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RU2008106463A - Способ реактивации термически состарившихся каталитических нейтрализаторов-накопителей оксидов азота - Google Patents

Способ реактивации термически состарившихся каталитических нейтрализаторов-накопителей оксидов азота Download PDF

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RU2008106463A
RU2008106463A RU2008106463/04A RU2008106463A RU2008106463A RU 2008106463 A RU2008106463 A RU 2008106463A RU 2008106463/04 A RU2008106463/04 A RU 2008106463/04A RU 2008106463 A RU2008106463 A RU 2008106463A RU 2008106463 A RU2008106463 A RU 2008106463A
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catalytic converter
nitrogen oxides
exhaust gas
accumulator
vol
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RU2008106463/04A
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RU2398632C2 (ru
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Майке ВИТТРОКК (DE)
Майке ВИТТРОКК
Ульрих ГЕБЕЛЬ (DE)
Ульрих ГЕБЕЛЬ
Томас КРОЙЦЕР (DE)
Томас КРОЙЦЕР
Мария Кристина КАСАПУ (DE)
Мария Кристина КАСАПУ
Ян-Дирк ГРУНВАЛЬДТ (CH)
Ян-Дирк ГРУНВАЛЬДТ
Марек МАЦЕВСКИЙ (CH)
Марек МАЦЕВСКИЙ
Альфонс БАЙКЕР (CH)
Альфонс БАЙКЕР
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Умикоре Аг Унд Ко.Кг (De)
Умикоре Аг Унд Ко.Кг
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
    • B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
    • B01J38/06—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using steam
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
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    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
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Abstract

1. Способ реактивации термически состарившегося каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота, который имеет основные соединения стронция или бария либо соединения стронция и бария на содержащем оксид церия материале-носителе, а также содержит образовавшиеся в результате термического старения соединения стронция и/или бария с материалом-носителем, отличающийся тем, что соединения стронция и/или бария с материалом-носителем разлагают путем их проводимой при температуре в пределах от 300 до 500°С обработки газовой смесью, содержащей диоксид азота в количестве от 0,05 до 5 об.%, водяной пар в количестве от 5 до 15 об.% и диоксид углерода в количестве от 0 до 20 об.%. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота является компонентом системы нейтрализации отработавших газов (ОГ), которой оснащено транспортное средство с двигателем, работающим на обедненных горючих смесях, и с системой рециркуляции ОГ, при этом в качестве газовой смеси для реактивации каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота используют ОГ двигателя, а реактивацию каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота проводят в рабочей точке работающего на обедненных горючих смесях двигателя, в которой температура ОГ составляет от 300 до 500°С. ! 3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что для повышения содержания оксидов азота в ОГ отключают систему рециркуляции ОГ и/или момент воспламенения горючей смеси в двигателе изменяют с таким расчетом, чтобы увеличить температуру в цилиндрах двигателя. ! 4. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что ОГ, используемые для реактивации каталитического нейтр

Claims (8)

1. Способ реактивации термически состарившегося каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота, который имеет основные соединения стронция или бария либо соединения стронция и бария на содержащем оксид церия материале-носителе, а также содержит образовавшиеся в результате термического старения соединения стронция и/или бария с материалом-носителем, отличающийся тем, что соединения стронция и/или бария с материалом-носителем разлагают путем их проводимой при температуре в пределах от 300 до 500°С обработки газовой смесью, содержащей диоксид азота в количестве от 0,05 до 5 об.%, водяной пар в количестве от 5 до 15 об.% и диоксид углерода в количестве от 0 до 20 об.%.
2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота является компонентом системы нейтрализации отработавших газов (ОГ), которой оснащено транспортное средство с двигателем, работающим на обедненных горючих смесях, и с системой рециркуляции ОГ, при этом в качестве газовой смеси для реактивации каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота используют ОГ двигателя, а реактивацию каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота проводят в рабочей точке работающего на обедненных горючих смесях двигателя, в которой температура ОГ составляет от 300 до 500°С.
3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что для повышения содержания оксидов азота в ОГ отключают систему рециркуляции ОГ и/или момент воспламенения горючей смеси в двигателе изменяют с таким расчетом, чтобы увеличить температуру в цилиндрах двигателя.
4. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что ОГ, используемые для реактивации каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота, содержат также кислород в количестве от 5 до 20 об.%, а в остальном - в основном азот, при этом обработку проводят в течение 0,5-5 ч.
5. Способ по п.4, отличающийся тем, что система нейтрализации ОГ имеет расположенный вблизи двигателя каталитический нейтрализатор и расположенный под днищем кузова каталитический нейтрализатор.
6. Способ по п.5, отличающийся тем, что оба каталитических нейтрализатора представляют собой или содержат каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота.
7. Способ по п.5, отличающийся тем, что расположенный вблизи двигателя каталитический нейтрализатор представляет собой или содержит каталитический нейтрализатор дизельных ОГ с катализатором окисления или трехкомпонентный каталитический нейтрализатор, а расположенный под днищем кузова каталитический нейтрализатор представляет собой или содержит каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота.
8. Способ реактивации термически состарившегося каталитического нейтрализатора-накопителя оксидов азота, который имеет основные соединения стронция или бария либо соединения стронция и бария на содержащем оксид церия материале-носителе, а также содержит образовавшиеся в результате термического старения соединения стронция и/или бария с материалом-носителем, отличающийся тем, что каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота является компонентом системы выпуска отработавших газов, которой оснащено транспортное средство с двигателем, работающим на обедненных горючих смесях, при этом каталитический нейтрализатор-накопитель оксидов азота для его реактивации демонтируют в ходе очередного технического обслуживания и обрабатывают в течение 0,1-5 ч газовой смесью, содержащей оксиды азота в количестве от 1 до 35 об.%, кислород в количестве от 5 до 50 об.%, водяной пар в количестве от 5 до 30 об.%, диоксид углерода в количестве от 0 до 20 об.% и необязательно азот в количестве, недостающем до 100 об.%.
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