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RU2014128614A - Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr - Google Patents

Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2014128614A
RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
monolithic substrate
exhaust system
pgm
monolithic
vaporized
Prior art date
Application number
RU2014128614A
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English (en)
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RU2620474C2 (ru
Inventor
Филип БЛЭЙКМАН
Сугато ЧАТТЕРДЖИ
Эндрю Фрэнсис ЧИФФИ
Джейн ГЭСТ
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
Радж РАДЖАРАМ
Эндрю УОЛКЕР
Original Assignee
Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Publication of RU2014128614A publication Critical patent/RU2014128614A/ru
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Publication of RU2620474C2 publication Critical patent/RU2620474C2/ru

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9459Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
    • B01D53/9477Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate silencers in series
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/0828Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • F01N2510/06Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
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    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S502/515Specific contaminant removal
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.5. Выхлопная си

Claims (23)

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:
(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;
(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и
(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,
при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.
2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.
3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.
4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.
5. Выхлопная система по п. 1, 2 или 4, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка содержит платину.
6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой PGM компонент грунтовочного покрытия на, по меньшей мере, одной второй подложке включает и платину, и палладий.
7. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd≤2.
8. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6 или 7, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает каталитическую композицию, содержащую, по меньшей мере, один металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из палладия, меди, серебра, золота и сочетаний любых двух или более из них, нанесенную на, по меньшей мере, один материал-носитель.
9. Выхлопная система по п. 8, в которой грунтовка третьей монолитной подложки включает грунтовочное покрытие, содержащие и платину, и палладий в более низком весовом отношении Pt:Pd, чем (каждая) грунтовка (каждой) второй монолитной подложки.
10. Выхлопная система по п. 9, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd в грунтовочном покрытии третьей монолитной подложки ≤2.
11. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9 или 10, включающая средство для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между первой монолитной подложкой и второй монолитной подложкой.
12. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой и третьей монолитной подложкой.
13. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между третьей монолитной подложкой и первой монолитной подложкой.
14. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка индивидуально подобрана из катализатора окисления и катализатора-абсорбера NOx (NAC).
15. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
16. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой первая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
17. Выхлопная система по п. 15, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
18. Выхлопная система по п. 16, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
19. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедных смесях, включающий выхлопную систему по любому из предшествующих пунктов.
20. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания с воспламенением от сжатия по п. 19.
21. Двигатель по п. 19 или 20, включающий средство управления двигателем, которое при использовании обеспечивает контакт, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложки с обогащенным выхлопным газом с целью образования аммиака на месте.
22. Автомобиль, включающий двигатель по любому из пп. 19, 20 или 21.
23 Способ уменьшения или предотвращения отравления катализатора селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR), расположенного на первой монолитной подложке в выхлопной системе двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, металлом платиновой группы (PGM), который может испаряться из содержащей PGM каталитической композиции, расположенной на, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложке по потоку до катализатора SCR, когда содержащая PGM каталитическая композиция оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, каковой способ включает адсорбцию испарившегося PGM, по меньшей мере, одним улавливающим PGM материалом, который расположен на третьей монолитной подложке.
RU2014128614A 2011-12-12 2012-12-11 Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr RU2620474C2 (ru)

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GBGB1200781.1A GB201200781D0 (en) 2011-12-12 2012-01-18 Exhaust system for a lean-burn ic engine comprising a pgm component and a scr catalyst
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US8668891B2 (en) 2014-03-11
GB2507689B (en) 2015-05-20
US20140186245A1 (en) 2014-07-03
GB201402435D0 (en) 2014-03-26
US8986635B2 (en) 2015-03-24
EP2790815B1 (en) 2020-05-13
BR112014013244A8 (pt) 2019-01-22
GB201200781D0 (en) 2012-02-29
DE102012222806A1 (de) 2013-06-27
KR20140110933A (ko) 2014-09-17
DE102012025751A1 (de) 2015-07-30
US20130149222A1 (en) 2013-06-13
CN104010715A (zh) 2014-08-27
CN105561786A (zh) 2016-05-11
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GB2497658B (en) 2015-05-27
CN105561786B (zh) 2018-10-02
EP2790815A1 (en) 2014-10-22
GB2497658A (en) 2013-06-19
RU2620474C2 (ru) 2017-05-25
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WO2013088132A1 (en) 2013-06-20
JP2015507116A (ja) 2015-03-05

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