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RU2007121261A - DIESEL FUEL ADDITIVES CONTAINING CERIUM OR MANganese AND WASHING ADDITIVES - Google Patents

DIESEL FUEL ADDITIVES CONTAINING CERIUM OR MANganese AND WASHING ADDITIVES Download PDF

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RU2007121261A
RU2007121261A RU2007121261/04A RU2007121261A RU2007121261A RU 2007121261 A RU2007121261 A RU 2007121261A RU 2007121261/04 A RU2007121261/04 A RU 2007121261/04A RU 2007121261 A RU2007121261 A RU 2007121261A RU 2007121261 A RU2007121261 A RU 2007121261A
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fuel
additive
demulsifier
diesel
detergent
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RU2007121261/04A
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RU2354683C2 (en
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Джозеф В. РОСС (US)
Джозеф В. РОСС
Данкан РИЧАРДСОН (GB)
Данкан РИЧАРДСОН
Дэвид Джон КЛЭЙДОН (GB)
Дэвид Джон КЛЭЙДОН
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Афтон Кемикал Корпорейшн (Us)
Афтон Кемикал Корпорейшн
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
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    • C10L10/12Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
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    • C10L10/00Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/18Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
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    • C10L1/1985Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
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    • C10L1/1988Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid epoxy resins and derivatives; natural resins, e.g. colophony
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Abstract

1. Способ улучшения эффективности дизельного топлива для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, который включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы церия, моющую присадку/диспергатор и деэмульгатор.2. Способ по п.1, в котором моющая присадка/диспергатор присутствует в пакете добавок в количестве примерно от 5 до 20 мас.%.3. Способ по п.1, в котором моющая присадка/диспергатор выбрана из группы, состоящей из алкенилзамещенных сукцинимидов, амидов, аминов, оснований Манниха и полиэфираминов.4. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает одно или несколько веществ, выбранных из группы, состоящей из присадок, повышающих цетановое число, и дезактиваторов металла.5. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает источник марганца.6. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает деэмульгатор, выбранный из группы, состоящей из оксилированных алкилфенольных смол, и полимера формальдегида с 4-(1,1-диметилэтил)фенолом, метилоксираном и оксираном.7. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно до 24 мг/кг.8. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно от 8 до 24 мг/кг.9. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно от 0,1 до 8 мг/кг.10. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно 0,2 мг/кг.11. Способ по п.1, в котором добавка к топливу включает от 1 до 200 ч./млн наночастиц оксида церия с размером частиц от 1 до 300 нм; о�1. A method of improving the efficiency of diesel fuel for an internal combustion engine, which includes adding to the fuel, before introducing the fuel into a vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a package of diesel fuel additives comprising cerium nanoparticles, a detergent / dispersant and a demulsifier. ... The method of claim 1, wherein the detergent / dispersant is present in the additive package in an amount of about 5 to 20 wt%. The method of claim 1, wherein the detergent / dispersant is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl-substituted succinimides, amides, amines, Mannich bases, and polyether amines. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive package further comprises one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cetane number improvers and metal deactivators. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive package further comprises a source of manganese. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive package further comprises a demulsifier selected from the group consisting of oxidized alkyl phenol resins and a formaldehyde polymer with 4- (1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, methyloxirane and oxirane. The method of claim 1, wherein the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of up to about 24 mg / kg. The method of claim 1, wherein the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of about 8 to 24 mg / kg. The method of claim 1, wherein the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of about 0.1 to 8 mg / kg. The method of claim 1, wherein the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of about 0.2 mg / kg. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel additive comprises 1 to 200 ppm cerium oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 1 to 300 nm; o�

Claims (35)

