RU2013377C1 - Electrochemical liquid cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning of industrial and domestic water sewage. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has housing with electrode chambers separated by walls and communicated one with the other. Electrode blocks located within chambers are connected to independent power sources. First chamber in the direction of water flow is provided with nonconsumable electrodes. Lower part of this chamber is connected with filtering device adapted for preliminary cleaning of water. Electrode blocks of second and third chambers are made in the form of closed cassettes defined by nonconsumable electrodes with ion-exchange membranes disposed in their cavities between separating gaskets on guides. Cassette ends are provided with electrolyte supply and discharge branch pipes. Foam-collecting device has box with foam-collector. Apparatus is further provided with reservoir for clean water. EFFECT: increased efficiency of cleaning water and simplified construction. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices intended for the purification of industrial and domestic wastewater, natural water and other liquids.

 A device for electrochemical wastewater treatment, containing serially connected electrocoagulator and electroflotator with electrodes placed in them, water supply and drainage systems. The device is equipped with a perforated dielectric tube located in an electrocoagulator, on which cathodes of porous graphite are placed. The anodes of the electrocoagulator are made of aluminum and mounted on the housing. The electrode pairs of the electrocoagulator are separated by radial partitions, electrically connected in series with each other and closed through the electroflotator unit.

 A disadvantage of the known design is the insufficiently deep degree of purification of solutions. The use of an electrocoagulator with serially connected electrodes closed through an electroflotator block, at first glance, improves the cleaning of solutions in comparison with analogues. However, the use of aluminum electrodes in the electrocoagulator clogs wastewater with aluminum ions, which reduces the quality of effluents and does not provide water purification to the maximum permissible concentrations and is thinner.

 The proposed device for electrochemical purification of liquids (water) contains an electrocoagulator and a flotator located in a housing equipped with a water supply and drainage system.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype revealed distinctive features.

 The body of the device is divided by partitions into three chambers of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree of purification with the possibility of overflow of water from the chamber to the chamber.

 At the ends of the housing in its upper part are containers: from the side of the 1st chamber - a box with a device for collecting the foam component, from the side of the 3rd chamber - a container for purified liquid.

 An electrocoagulator is placed in the first chamber, the electrodes of which are made of poorly soluble metal, for example, stainless steel; in the lower part, the chamber is connected to a liquid pre-filtering device.

 The second and third flotation chambers are equipped with electrode cassettes placed on rails. The ends of the cassettes are placed on the walls of the housing, have terminals for contacting the electrodes of the cassettes with a current source and fittings for supplying and discharging the solution.

 Each cassette has an ion-exchange membrane with gaskets (insulating, adsorption, turbulent), located between the electrodes in a closed chamber.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed device meets the criterion of "Novelty."

 Comparison of the proposed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other solutions in this field, it was concluded that the use of a combination of distinctive features in the inventive device leads to new technical properties: the ability to improve the quality of cleaning liquids and expand the technological capabilities of the device. Therefore, the claimed device meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1.

 A device for electrochemical wastewater treatment contains an electrocoagulator, a flotator located in a housing 1 equipped with a supply system 2 and a discharge 3 of water liquid. The housing contains three chambers designed for the first cleaning stage 4, the second cleaning stage 5 and the third stage - 6. The chambers are formed by partitions 7, which provide the possibility of sequential overflow of water. In the chamber of the first stage of cleaning placed electrode blocks 8 of the electrocoagulator. The electrodes in them are made of poorly soluble metal, such as stainless steel. In the lower part of the chambers 5 and 6, electrode cassettes are placed on the rails 9. In the upper part, from the chamber 4 side, a container 10 is equipped with a device 11 for collecting a light (foam) component. In the lower part, the chamber 4 is connected to the filter device 12. The chamber 6 contacts in its upper part with a container 13 for collecting purified liquid. The ends of the 14 electrode cassettes are located on the side walls of the housing. They have terminals 15 for contacting the electrodes of the cassettes with the current source and fittings 16 for supplying and discharging the solution.

 Each electrode cassette 9 is equipped with an ion-exchange membrane 17 located between the gaskets (insulating, adsorption, etc.) and together with them is placed between the electrodes 18 in a closed chamber.

 When the device is operating, the purified liquid enters the lower part of the chamber 4. The foam component is collected by the device 11 into the container 10, and the bulk of the solution enters the chambers 5 and 6 of the electroflotator. Liquid purification is carried out using electrode cassettes 9 with ion-exchange membranes 17.

 The use in the design of an electrocoagulator with poorly soluble electrodes, a filter device, electrode cartridges with ion-exchange membranes allows you to clean the liquid from mechanical, organic and inorganic impurities.

 The device can be used in the purification of natural reservoirs, industrial and domestic wastewater, the removal of radioactivity. It can also be used to remove salts, to maintain the required level of acidity, alkalinity of water in hydraulic systems.

 The device does not require additional additives, mainly water and electric current are used, therefore it is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly object. The use of the device is aimed at preserving and purifying the environment.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CLEANING OF LIQUIDS, comprising a housing divided by partitions into interconnected chambers with electrode blocks placed therein connected to autonomous power sources, a tank for purified water, a foam collecting device and water inlet and outlet pipes, characterized in that it further comprises pre-filter device, ion-exchange membranes, gaskets, separators, electrolyte inlet and outlet pipes, the housing is divided into three electrode chambers, while the first chamber along the water being treated is provided with insoluble electrodes and is connected to the pre-filtering device in the lower part, the electrode blocks of the second and third chambers are made in the form of closed cartridges formed by insoluble electrodes, in the cavities of which ion-exchange membranes are placed between the separator gaskets and installed on guides, and the ends of the cassettes are equipped with nozzles for input and output of electrolyte, the foam collecting device is made in the form of a box equipped with a device froth collection.

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