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RU2014102340A - DEVICE FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GASES OF A HEAT ENGINE CONTAINING A CERAMIC CARRIER AND ACTIVE PHASE MECHANICALLY FIXED IN THE CARRIER - Google Patents

DEVICE FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GASES OF A HEAT ENGINE CONTAINING A CERAMIC CARRIER AND ACTIVE PHASE MECHANICALLY FIXED IN THE CARRIER Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2014102340A
RU2014102340A RU2014102340/04A RU2014102340A RU2014102340A RU 2014102340 A RU2014102340 A RU 2014102340A RU 2014102340/04 A RU2014102340/04 A RU 2014102340/04A RU 2014102340 A RU2014102340 A RU 2014102340A RU 2014102340 A RU2014102340 A RU 2014102340A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
stabilized
crystallites
carrier
oxide
metal particles
Prior art date
Application number
RU2014102340/04A
Other languages
Russian (ru)
Inventor
ГАЛЛО Паскаль ДЕЛЬ
Фабрис РОССИНЬОЛЬ
Тьерри ШАРТЬЕ
Рафаэль ФОР
Себастьен ГУДАЛЛЬ
Клер БОНОММ
Original Assignee
Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод
Сантр Насьональ Де Ля Решерш Сьянтифик
Юниверсите Де Лимож
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод, Сантр Насьональ Де Ля Решерш Сьянтифик, Юниверсите Де Лимож filed Critical Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод
Publication of RU2014102340A publication Critical patent/RU2014102340A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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Abstract

1. Устройство для очистки выхлопных газов теплового двигателя, содержащее:- керамический(ие) носитель(и) катализатора(ов), содержащий(ие) упаковку кристаллитов одинакового размера, одинаковой изодиаметрической морфологии и одинакового химического состава или точно того же размера, той же изодиаметрической морфологии и того же химического состава, в которой(ых) каждый кристаллит находится в точечном или квазиточечном контакте с кристаллитами, которые его окружают; причем указанные кристаллиты имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр, находящийся в интервале от 2 до 20 нм; и- активную(ые) фазу(ы) для химического разложения примесей выхлопного газа, содержащую(ие) металлические частицы, механически закрепленные в указанном носителе катализатора таким образом, что коалесценция и подвижность каждой частицы ограничены в максимальном объеме, соответствующем объему кристаллита указанного керамического носителя катализатора; причем указанные металлические частицы имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр, находящийся в интервале от 2 до 20 нм.2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что указанная упаковка изготовлена из оксида алюминия (AlO), или из оксида церия (СеО), стабилизированного или не стабилизированного оксидом гадолиния, или оксида циркония (ZrO), стабилизированного или не стабилизированного оксидом иттрия, или из фазы шпинели, или из оксида лантана (LaO), или из смеси одного или нескольких из этих соединений.3. Устройство по одному из пп. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что металлические частицы выбраны:(i) из благородных металлов, выбранных из рутения, родия, палладия, серебра, осмия, иридия, платины или сплава одного, двух или трех �1. A device for cleaning the exhaust gases of a heat engine, comprising: - ceramic (s) carrier (s) of catalyst (s), containing (s) a pack of crystallites of the same size, the same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition or exactly the same size, same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition in which each crystallite is in point or quasi-point contact with the crystallites that surround it; moreover, these crystallites have an average equivalent diameter in the range from 2 to 20 nm; and - the active phase (s) for the chemical decomposition of the exhaust gas impurities, containing (s) metal particles mechanically fixed in the specified catalyst carrier in such a way that the coalescence and mobility of each particle is limited to the maximum volume corresponding to the crystallite volume of the specified ceramic carrier a catalyst; moreover, these metal particles have an average equivalent diameter in the range from 2 to 20 nm. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said package is made of alumina (AlO) or cerium oxide (CeO) stabilized or not stabilized by gadolinium oxide or zirconium oxide (ZrO) stabilized or not stabilized by yttrium oxide, or from the spinel phase, or from lanthanum oxide (LaO), or from a mixture of one or more of these compounds. 3. The device according to one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal particles are selected: (i) from noble metals selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum or an alloy of one, two or three �

Claims (8)

