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RU2012121861A - METHODS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM ACETIC ACID - Google Patents

METHODS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM ACETIC ACID Download PDF

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RU2012121861A
RU2012121861A RU2012121861/04A RU2012121861A RU2012121861A RU 2012121861 A RU2012121861 A RU 2012121861A RU 2012121861/04 A RU2012121861/04 A RU 2012121861/04A RU 2012121861 A RU2012121861 A RU 2012121861A RU 2012121861 A RU2012121861 A RU 2012121861A
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metal
palladium
group
platinum
ruthenium
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Виктор Дж. ДЖОНСТОН
Лайюань ЧЭНЬ
Барбара Ф. КИММИЧ
Джозефина Т. ЧЭПМАН
Джеймс Х. ЗИНК
Хейко УЭЙНЕР
Джон Л. ПОТТС
Радмила ЕВТИЦ
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Селаниз Интернэшнл Корпорейшн
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Publication of RU2012121861A publication Critical patent/RU2012121861A/en

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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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    • B01J23/622—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead
    • B01J23/626—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead with tin
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    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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    • B01J23/6567—Rhenium
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B01J37/0207—Pretreatment of the support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08—Heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
    • C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
    • C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
    • C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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Abstract

1. Способ получения этанола, включающий гидрирование уксусной кислоты в присутствии катализатора, включающего:первый металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из меди, железа, рутения, кобальта, никеля, родия, палладия, осмия, индия, платины, титана, цинка, хрома, рения, молибдена и вольфрама;второй металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из меди, железа, рутения, молибдена, олова, хрома, кобальта, ванадия, вольфрама, палладия, платины, лантана, церия, марганца, рения, золота и никеля, при том условии, что второй металл отличается от первого металла, где содержание первого металла составляет от 0,1 до 10% масс., предпочтительно от 0,1 до 5% масс., и содержание второго металла составляет от 0,1 до 20% масс., предпочтительно от 0,1 до 10% масс. в расчете на полную массу катализатора;подложку, ипо меньшей мере, один модификатор подложки, выбранный из группы, состоящей из (i) оксидов щелочноземельных металлов, (ii) оксидов щелочных металлов, (iii) метасиликатов щелочноземельных металлов, (iv) метасиликатов щелочных металлов, (v) оксидов металлов группы IIB, (vi) метасиликатов металлов группы IIB, (vii) оксидов металлов группы IIB, (viii) метасиликатов металлов группы IIIB и их смеси.2. Способ по п.1, в котором подложка выбрана из группы, включающей диоксид кремния, диоксид кремния/оксид алюминия, метасиликат кальция, пирогенный диоксид кремния, высокочистый диоксид кремния, оксид железа, оксид алюминия, диоксид титана, диоксид циркония, оксид магния, углерод, графит, имеющий высокую удельную поверхность графитизированный углерод, активированный углеродные материалы и их смеси.3. Способ по п.1, в котором, по меньшей мере, один модификатор подложки выбирают из группы, вк�1. A method for producing ethanol, including the hydrogenation of acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst, including: the first metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel, rhodium, palladium, osmium, indium, platinum, titanium, zinc, chromium , rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten; a second metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, ruthenium, molybdenum, tin, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, palladium, platinum, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, rhenium, gold and nickel, provided that the second metal is different from the first metal, where the content of the first metal is from 0.1 to 10 wt%, preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt%, and the content of the second metal is from 0.1 to 20% wt., preferably from 0.1 to 10% of the mass. based on the total weight of the catalyst; a support, and at least one support modifier selected from the group consisting of (i) alkaline earth metal oxides, (ii) alkali metal oxides, (iii) alkaline earth metal metasilicates, (iv) alkali metal metasilicates , (v) Group IIB metal oxides, (vi) Group IIB metal metasilicates, (vii) Group IIB metal oxides, (viii) Group IIIB metal metasilicates, and mixtures thereof. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of silica, silica/alumina, calcium metasilicate, pyrogenic silica, high purity silica, iron oxide, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconia, magnesium oxide, carbon , graphite having a high specific surface graphitized carbon, activated carbon materials and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one substrate modifier is selected from the group including

Claims (15)