1. Способ улучшения эффективности дизельного топлива для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, который включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы церия, моющую присадку/диспергатор и деэмульгатор.1. A method of improving the efficiency of diesel fuel for an internal combustion engine, which includes adding to the fuel before introducing the fuel into the vehicle or other device including the internal combustion engine, a diesel fuel additive package comprising cerium nanoparticles, a washing additive / dispersant and a demulsifier. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором моющая присадка/диспергатор присутствует в пакете добавок в количестве примерно от 5 до 20 мас.%.2. The method according to claim 1, in which the detergent additive / dispersant is present in the additive package in an amount of from about 5 to 20 wt.%. 3. Способ по п.1, в котором моющая присадка/диспергатор выбрана из группы, состоящей из алкенилзамещенных сукцинимидов, амидов, аминов, оснований Манниха и полиэфираминов.3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the detergent / dispersant is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl substituted succinimides, amides, amines, Mannich bases and polyetheramines. 4. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает одно или несколько веществ, выбранных из группы, состоящей из присадок, повышающих цетановое число, и дезактиваторов металла.4. The method according to claim 1, in which the additive package further includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cetane number improvers and metal deactivators. 5. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает источник марганца.5. The method according to claim 1, in which the package of additives further includes a source of manganese. 6. Способ по п.1, в котором пакет добавок далее включает деэмульгатор, выбранный из группы, состоящей из оксилированных алкилфенольных смол, и полимера формальдегида с 4-(1,1-диметилэтил)фенолом, метилоксираном и оксираном.6. The method according to claim 1, in which the additive package further includes a demulsifier selected from the group consisting of oxidized alkyl phenol resins and a formaldehyde polymer with 4- (1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, methyloxyran and oxirane. 7. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно до 24 мг/кг.7. The method according to claim 1, in which the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of up to about 24 mg / kg 8. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно от 8 до 24 мг/кг.8. The method according to claim 1, in which the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of approximately from 8 to 24 mg / kg 9. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно от 0,1 до 8 мг/кг.9. The method according to claim 1, in which the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of from about 0.1 to 8 mg / kg 10. Способ по п.1, в котором деэмульгатор имеет содержание фосфора, составляющее примерно 0,2 мг/кг.10. The method according to claim 1, in which the demulsifier has a phosphorus content of approximately 0.2 mg / kg 11. Способ по п.1, в котором добавка к топливу включает от 1 до 200 ч./млн наночастиц оксида церия с размером частиц от 1 до 300 нм; от 5 до 15 мас.% моющей присадки/диспергатора, выбранной из группы, состоящей из алкенилзамещенных сукцинимидов, оснований Манниха, амидов, аминов и полиэфираминов; и от 1 до 10 мас.% деэмульгатора, выбранного из группы, состоящей из оксилированных алкилфенольных смол и полимера формальдегида с 4-(1,1-диметилэтил)фенолом, метилоксираном и оксираном, где уровень фосфора в деэмульгаторе составляет менее 8 мг/кг.11. The method according to claim 1, in which the fuel additive comprises from 1 to 200 ppm cerium oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of from 1 to 300 nm; from 5 to 15 wt.% detergent / dispersant selected from the group consisting of alkenyl substituted succinimides, Mannich bases, amides, amines and polyetheramines; and from 1 to 10% by weight of a demulsifier selected from the group consisting of oxylated alkyl phenol resins and a formaldehyde polymer with 4- (1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, methyloxyran and oxirane, where the phosphorus level in the demulsifier is less than 8 mg / kg. 12. Способ по п.1, в котором моющая присадка/диспергатор включает растворимую в топливе моющую присадку, содержащую щелочной или щелочноземельный металл.12. The method according to claim 1, in which the detergent additive / dispersant includes a fuel-soluble detergent additive containing an alkaline or alkaline earth metal. 13. Добавка к топливу, которая включает оксид церия и/или источник марганца и моющую присадку.13. A fuel additive that includes cerium oxide and / or a source of manganese and a detergent additive. 14. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой концентрация оксида церия и/или марганца составляет от 0,1 до 10 мас.%.14. The fuel additive according to item 13, in which the concentration of cerium oxide and / or manganese is from 0.1 to 10 wt.%. 15. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой концентрация наночастиц оксида церия и/или марганца составляет от 0,5 до 5 мас.%.15. The fuel additive according to item 13, in which the concentration of cerium and / or manganese oxide nanoparticles is from 0.5 to 5 wt.%. 16. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой моющая присадка представляет собой основную азотсодержащую беззольную моющую присадку.16. The fuel additive according to item 13, in which the detergent additive is a basic nitrogen-containing ashless detergent additive. 17. Добавка к топливу по п.13, где моющая присадка представляет собой сукцинимид, который в среднем содержит, по меньшей мере, 3 атома азота на молекулу.17. The fuel additive according to item 13, where the detergent additive is a succinimide, which on average contains at least 3 nitrogen atoms per molecule. 18. