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RU2009135074A - Система доочистки выхлопных газов - Google Patents

Система доочистки выхлопных газов Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2009135074A
RU2009135074A RU2009135074/06A RU2009135074A RU2009135074A RU 2009135074 A RU2009135074 A RU 2009135074A RU 2009135074/06 A RU2009135074/06 A RU 2009135074/06A RU 2009135074 A RU2009135074 A RU 2009135074A RU 2009135074 A RU2009135074 A RU 2009135074A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
nox
udsf
signal
ussc
mode
Prior art date
Application number
RU2009135074/06A
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English (en)
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RU2455505C2 (ru
Inventor
Кристер АЛЬМ (SE)
Кристер АЛЬМ
Ингемар ЭКЕРСТРЁМ (SE)
Ингемар ЭКЕРСТРЁМ
Ханс БЕРНЛЕР (SE)
Ханс БЕРНЛЕР
Юхан БЕНГТССОН (SE)
Юхан БЕНГТССОН
Original Assignee
Вольво Ластвагнар Аб (Se)
Вольво Ластвагнар Аб
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Publication of RU2009135074A publication Critical patent/RU2009135074A/ru
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Publication of RU2455505C2 publication Critical patent/RU2455505C2/ru

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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Abstract

1. Система доочистки выхлопных газов, содержащая ! узел дизельного сажевого фильтра (УДСФ), установленный за дизельным двигателем по направлению газового потока, ! узел селективного каталитического восстановления (УСКВ), сообщающийся с УДСФ, ! первый инжектор для подачи восстанавливающего агента в выхлопные газы, установленный по направлению газового потока за УДСФ и перед УСКВ, ! по меньшей мере один датчик NOx, установленный по направлению газового потока за УСКВ для предоставления по меньшей мере одного сигнала по NOx координатору NOx, ! по меньшей мере один датчик температуры, установленный по направлению газового потока перед и/или за УСКВ для предоставления по меньшей мере одного температурного сигнала координатору NOx, ! причем координатор NOx предназначен для переключения данного дизельного двигателя в режим высокого уровня NOx или режим низкого уровня NOx в зависимости от значений по меньшей мере одного сигнала по NOx и/или по меньшей мере одного температурного сигнала. ! 2. Система по п.1, в которой дизельный двигатель переключается в режим низкого или высокого уровня NOx путем изменения одного или более параметров, включающих количество рециркулирующих выхлопных газов (РВГ), давление наддува, момент впрыска топлива, давление впрыска топлива, число впрысков топлива. ! 3. Система по п.1 или 2, в которой упомянутое переключение режима высокого уровня NOx в режим низкого уровня NOx выполняется, когда сигнал по NOx выше заданного порогового значения. ! 4. Система по п.3, в которой упомянутое пороговое значение сигнала по NOx связано с допустимой величиной выбросов. ! 5. Система по п.1, в которой упомянутое переключение режима ни�

Claims (35)