1. Способ получения этанола, включающий гидрирование уксусной кислоты в присутствии катализатора, включающего:1. The method of producing ethanol, including hydrogenation of acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst, including: первый металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из меди, железа, рутения, кобальта, никеля, родия, палладия, осмия, индия, платины, титана, цинка, хрома, рения, молибдена и вольфрама;a first metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel, rhodium, palladium, osmium, indium, platinum, titanium, zinc, chromium, rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten; второй металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из меди, железа, рутения, молибдена, олова, хрома, кобальта, ванадия, вольфрама, палладия, платины, лантана, церия, марганца, рения, золота и никеля, при том условии, что второй металл отличается от первого металла, где содержание первого металла составляет от 0,1 до 10% масс., предпочтительно от 0,1 до 5% масс., и содержание второго металла составляет от 0,1 до 20% масс., предпочтительно от 0,1 до 10% масс. в расчете на полную массу катализатора;a second metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, ruthenium, molybdenum, tin, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, palladium, platinum, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, rhenium, gold and nickel, provided that the second metal different from the first metal, where the content of the first metal is from 0.1 to 10 wt. -%, preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt. -%, and the content of the second metal is from 0.1 to 20 wt. -%, preferably from 0, 1 to 10% of the mass. based on the total weight of the catalyst; подложку, иsubstrate, and по меньшей мере, один модификатор подложки, выбранный из группы, состоящей из (i) оксидов щелочноземельных металлов, (ii) оксидов щелочных металлов, (iii) метасиликатов щелочноземельных металлов, (iv) метасиликатов щелочных металлов, (v) оксидов металлов группы IIB, (vi) метасиликатов металлов группы IIB, (vii) оксидов металлов группы IIB, (viii) метасиликатов металлов группы IIIB и их смеси.at least one substrate modifier selected from the group consisting of (i) alkaline earth metal oxides, (ii) alkali metal oxides, (iii) alkaline earth metal metasilicates, (iv) alkali metal metasilicates, (v) group IIB metal oxides, (vi) Group IIB metal metasilicates, (vii) Group IIB metal oxides, (viii) Group IIIB metal metasilicates and mixtures thereof. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором подложка выбрана из группы, включающей диоксид кремния, диоксид кремния/оксид алюминия, метасиликат кальция, пирогенный диоксид кремния, высокочистый диоксид кремния, оксид железа, оксид алюминия, диоксид титана, диоксид циркония, оксид магния, углерод, графит, имеющий высокую удельную поверхность графитизированный углерод, активированный углеродные материалы и их смеси.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of silica, silica / alumina, calcium metasilicate, pyrogenic silica, high purity silica, iron oxide, alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconia, magnesium oxide , carbon, graphite having a high specific surface area, graphitized carbon, activated carbon materials and mixtures thereof. 3. Способ по п.1, в котором, по меньшей мере, один модификатор подложки выбирают из группы, включающей оксиды и метасиликаты натрия, калия, магния, кальция, скандия, иттрия и цинка.3. The method according to claim 1, in which at least one modifier of the substrate is selected from the group comprising oxides and metasilicates of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, scandium, yttrium and zinc. 4. Способ по п.1, в котором, по меньшей мере, один модификатор подложки присутствует в количестве от 0,1% масс. до 50% масс. в расчете на полную массу катализатора.4. The method according to claim 1, in which at least one modifier of the substrate is present in an amount of from 0.1% of the mass. up to 50% of the mass. calculated on the total weight of the catalyst. 5. Способ по п.1, в котором подложка присутствует в количестве от 25% масс. до 99% масс. в расчете на полную массу катализатора.5. The method according to claim 1, in which the substrate is present in an amount of from 25% of the mass. up to 99% of the mass. calculated on the total weight of the catalyst. 6. Способ по п.1, в котором подложка содержит менее чем 1% масс. алюминия в расчете на полную массу катализатора.6. The method according to claim 1, in which the substrate contains less than 1% of the mass. aluminum based on the total weight of the catalyst. 7. Способ по п.1, в котором первый металл представляет собой платину и второй металл представляет собой олово, и, кроме того, в котором молярное соотношение платины и олова составляет от 0,4:0,6 до 0,6:0,4.7. The method according to claim 1, in which the first metal is platinum and the second metal is tin, and, in addition, in which the molar ratio of platinum and tin is from 0.4: 0.6 to 0.6: 0, four. 8. Способ по п.1, в котором первый металл представляет собой палладий и второй металл представляет собой рений, и, кроме того, в котором молярное соотношение рения и палладия составляет от 0,7:0,3 до 0,85:0,15.8. The method according to claim 1, in which the first metal is palladium and the second metal is rhenium, and, in addition, in which the molar ratio of rhenium to palladium is from 0.7: 0.3 to 0.85: 0, fifteen. 