RU2009347C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine engineering. SUBSTANCE: engine has cylinder 1 whose walls are provided with ports for forced blowing 2 and injection of fuel 3, which are provided with distributing mechanisms. Opposite pistons 4 connected to corresponding epicycloidal planet mechanisms with connecting rods are received within the cylinders. The epicycloidal mechanism has fixed gear wheel 7 positioned coaxially to cylinder axis and movable gear wheel 11 mounted for rolling over fixed wheel 7. The number of teeth of the wheels is the same. Each axle of movable wheels is provided with a lever coupled with the connecting rod. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to internal combustion engines.

 Known internal combustion engines having a cylinder, piston, connecting rod and simple crankshaft, containing two pistons in one cylinder, or using complex crankshafts, hypocycloid crank mechanisms, can slightly increase the specific power because a relatively long idle period, uneven transmission of energy to the shaft, which does not allow to facilitate the design.

 Closest to the invention is an engine comprising a housing, a cylinder, two pistons located opposite and equipped with connecting rods; each connecting rod is connected to a cycloid planetary mechanism located on the axis of the cylinder, the second mechanism being in antiphase, each cycloid mechanism comprising a fixed gear located on the axis of the cylinder and a movable gear wheel that can roll along the fixed wheel, the connecting rods are cranked to the axes of the movable wheels through the corresponding connecting rods with pistons, the injection windows are located in the areas of the closest proximity of the pistons, and the windows of the release of combustion products are made with NOSTA flue at the time of greatest divergence pistons.

 The cycloid mechanism is made in the form of gears of internal gearing.

 This engine cannot fully utilize the volume of the cylinder, since the moments of time of maximum extension of the pistons do not coincide. The coincidence conditions for the maximum extension of the pistons, and hence the most rational use of their movement, are impossible when using the cycloid mechanism of internal gearing.

 This circumstance reduces cylinder power and degrades heat dissipation, as well as internal gears, which are difficult to manufacture.

 The aim of the present invention is to increase cylinder power. This will reduce metal consumption and labor costs in the manufacture of the engine.

 The main distinguishing feature of the proposed engine is the use of a cycloid mechanism with external gears, which makes it easy to combine the moments of maximum extension of the pistons and fully utilize their stroke, the external gears are more technologically advanced and more reliable.

 In FIG. 1 shows an engine, a general view; in FIG. 2 - epicycloid planetary mechanism, general view; in FIG. Figure 3 shows the duty cycle of the engine: a) when turning the carrier by 0 degrees, b) by 45 degrees, c) by 90 degrees, d) by 135 degrees, e) by 180 degrees; in FIG. 4 is a diagram "the angle of rotation of the carrier 8 is the relative position of the pistons, (curves 1 and 2) and the curve of the change in the inner cylinder cavity.

 The diagram also shows the position of the windows and the location of the moments of purge and fuel injection.

 The proposed engine consists of a cylinder 1, forced-blowing windows 2 and fuel injection 3, equipped with distribution mechanisms, are cut through the walls. Inside the cylinder, there are oposite pistons 4 connected by connecting rods to the corresponding epicycloid planetary mechanisms.

 The epicycloid planetary mechanism comprises a fixed gear 7 fixed with a shaft 8 on the housing and located along the axis of the cylinder. The carrier 9 connects with the possibility of rolling along the gear wheel 7 the axis 10 of the movable gear wheel 11. The number of teeth of the movable and fixed wheels is the same. The movable wheel 11 is rigidly fixed on the axis 10. The crank 12 is fixedly mounted on the axis 10 and moves together with the wheel 11. The axis 13 is attached to the outer end of the crank 12, fastening the symmetrical parts of the mechanism together and the ear 14 of the connecting rod 5 is dressed on it.

 Epicycloid planetary mechanisms are out of phase, which is ensured by the connection of the corresponding main shafts through the gearbox, transmitting their movement to a single shaft.

 The engine is removed from the pinion-hub, which is integral with the carrier 9 and transmitted to the corresponding main shaft of the upper 3 (lower) pistons of the cylinder block.

 The movement of the pistons during engine operation is viewed from the dead center shown in FIG. 3a, the right piston is extended out of the cylinder as much as possible, the left one is pushed. Fuel is injected through the left window 3, combustion occurs and under the influence of excess pressure of the combustion products the left piston starts to move out of the cylinder (see Fig. 3b). The right piston also extends for a while.

 When turning the carrier 90 degrees (see Fig. 3c), the distance between the pistons is maximum, the expansion process is completed, the purge windows 2 open on the left and right, air is supplied from the air pump through one of them, removing combustion products, and it doesn’t matter which valve is used for intake, and which for release. Valves are closed, carrier 9 turns 135 degrees. The right piston rapidly extends into the cylinder, the left slowly moves towards it, the inner cylinder cavity decreases, the air is compressed and when the carrier rotates 180 degrees, when the inner cylinder cavity is minimal (see Fig. 3d) fuel is injected through the right window (the working cycle is completed).

 The diagram "Angle of rotation - mutual position of the pistons" is shown in FIG. 4. Curves 1,2,3 show volume changes inside the cylinder cavity. The nature of curve 3 is determined by the length of the crank 12, for a given length of 0, the motion degenerates into the usual one for a simple crank mechanism.

 As the crank 12 increases to infinity, the same phenomenon will occur.

 The indicated scheme is suitable for both diesel and carburetor engines, with and without forced blowing of cylinders.

 In the carburetor version, the fuel injection windows 3 are replaced by candles recessed in the cylinder walls, the combustion exhaust and purge windows 2 are supplied with the fuel mixture from the carburetor. No other structural changes are required.

 When the scheme is implemented without forced purging of the cylinders, the purge windows are not cut through. One of the injection windows 2 is used to release combustion products and air intake, the other is used for its intended purpose. The previously described cycle of movement of the pistons in this case is carried out twice. At the first piston stroke, the combustion products are expanded and displaced into the window used for exhaust. In the second stroke (reverse), air sampling, compression and fuel injection are performed. Thus, the whole process is carried out in two stages.

 The use of these engines both in the diesel and in the carburetor version will significantly increase the cylinder power of the engine and efficiency. (56) U.S. Patent No. 2,199,625, cl. F 02 B 75/22, publ. 1940.

Claims (1)

 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, comprising a housing, at least one cylinder, counter-moving pistons placed therein with the formation of a common combustion chamber, a gas distribution mechanism, motion conversion mechanisms associated with the pistons, each of which is made in the form of a central gear fixed to the housing, a carrier mounted coaxially with the central gear, rolling gears, engaged with the latter, fixed on an axis, freely mounted on the carrier, connecting rod connected to the piston, eccentrics the second mechanism, mounted on the axis of the rolling gear and connected to the connecting rod, and the output shaft associated with the carrier, and the gas distribution mechanism is made in the form of inlet and outlet windows located at opposite ends of the cylinder in the region of the extreme dead points, characterized in that, with In order to increase efficiency, the gear wheel and the central gear are made in the form of external gearing, the eccentric mechanism is made in the form of a crank, and the retract gear is fixed coaxially with the central gear on the carrier. and the power associated with the output shaft, the gear and the central gear is formed with the same number of teeth.

Images