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RU2014146665A - Многовальный экструдер с самоочищающимися подающими валами - Google Patents

Многовальный экструдер с самоочищающимися подающими валами Download PDF

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RU2014146665A
RU2014146665A RU2014146665A RU2014146665A RU2014146665A RU 2014146665 A RU2014146665 A RU 2014146665A RU 2014146665 A RU2014146665 A RU 2014146665A RU 2014146665 A RU2014146665 A RU 2014146665A RU 2014146665 A RU2014146665 A RU 2014146665A
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feed
shafts
gap
wall
fluid material
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RU2014146665A
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RU2618565C2 (ru
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Йозеф А. Блах
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Йозеф А. Блах
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/481—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with paddles, gears or discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/485—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with three or more shafts provided with screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/70—Conditioning of rollers, e.g. cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/251—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
    • B29C48/2511—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments by modelling material flow, e.g. melt interaction with screw and barrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
    • B29C48/2715—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of plasticising units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
    • B29C48/43—Ring extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/683—Barrels or cylinders for more than two screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/251—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
    • B29C48/2517—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments of intermeshing screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

1. Многовальный экструдер для переработки текучего материала, имеющий корпус и несколько расположенных параллельно, вращающихся в одинаковом направлении, плотно сцепляющихся по меньшей мере двухзаходных подающих валов (1-12), которые направлены в соответственно отверстии (1`-4`) в корпусе, отличающийся тем, что каждый подающий вал (1-12), по меньшей мере, на части технологической длины экструдера гребнем (О) одного из своих заходов отстоит с зазором от стенки (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия, в то время как между гребнем (а, b, с, d) его другого из заходов и стенкой (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия образована щель, и подающие валы (1-12) расположены со смещением относительно друг друга на угол таким образом, что каждый расположенный между двумя подающими валами (1-12) подающий вал (1-12) посредством образующих щель гребней (а, b, с, d) обоих соседних подающих валов (1-12) является покрываемым текучим материалом на его боковых поверхностях (А, В) между его гребнями (а, b, с, d, О) по меньшей мере в одном поворотном положении, причем боковые поверхности (А, В) по меньшей мере в одном другом поворотном положении подающего вала являются снова очищаемыми от текучего материала посредством отстоящих с зазором от стенки (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия гребней (О) обоих соседних подающих валов (1-12).2. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что подающие валы (1-12) выполнены двухзаходными и расположены со смещением относительно друг друга на угол 90°, причем каждый расположенный между двумя подающими валами (1-12) подающий вал (1-12) является покрываемым текучим материалом на его боковых поверхностях (А, В) между обоими гребнями (а, b, с, d, О) в одном поворотном положении посредством образующего щель первого гребня (а, b, с, d) обоих соседних, смещенных на 90° подающих валов (1-12), причем боковые пове

Claims (7)

1. Многовальный экструдер для переработки текучего материала, имеющий корпус и несколько расположенных параллельно, вращающихся в одинаковом направлении, плотно сцепляющихся по меньшей мере двухзаходных подающих валов (1-12), которые направлены в соответственно отверстии (1`-4`) в корпусе, отличающийся тем, что каждый подающий вал (1-12), по меньшей мере, на части технологической длины экструдера гребнем (О) одного из своих заходов отстоит с зазором от стенки (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия, в то время как между гребнем (а, b, с, d) его другого из заходов и стенкой (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия образована щель, и подающие валы (1-12) расположены со смещением относительно друг друга на угол таким образом, что каждый расположенный между двумя подающими валами (1-12) подающий вал (1-12) посредством образующих щель гребней (а, b, с, d) обоих соседних подающих валов (1-12) является покрываемым текучим материалом на его боковых поверхностях (А, В) между его гребнями (а, b, с, d, О) по меньшей мере в одном поворотном положении, причем боковые поверхности (А, В) по меньшей мере в одном другом поворотном положении подающего вала являются снова очищаемыми от текучего материала посредством отстоящих с зазором от стенки (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия гребней (О) обоих соседних подающих валов (1-12).
2. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что подающие валы (1-12) выполнены двухзаходными и расположены со смещением относительно друг друга на угол 90°, причем каждый расположенный между двумя подающими валами (1-12) подающий вал (1-12) является покрываемым текучим материалом на его боковых поверхностях (А, В) между обоими гребнями (а, b, с, d, О) в одном поворотном положении посредством образующего щель первого гребня (а, b, с, d) обоих соседних, смещенных на 90° подающих валов (1-12), причем боковые поверхности (А, В) в повернутом на 180° поворотном положении подающего вала (1-12) являются снова очищаемыми от текучего материала посредством отстоящих с зазором от стенки (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия вторых гребней (О) обоих соседних подающих валов (1-12).
3. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что щель, которая образована между одним или же первым гребнем (а, b, с, d) каждого подающего вала и стенкой (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия, больше, чем зазор между по меньшей мере одним другим или же вторым гребнем (О) подающего вала (1-12) и стенкой (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия и меньше, чем глубина захода подающего вала (1-12).
4. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что зазор между по меньшей мере одним гребнем или же первым гребнем (а, b, с, d) каждого подающего вала (1-12) и стенкой (1`, 2`, 3`, 4`) отверстия составляет максимально три процента от диаметра отверстия.
5. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что подающие валы (1-12) расположены в корпусе вдоль замкнутой окружности с одинаковыми межцентровыми угловыми расстояниями.
6. Многовальный экструдер по п. 5, отличающийся тем, что предусмотрено по меньшей мере четыре подающих вала или соответствующее кратному четырех количество подающих валов (1-12).
7. Многовальный экструдер по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что подающие валы (1-12) выполнены посредством шнековых валов и/или месильных блоков.
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CN104540658A (zh) 2015-04-22
CN104540658B (zh) 2019-01-11
US20150138909A1 (en) 2015-05-21
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AT512974B1 (de) 2015-02-15
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