9. Способ по п.1, в котором катализатор дополнительно включает третий металл, отличный от первого и второго металлов, где третий металл выбирают из группы, состоящей из кобальта, палладия, рутения, меди, цинка, платины, олова, и рения, и он предпочтительно присутствует в количестве от 0,05 до 4% масс. в расчете на полную массу катализатора.9. The method according to claim 1, in which the catalyst further comprises a third metal different from the first and second metals, where the third metal is selected from the group consisting of cobalt, palladium, ruthenium, copper, zinc, platinum, tin, and rhenium, and it is preferably present in an amount of from 0.05 to 4% of the mass. calculated on the total weight of the catalyst. 10. Способ по п.1, в котором уксусную кислоту получают из источника угля, источника природного газа или источника биомассы.10. The method according to claim 1, in which acetic acid is obtained from a source of coal, a source of natural gas or a source of biomass. 11. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий дегидратацию этанола, полученного во время гидрирования, для производства этилена.11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the dehydration of ethanol obtained during hydrogenation to produce ethylene. 12. Способ по п.1, в котором гидрирование осуществляют в паровой фазе при температуре от 125°C до 350°C и давлении от 10 кПа до 3000 кПа, и молярное соотношение водорода и уксусной кислоты составляет более чем 4:1.12. The method according to claim 1, in which the hydrogenation is carried out in the vapor phase at a temperature of from 125 ° C to 350 ° C and a pressure of from 10 kPa to 3000 kPa, and the molar ratio of hydrogen to acetic acid is more than 4: 1. 13. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий непрерывное удаление неочищенного этанольного продукта, полученного гидрированием уксусной кислоты, в котором неочищенный этанольный продукт включает:13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising continuously removing the crude ethanol product obtained by hydrogenation of acetic acid, in which the crude ethanol product includes: (a) этанол в количестве от 15 до 70% масс.;(a) ethanol in an amount of from 15 to 70% of the mass .; (b) уксусную кислоту в количестве от 0 до 80% масс.;(b) acetic acid in an amount of from 0 to 80% by weight .; (c) воду в количестве от 5 до 30% масс.; и(c) water in an amount of from 5 to 30% of the mass .; and (d) любые другие соединения в количестве менее чем 10% масс.,(d) any other compounds in an amount of less than 10% by weight, где все массовые процентные соотношения приведены в расчете на полную массу неочищенного этанольного продукта.where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the crude ethanol product. 14. Способ по п.1, в котором первый металл и второй металл выбирают, чтобы составить катализатор, включающий сочетание металлов, выбранное из группы, включающей сочетание медь/хром, медь/ванадий, медь/вольфрам, медь/цинк, никель/золото, никель/рений, никель/ванадий, никель/вольфрам, палладий/кобальт, палладий/хром, палладий/медь, палладий/железо, палладий/лантан, палладий/молибден, палладий/никель, палладий/рений, палладий/олово, палладий/ванадий, палладий/вольфрам, платина/кобальт, платина/хром, платина/медь, платина/железо, платина/молибден, платина/олово, рений/медь, рений/никель, рутений/кобальт, рутений/хром, рутений/медь, рутений/железо, рутений/лантан, рутений/молибден, рутений/никель и рутений/олово.14. The method according to claim 1, in which the first metal and the second metal are selected to form a catalyst comprising a combination of metals selected from the group comprising a combination of copper / chromium, copper / vanadium, copper / tungsten, copper / zinc, nickel / gold , nickel / rhenium, nickel / vanadium, nickel / tungsten, palladium / cobalt, palladium / chrome, palladium / copper, palladium / iron, palladium / lanthanum, palladium / molybdenum, palladium / nickel, palladium / rhenium, palladium / tin, palladium / vanadium, palladium / tungsten, platinum / cobalt, platinum / chromium, platinum / copper, platinum / iron, platinum / molybdenum, pl Ting / tin, rhenium / copper, rhenium / nickel, ruthenium / cobalt, ruthenium / chromium, ruthenium / copper, ruthenium / iron, ruthenium / lanthanum, ruthenium / molybdenum, ruthenium / nickel and ruthenium / tin. 15. Способ по п.1, в котором катализатор может включать третий металл, и в котором первый металл, второй металл и третий металл выбирают так, чтобы составить катализатор, включающий сочетание металлов, выбранное из группы, состоящей из платины/олова/кобальта, платины/олова/рения, платины/олова/рутения и платины/олова/палладия. 15. The method according to claim 1, in which the catalyst may include a third metal, and in which the first metal, second metal and third metal are selected so as to form a catalyst comprising a combination of metals selected from the group consisting of platinum / tin / cobalt, platinum / tin / rhenium, platinum / tin / ruthenium and platinum / tin / palladium.
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