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой сукцинимид получают из алкил- или алкенилянтарного ацилирующего средства, содержащего, по меньшей мере, 35 атомов 30 углерода в алкильной или алкенильной части, и алкиленполиаминовой смеси, содержащей в среднем, по меньшей мере, 3 атома азота на молекулу.18. The fuel additive of claim 13, wherein the succinimide is prepared from an alkyl or alkenyl succinic acylating agent containing at least 35 carbon atoms 30 in the alkyl or alkenyl moiety and an alkylene polyamine mixture containing on average at least 3 nitrogen atoms per molecule. 19. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой сукцинимид получают из полиизобутенилянтарного ацилирующего средства, получаемого из полиизобутилена, имеющего среднечисленную молекулярную массу от 500 до 10000, и этиленполиамина, имеющего средний состав от триэтилентетрамина до пентаэтиленгексамина.19. The fuel additive of claim 13, wherein the succinimide is prepared from a polyisobutenyl succinic acylating agent derived from polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 and ethylene polyamine having an average composition of triethylenetetramine to pentaethylene hexamine. 20. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой алифатическая цепь сукцинимида имеет молекулярную массу от 500 до 2500.20. The fuel additive according to item 13, in which the aliphatic chain of succinimide has a molecular weight of from 500 to 2500. 21. Добавка к топливу по п.13, в которой алифатическая цепь сукцинимида имеет молекулярную массу от 750 до 1500.21. The fuel additive according to item 13, in which the aliphatic chain of succinimide has a molecular weight of from 750 to 1500. 22. Добавка к топливу по любому из пп.13-21, которая также включает одно или несколько веществ, выбранных из группы, состоящей из присадки для снижения мутности, противопенообразователя, присадки, улучшающей воспламенение, противокоррозионной добавки, отдушки, антиоксиданта, дезактиватора металла, присадки, улучшающей смазывающую способность и деэмульгатора.22. The fuel additive according to any one of paragraphs.13-21, which also includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of an additive for reducing turbidity, an anti-foaming agent, an additive that improves ignition, an anti-corrosion additive, perfume, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator, lubricity improver and demulsifier. 23. Добавка к топливу по п.13, которая включает растворитель, который представляет собой алифатический или ароматический углеводород или алифатический спирт.23. The fuel additive according to item 13, which includes a solvent that is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol. 24. Способ улучшения стабильности дизельного топлива, причем указанный способ включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.24. A method of improving the stability of diesel fuel, said method comprising adding to the fuel before introducing fuel into the vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a package of diesel fuel additives comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles, a detergent additive and a demulsifier. 25. Способ улучшения сгорания в дизельном двигателе, причем указанный способ включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.25. A method for improving combustion in a diesel engine, said method comprising adding to the fuel before introducing fuel into the vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a package of diesel fuel additives including cerium oxide nanoparticles, a washing additive and a demulsifier. 26. Способ снижения дыма при сгорании в дизельном двигателе, причем указанный способ включает способ улучшения стабильности дизельного топлива, причем указанный способ включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.26. A method of reducing smoke during combustion in a diesel engine, said method comprising a method for improving the stability of diesel fuel, said method comprising adding to a fuel before introducing fuel into a vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a diesel fuel additive package comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles, detergent and demulsifier. 27. Способ улучшения растворимости металлоорганической добавки к дизельному топливу, причем указанный способ включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.27. A method for improving the solubility of an organometallic additive for diesel fuel, said method comprising adding to the fuel before introducing fuel into a vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a package of additives for diesel fuel including cerium oxide nanoparticles, a washing additive and a demulsifier. 28. Способ снижения мутности дизельного топлива, содержащего добавки к дизельному топливу, причем указанный способ включает добавление к топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство, включающее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.28. A method of reducing the turbidity of diesel fuel containing additives for diesel fuel, said method comprising adding to the fuel before introducing fuel into a vehicle or other device including an internal combustion engine, a package of diesel fuel additives comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles, a washing additive, and demulsifier. 29. Способ уменьшения засорения топливных фильтров в транспортном средстве или другом устройстве, использующем дизельный двигатель, сжигающий дизельное топливо и имеющий топливный фильтр, причем указанный способ включает добавление к дизельному топливу перед введением топлива в транспортное средство или другое устройство пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия, моющую присадку и деэмульгатор.29. A method of reducing clogging of fuel filters in a vehicle or other device using a diesel engine burning a diesel fuel and having a fuel filter, said method comprising adding to the diesel fuel before introducing fuel into the vehicle or other device a package of diesel fuel additives comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles, detergent and demulsifier. 