1. Устройство для очистки выхлопных газов теплового двигателя, содержащее:1. A device for cleaning exhaust gases of a heat engine, comprising: - керамический(ие) носитель(и) катализатора(ов), содержащий(ие) упаковку кристаллитов одинакового размера, одинаковой изодиаметрической морфологии и одинакового химического состава или точно того же размера, той же изодиаметрической морфологии и того же химического состава, в которой(ых) каждый кристаллит находится в точечном или квазиточечном контакте с кристаллитами, которые его окружают; причем указанные кристаллиты имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр, находящийся в интервале от 2 до 20 нм; и- ceramic (s) carrier (s) of catalyst (s) containing (s) a pack of crystallites of the same size, the same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition or exactly the same size, the same isodiametric morphology and the same chemical composition in which (s) ) each crystallite is in point or quasi-point contact with the crystallites that surround it; moreover, these crystallites have an average equivalent diameter in the range from 2 to 20 nm; and - активную(ые) фазу(ы) для химического разложения примесей выхлопного газа, содержащую(ие) металлические частицы, механически закрепленные в указанном носителе катализатора таким образом, что коалесценция и подвижность каждой частицы ограничены в максимальном объеме, соответствующем объему кристаллита указанного керамического носителя катализатора; причем указанные металлические частицы имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр, находящийся в интервале от 2 до 20 нм.- the active phase (s) for the chemical decomposition of the exhaust gas impurities, containing (s) metal particles mechanically fixed in the specified catalyst carrier so that the coalescence and mobility of each particle is limited to the maximum volume corresponding to the crystallite volume of the specified ceramic catalyst carrier ; moreover, these metal particles have an average equivalent diameter in the range from 2 to 20 nm. 2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что указанная упаковка изготовлена из оксида алюминия (Al2O3), или из оксида церия (СеО2), стабилизированного или не стабилизированного оксидом гадолиния, или оксида циркония (ZrO2), стабилизированного или не стабилизированного оксидом иттрия, или из фазы шпинели, или из оксида лантана (La2O3), или из смеси одного или нескольких из этих соединений.2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said package is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), or cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), stabilized or not stabilized by gadolinium oxide, or zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), stabilized or not stabilized with yttrium oxide, or from the spinel phase, or from lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ), or from a mixture of one or more of these compounds. 3. Устройство по одному из пп. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что металлические частицы выбраны:3. The device according to one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal particles are selected: (i) из благородных металлов, выбранных из рутения, родия, палладия, серебра, осмия, иридия, платины или сплава одного, двух или трех из этих благородных металлов, или(i) from noble metals selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum or an alloy of one, two or three of these noble metals, or (ii) из переходных металлов, выбранных из никеля, серебра, золота, кобальта, меди или сплава одного, двух или трех из этих переходных металлов, или(ii) from transition metals selected from nickel, silver, gold, cobalt, copper or an alloy of one, two or three of these transition metals, or (iii) из сплавов одного, двух или трех из этих благородных металлов и одного, двух или трех из этих переходных металлов.(iii) from alloys of one, two or three of these noble metals and one, two or three of these transition metals. 4. Устройство по одному из п. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что кристаллиты имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр, находящийся в интервале от 5 до 15 нм, и металлические частицы имеют средний эквивалентный диаметр меньше 10 нм.4. The device according to one of p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the crystallites have an average equivalent diameter in the range from 5 to 15 nm, and metal particles have an average equivalent diameter of less than 10 nm. 5. Устройство по одному из пп. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что упаковка кристаллитов оптимально представляет собой, компактную гексагональную упаковку или гранецентрированную кубическую упаковку, в которой каждый кристаллит находится в точечном или квазиточечном контакте, самое большее, с 12 другими кристаллитами в трехмерном пространстве.5. The device according to one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the crystallite package optimally represents a compact hexagonal package or a face-centered cubic package in which each crystallite is in point or quasi-point contact with at most 12 other crystallites in three-dimensional space. 6. Способ очистки выхлопных газов теплового двигателя, в котором указанные выхлопные газы заставляют циркулировать через устройство по одному из пп. 1-5.6. A method of cleaning the exhaust gases of a heat engine, in which these exhaust gases are forced to circulate through the device according to one of paragraphs. 1-5. 7. Способ очистки по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что тепловой двигатель представляет собой двигатель автомобильного транспортного средства, в частности дизельный двигатель.7. The cleaning method according to claim 6, characterized in that the heat engine is an engine of an automobile vehicle, in particular a diesel engine. 8. Способ очистки по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что тепловой двигатель представляет собой двигатель автомобильного транспортного средства, предпочтительно, бензиновый двигатель.8. The cleaning method according to claim 6, characterized in that the heat engine is an engine of an automobile vehicle, preferably a gasoline engine.
RU2014102340/04A 2011-06-27 2012-06-08 DEVICE FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GASES OF A HEAT ENGINE CONTAINING A CERAMIC CARRIER AND ACTIVE PHASE MECHANICALLY FIXED IN THE CARRIER RU2014102340A (en)

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FR1155688A FR2976823B1 (en) 2011-06-27 2011-06-27 EXHAUST GAS PURIFYING DEVICE OF A THERMAL MOTOR COMPRISING A CERAMIC SUPPORT AND AN ACTIVE PHASE MECHANICALLY ANCHORED IN THE SUPPORT
FR1155688 2011-06-27
PCT/EP2012/060904 WO2013000683A1 (en) 2011-06-27 2012-06-08 Device for the purification of exhaust gases from a heat engine, comprising a ceramic carrier and an active phase mechanically anchored in the carrier

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