1. Система доочистки выхлопных газов, содержащая
узел дизельного сажевого фильтра (УДСФ), установленный за дизельным двигателем по направлению газового потока,
узел селективного каталитического восстановления (УСКВ), сообщающийся с УДСФ,
первый инжектор для подачи восстанавливающего агента в выхлопные газы, установленный по направлению газового потока за УДСФ и перед УСКВ,
по меньшей мере один датчик NOx, установленный по направлению газового потока за УСКВ для предоставления по меньшей мере одного сигнала по NOx координатору NOx,
по меньшей мере один датчик температуры, установленный по направлению газового потока перед и/или за УСКВ для предоставления по меньшей мере одного температурного сигнала координатору NOx,
причем координатор NOx предназначен для переключения данного дизельного двигателя в режим высокого уровня NOx или режим низкого уровня NOx в зависимости от значений по меньшей мере одного сигнала по NOx и/или по меньшей мере одного температурного сигнала.
2. Система по п.1, в которой дизельный двигатель переключается в режим низкого или высокого уровня NOx путем изменения одного или более параметров, включающих количество рециркулирующих выхлопных газов (РВГ), давление наддува, момент впрыска топлива, давление впрыска топлива, число впрысков топлива.
3. Система по п.1 или 2, в которой упомянутое переключение режима высокого уровня NOx в режим низкого уровня NOx выполняется, когда сигнал по NOx выше заданного порогового значения.
4. Система по п.3, в которой упомянутое пороговое значение сигнала по NOx связано с допустимой величиной выбросов.
5. Система по п.1, в которой упомянутое переключение режима низкого уровня NOx в режим высокого уровня NOx выполняется, когда сигнал по NOx ниже заданного порогового значения и упомянутый температурный сигнал находится между первой температурой Т1 и второй температурой Т2.
6. Система по п.5, в которой упомянутое заданное пороговое значение зависит от потока выхлопных газов и/или соотношения NO2/NO и далее может адаптироваться.
7. Система по п.5, в которой упомянутая первая температура Т1 зависит от потока выхлопных газов и/или соотношения NO2/NO и далее может адаптироваться.
8. Система по п.1, в которой упомянутое переключение режима низкого уровня NOx в режим высокого уровня NOx, кроме того, зависит от содержания мочевины и/или расчетного количества сажи в УДСФ.
9. Система по п.1, в которой УДСФ представляет собой дизельный сажевый фильтр (ДСФ), покрытый катализатором окисления.
10. Система по п.1, в которой УДСФ включает в себя дизельный катализатор окисления (ДКО), способный превращать NO в NO2 перед ДСФ по направлению газового потока.
11. Система по п.1 или 2, в которой между двигателем и УДСФ установлен тепловой генератор.
12. Система по п.11, в которой тепловой генератор включает в себя ДКО, способный превращать топливо в диоксид углерода и воду.
13. Система по п.11, в которой тепловой генератор представляет из себя горелку.
14. Система по п.1, включающая в себя катализатор восстановления NO2, сообщающийся с УДСФ и УСКВ.
15. Система по п.14, в которой предусмотрен катализатор восстановления NO2 по направлению газового потока за УДСФ и перед УСКВ.
16. Система по п.14, в которой упомянутый катализатор восстановления NO2 располагают как зональное покрытие на УСКВ или зональное покрытие на УДСФ.
17. Способ доочистки выхлопных газов, включающий следующие шаги:
окисление NO в NO2 и улавливание частиц от сгорания в узле дизельного сажевого фильтра (УДСФ), сообщающемся с дизельным двигателем,
восстановление NO2 в NO в узле селективного каталитического восстановления (УСКВ), сообщающемся с УДСФ,
впрыскивание в выхлопные газы восстанавливающего агента первым инжектором, расположенным по направлению газового потока за УДСФ и перед УСКВ,
предоставление сигнала по NOx координатору NOx по меньшей мере от одного датчика NOx, установленного по направлению газового потока за УСКВ,
предоставление температурного сигнала упомянутому координатору NOx по меньшей мере от одного датчика температуры, установленного по направлению газового потока перед и/или за УСКВ,
переключение дизельного двигателя в режим высокого уровня NOx или режим низкого уровня NOx в зависимости от значений по меньшей мере одного сигнала по NOx и/или по меньшей мере одного температурного сигнала.
18. Способ по п.17, в котором дизельный двигатель переключают в режим низкого или высокого уровня NOx путем изменения одного или более параметров, включающих количество рециркулирующих выхлопных газов (РВГ), давление наддува, момент впрыска топлива, давление впрыска топлива, число впрысков топлива.
19. Способ по п.17 или 18, в котором упомянутое переключение режима высокого уровня NOx в режим низкого уровня NOx выполняют, когда сигнал по NOx выше заданного порогового значения.
20. Способ по п.19, в котором упомянутое пороговое значение сигнала по NOx связано с допустимой величиной выбросов.
21. Способ по п.17, в котором упомянутое переключение режима низкого уровня NOx в режим высокого уровня NOx выполняют, когда сигнал по NOx ниже заданного порогового значения и упомянутый температурный сигнал находится между первой температурой Т1 и второй температурой Т2.
22. Способ по п.21, в котором упомянутое заданное пороговое значение зависит от потока выхлопных газов и/или соотношения NO2/NO и далее может адаптироваться.
23. Способ по п.21, в котором упомянутая первая температура Т1 зависит от потока выхлопных газов и/или соотношения NO2/NO и далее может адаптироваться.
24. Способ по п.17, в котором упомянутое переключение режима низкого уровня NOx в режим высокого уровня NOx, кроме того, зависит от содержания мочевины и/или расчетного количества сажи в УДСФ.
25. Способ по п.17, в котором используют покрытие дизельного сажевого фильтра (ДСФ) материалом катализатора окисления.
26. Способ по п.17, в котором используют дизельный катализатор окисления (ДКО) для превращения NO в NO2 по направлению газового потока за ДСФ, улавливающим частицы от сгорания.
27. Способ по п.26, в котором по направлению газового потока перед ДСФ устанавливают ДКО.
28. Способ по п.17, в котором используют тепловой генератор, устанавливаемый между дизельным двигателем и УДСФ.
29. Способ по п.17, в котором тепловой генератор включает в себя дизельный катализатор окисления ДКО для превращения топлива в диоксид углерода и воду.
30. Способ по п.17, в котором в качестве теплового генератора используют горелку.
31. Способ по п.17, в котором используют датчик NO2, устанавливаемый по направлению газового потока за катализатором восстановления NO2.
32. Способ по п.31, в котором:
используют упомянутый катализатор восстановления NO2 в качестве зонального покрытия на ДСФ и
располагают упомянутый первый инжектор перед этим зональным покрытием.
33. Способ по п.31, в котором:
располагают упомянутый катализатор восстановления NO2 в качестве зонального покрытия на УСКВ и
располагают упомянутые первый и второй инжекторы как отдельный узел по направлению газового потока за УДСФ и перед катализатором восстановления NO2 и УСКВ.
34. Способ по п.17, в котором:
располагают упомянутый катализатор восстановления NO2 как зональное покрытие на УСКВ и как зональное покрытие на ДСФ и располагают первый инжектор перед зональным покрытием катализатора восстановления NO2 на ДСФ.
35. Считываемая компьютером память, включающая программный код для выполнения способа по любому из пп.17-34.
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CN101646847B (zh) 2012-11-28
US20100139250A1 (en) 2010-06-10
BRPI0807355A2 (pt) 2014-05-06
RU2455505C2 (ru) 2012-07-10
US8468806B2 (en) 2013-06-25
US20100101213A1 (en) 2010-04-29
ES2531164T3 (es) 2015-03-11
JP5431966B2 (ja) 2014-03-05
US20100139249A1 (en) 2010-06-10
JP2010519459A (ja) 2010-06-03
ES2428163T3 (es) 2013-11-06

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