30. Способ улучшения деэмульгирования добавки к топливу, включающий добавление к добавке к топливу наночастиц оксида церия, моющей присадки и деэмульгатора, где деэмульгатор содержит примерно менее 30 мг/кг фосфора.30. A method for improving the demulsification of a fuel additive, comprising adding cerium oxide nanoparticles, a detergent and a demulsifier to the fuel additive, wherein the demulsifier contains about less than 30 mg / kg of phosphorus. 31. Улучшенный пакет добавок к топливу по настоящему описанию может включать вещество, содержащее два или более металлсодержащих катализаторов сгорания, моющую присадку/диспергатор и деэмульгатор, содержащий примерно до 30 мг/кг фосфора.31. An improved fuel additive package as described herein may include a substance containing two or more metal-containing combustion catalysts, a detergent / dispersant, and a demulsifier containing up to about 30 mg / kg phosphorus. 32. Способ уменьшения пены в дизельном топливе, причем указанный способ включает подготовку для топлива пакета добавок к топливу, включающего наночастицы оксида церия и алкилнитратную присадку, повышающую цетановое число.32. A method of reducing foam in diesel fuel, said method comprising preparing a fuel additive package for fuel comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles and an alkyl nitrate additive that increases the cetane number. 33. Система понижения токсичности выхлопа для окончательной обработки потока выхлопных газов процесса сгорания дизельного топлива, включающая:33. A system for reducing exhaust toxicity for the final processing of the exhaust gas stream of a diesel fuel combustion process, including: канал выхлопных газов для прохождения потока выхлопных газов, содержащего побочные продукты выхлопа от сгорания дизельного топлива,an exhaust gas channel for passing an exhaust gas stream containing exhaust by-products from the combustion of diesel fuel, катализатор окисления,oxidation catalyst сажевой фильтр, выбранный из группы, состоящей из дизельного сажевого фильтра непрерывно регенерируемой технологии, дизельного сажевого фильтра и катализируемого дизельного сажевого фильтра, помещенный в канале выхлопа и приспособленный для контакта с потоком выхлопных газов,a diesel particulate filter selected from the group consisting of a diesel particulate filter of a continuously regenerated technology, a diesel particulate filter and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter placed in an exhaust channel and adapted to come into contact with an exhaust gas stream, где топливо имеет введенный в него пакет добавок, причем пакет добавок включает оксид церия и/или марганец, моющую присадку, алкилнитратную присадку, улучшающую воспламенение, и необязательно деэмульгатор, в результате чего улучшается работа сажевого фильтра.where the fuel has an additive package introduced therein, the additive package comprising cerium oxide and / or manganese, a detergent additive, an alkyl nitrate additive that improves ignition, and optionally a demulsifier, thereby improving the performance of the particulate filter. 34. Способ улучшения системы понижения токсичности выхлопа для окончательной обработки потока выхлопных газов процесса сгорания дизельного топлива, включающей:34. A method of improving an exhaust toxicity reduction system for a final treatment of an exhaust gas stream of a diesel fuel combustion process, including: канал выхлопных газов для прохождения потока выхлопных газов, содержащего побочные продукты выхлопа от сгорания дизельного топлива,an exhaust gas channel for passing an exhaust gas stream containing exhaust by-products from the combustion of diesel fuel, сажевой фильтр, выбранный из группы, состоящей из дизельного сажевого фильтра непрерывно регенерируемой технологии, дизельного сажевого фильтра и катализируемого дизельного сажевого фильтра, помещенный в канале выхлопа и приспособленный для контакта с потоком выхлопных газов,a diesel particulate filter selected from the group consisting of a diesel particulate filter of a continuously regenerated technology, a diesel particulate filter and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter placed in an exhaust channel and adapted to come into contact with an exhaust gas stream, где топливо имеет введенный в него пакет добавок, причем пакет добавок включает оксид церия и/или марганец, моющую присадку, алкилнитратную присадку, улучшающую воспламенение, и необязательно деэмульгатор, в результате чего улучшается работа сажевого фильтра.where the fuel has an additive package introduced therein, the additive package comprising cerium oxide and / or manganese, a detergent additive, an alkyl nitrate additive that improves ignition, and optionally a demulsifier, thereby improving the performance of the particulate filter. 35. Применение пакета добавок к дизельному топливу, включающего оксид церия, моющую присадку/диспергатор и деэмульгатор, содержащий менее 24 мг/кг фосфора в дизельном двигателе, имеющем нецилиндрические отверстия форсунки инжектора.35. The use of a package of additives for diesel fuel, including cerium oxide, a washing additive / dispersant and a demulsifier containing less than 24 mg / kg of phosphorus in a diesel engine having non-cylindrical injector nozzle openings.
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