection against a pathogenic environment, and the level of protection should be mutual, both inhaled and exhaled air, reliability, as well as increased ergonomic characteristics.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the medical protective mask contains a housing 1, on which a replaceable filter of the initial air purification 2 is located, a check valve for releasing exhaled air 3 with a return spring 12. In the inner part of the housing 1 there is an electronic board 8, with installed on it activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum 7, behind which there is a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9 and an internal filter 13. To power the activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum 7, there is a rechargeable battery 6 located in a sealed compartment of the housing 1 and closed with a cover 4. To turn on the ultraviolet illumination of the photocatalytic filter from titanium dioxide 9 there is a switch located on the case 1 5. To ensure the tight fit of the medical protective mask to the face, a soft pad is provided 10. For attaching the mask on the face, brackets 11 are provided, to which fi xing belts.

The technical result is to increase the level of protection against a pathogenic environment, including both the wearer and others, increase the reliability of the structure, and improve the ergonomic characteristics.

An increase in the level of protection against a pathogenic environment is achieved through the use of a two-stage air filtration consisting of a replaceable initial filter 2 and a photocatalytic filter based on titanium dioxide 9. A replaceable initial air purification filter 2 retains dust particles and aerosols, the photocatalytic filter deactivates viruses and bacteria, thereby being a bactericidal filter. Due to the location of the check valve 3 in front of the photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 3 and the presence of an internal filter 13, the exhaled air is additionally filtered and the possibility of contaminated air escaping from the undermask space is excluded in case of infection of the mask carrier.

The design reliability is achieved due to the absence of mechanical parts for forced air supply. When the activation of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes stops working, due to the presence of an initial air purification filter 2, a satisfactory degree of protection against a pathogenic environment is maintained.

Increased ergonomic characteristics are achieved due to the concentration of all the necessary elements of the mask on its body, which implies the absence of any branch pipes for supplying air from external sources.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a medical protective mask in axonometric projection.

FIG. 2 shows a medical protective mask in front view.

FIG. 3 shows a medical protective mask in a side sectional view.

FIG. 4 shows a medical protective mask in the rear view.

FIG. 5 shows a medical protective mask in rear view with a removed photocatalytic titanium dioxide filter.

FIG. 6 shows a medical protective mask in a top view in section.

The protective medical mask contains a housing 1, on which a replaceable filter of the initial air purification 2 is located, a check valve for releasing exhaled air 3 with a return spring 12. In the inner part of the housing 1 there is an electronic board 8, with activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum 7 installed on it, behind which there is a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9 and an internal filter 13. To power the activation ultraviolet light-emitting diodes 7, there is a rechargeable battery 6 located in a sealed compartment of the housing 1 and closed with a cover 4. To turn on the ultraviolet illumination of the photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9, a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9 is located on the housing 1 switch 5. To ensure the tight fit of the medical protective mask to the face, a soft pad 10 is provided. For attaching the mask to the face, brackets 11 are provided, to which fixing straps can be attached.

The exhaled air release check valve 3 is located in front of the photocatalytic filter 9 and the internal filter 13.

Any air-permeable material with a titanium dioxide layer applied to it, including a mesh made of metals or plastic with a small cell size, can act as a photocatalytic filter.

Any woven or non-woven breathable material can be used as the inner filter.

The shape of the medical protective mask and the location of the brackets for attaching the fixing straps make it possible to use it in conjunction with protective face shields and goggles.

Protective medical mask works as follows. With the help of the switch 5, the activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum 7 are turned on, which initiate the operation of the photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9. When inhaled, the air passes through the replaceable filter of the initial air purification 2, while it is filtered and cleaned from dust and aerosols. Then the air passes through a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9, and the pathogenic microflora is deactivated.

When you exhale, the exhaled air passes through the internal filter 13, where the particles of the exhaled aerosols are retained. Then the air passes through a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide 9, which deactivates the pathogenic microflora in the exhaled air. Then, due to an increase in pressure in the undermask space, the exhaled air check valve 3 opens as a result of which the air is vented into the surrounding atmosphere. After cessation of exhalation, the exhaled air check valve 3 closes under the action of the spring 12.

Mask maintenance consists in changing the initial air purification filter 2 and sanitizing the mask surface with liquid disinfectants or ultraviolet irradiation.

The materials used in the construction are safe for human health.

The passage of exhaled air through the filter elements additionally protects others from the likelihood of infection when the wearer of the mask is infected, thereby the medical protective mask reduces the risk of spreading infections in an unfavorable epidemiological situation.

Claims (4)

1. A protective medical mask, containing a body (1) with brackets (12) for fastening the fixing belts, on which a replaceable filter for the initial air purification (2) is located, in turn, in the inner part of which there is an electronic board (8) with installed on it activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum (7), characterized in that a photocatalytic filter made of titanium dioxide (9) is used as a bactericidal filter with an internal filter (13) located behind it, designed to filter the exhaled air. 2. A protective medical mask according to claim 1, characterized in that for exhalation, an exhaled air release check valve (3) with a return spring (12) is provided, located in front of the titanium dioxide photocatalytic filter (9). 3. A protective medical mask according to claim 1, characterized in that a rechargeable battery (6) located in a sealed compartment of the housing (1) and closed with a lid (4) is intended to power the activation LEDs of the ultraviolet spectrum (7). 4. A protective medical mask according to claim 1, characterized in that a switch (5) located on the housing (1) is provided to turn on the activation ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (7) of the titanium dioxide photocatalytic filter (9).

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