RU2000107260A - SCREW SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Claims (14)

1. A screw separator, designed to facilitate the separation of the gas / liquid mixture into two separate mainly single-phase flows, located mainly vertically and including an expansion chamber (I), and a secondary separator (III) formed by at least one screw guide apparatus with a constant pitch (14a), which has openings (17) close to its lower surface that allow gas to pass into the pipe (5) exiting the separator, characterized in that it contains an intermediate region (II) formed by less least one helical guide vanes of variable pitch (14a) disposed between the expansion chamber (I) and the secondary separator (III), said variable pitch decreases in the direction of flow of gas / liquid.  2. The screw separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw with a constant pitch (14a) of the secondary separator is a continuation of the screw with a variable pitch (14a) of the intermediate region (II).  3. The screw separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate region (II) contains two or more guide vanes with variable pitch (14a, 14b), which are formed by the main screw (14a), which is a continuation of the screw with a constant pitch of the secondary separator, and at least one auxiliary screw (14b) having a gap at the end of the intermediate region; each screw being offset around the periphery of the equipment. 4. A screw separator according to claim 3, characterized in that one auxiliary screw (14b) is provided, which has a phase shift of 180 ^° relative to the main screw (14a).  5. The screw separator according to claim 2, characterized in that in the intermediate region there are several screws distributed around the periphery of the equipment, some of which go to the lower area of the equipment.  6. A screw separator according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises two longitudinal concentric central pipes (5, 11), and openings (17) are provided that allow gas to flow from the secondary separator into the annular space between two longitudinal concentric pipes ( 5, 11).  7. The screw separator according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises a tertiary separator (IV) formed by a fluid reservoir provided in the lower part of the equipment, said reservoir having a variable height in accordance with the operating conditions, with a larger longitudinal pipe diameter (5) comes into contact with the lower base of the equipment and has transverse openings (19) on its lower section for liquid to enter it, from where the liquid enters the pump (18) installed inside the specified longitudinal central pipe (11) of smaller diameter and used to set the direction of flow of the propelled liquid phase.  8. Screw separator according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that it is mounted in an elongated cylindrical container, which can be installed inside the well.  9. A screw separator according to claim 8, characterized in that the expansion chamber (1) occupies an annular region between the inner surface of the upper portion of the cylindrical container of the equipment and the outer cylindrical surface of the longitudinal pipe (5), and has an entrance located at an intermediate point of its outer periphery ( 13) through which the gas / liquid mixture enters as a tangential flow.  10. A screw separator according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises holes (15) in the longitudinal pipe (5), intended for the passage of gas separated in the expansion chamber from the expansion chamber into the annular space between two concentric longitudinal pipes (5 , eleven).  11. Screw separator according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the gas / liquid mixture contains oil, including two-phase oil / water and gas mixtures.  12. Screw separator according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the separation of liquid and gas is provided due to the combined action of centrifugal and gravitational forces.  13. Screw separator according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that it is used to separate gases from the drilling fluid, in drilling processes with reduced hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore, or with light fluids in oil wells, and means are provided for the removal of solid sediment that accumulates in the lower part of the equipment .  14. The screw separator according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the gas / liquid mixture contains oil, including two-phase oil / water and gas mixtures, while the separator is mounted in an elongated cylindrical container that can be installed inside the well.