RU209830U1 - dental probe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, namely to therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry, and can be used to determine the depth of the carious cavity of the lesion of the hard tissues of the tooth during and after its preparation. Dental probe, including a rod with a handle, passing at an obtuse angle into the working part with a graduation scale. The rod and the handle are adapted by means of a threaded connection and are located relative to each other at an obtuse angle; the working part is made pointed; on the working part, starting from its end to the bending angle, a graduation scale is made with a division step of 0.5 mm. The technical result of the utility model is to provide the possibility of accurately measuring the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth for subsequent restoration work, with a simple design and ease of use.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, namely to therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry, and can be used to determine the depth of the carious cavity of the lesion of the hard tissues of the tooth during and after its preparation.

Known periodontal probes, which are conventional or manual probes, consisting of stainless steel or plastic. The working end of such probes can be round, conical, flat or rectangular with smooth rounded ends. On the working part, markings can be applied, the calibration of which in millimeters is carried out at different intervals. The working end of the probe can be curved to facilitate probing in the area of bifurcation [http://parodont.pro/parodontalnye-zondy.html]. However, such probes have the following disadvantages: the presence of a metal ball at the end of the working part, which does not allow the measuring part of the probe to be completely immersed in the tooth cavity; insufficiency of the measuring range (mm), the inability to replace the broken part of the probe, if they break.

Known device "Dental probe for measuring the depth of the periodontal pocket" (RU 43760), containing a rod connected at one end with a handle, and at the other end with a functional tip, a distinctive feature is that the rod is made straight, or part of it is made in the form sickle, or bent at an angle, and the free end of the functional tip is made in the form of a two-pronged fork, the teeth are located at an acute angle to each other, the distance between the teeth at a distance from the free end, equal to the maximum depth of the periodontal pocket, is chosen not less than the thickness of the gingival wall of the periodontal pocket and, at least on one of the teeth, a graduation scale is made to determine the numerical value of the depth of the periodontal pocket. The functional tip and/or handle can be made integral with the rod or connected to the rod detachably, for example, using a collet or threaded mechanism. This graduation scale, along with risks, can contain numerical depth values, for example, in millimeters, and can be made with sections different colors, which will also determine the numerical depth values, since each color will correspond to a certain value in millimeters. However, using this device, it is impossible to measure the exact depth of cavities of various localization, determined, for example, in accordance with the Black classification (https://studfile.net/preview/6159873/page:7/), since the working part of the device is represented by a two-pronged fork and the angle between the teeth is sharp, which does not allow you to freely manipulate the working part of the device in a limited space.

Known "Dental angle probe" (RU 71232), which is a medical instrument, the length of which L is 171 mm with a total length of the development tool equal to 175 mm. The inventive probe has a handle 1 in the form of a thin steel rod and a pointed working part 2, which is attached to the handle 1, is part of it and is bent with respect to the handle 1 at an angle α=110±2°, while distal (the most distant from the center of the device ) the pointed section D of the working part 2, which is one third of its length R, equal to 12±1 mm, is bent with respect to the working part 2 at an angle β=90±2°. However, this device has a significant drawback: the working part of the probe is U-shaped and does not have a graduation scale, which does not allow using this type of probe to determine the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth during and after its preparation.

Known "Device for measuring the carious cavity" (RU 75934), which contains a beam, at the end of which there is a through longitudinal groove, in which a movable bracket with a graduated rod having a head is installed. The other end of the beam is placed in a longitudinal through groove made on a graduated stop.

However, this device has a number of significant drawbacks: the lack of a handle does not allow convenient manipulation of the device and its correct positioning in the patient's oral cavity, as well as bringing its working part into a hard-to-reach carious cavity; the bulkiness of the design can also cause inconvenience for performing manipulations in the limited space of the oral cavity; insufficiency of the measuring range in millimeters, which does not allow to accurately determine the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth.

Closest to the proposed device is one of the periodontal probes device (US 5423677, US 5587284) with graduation and a rounded end. However, such a graduation does not allow to accurately determine the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth, and the rounded end does not provide support to the bottom of the carious cavity and allows the device to move during the measurement, which makes it impossible to accurately determine the depth of the carious cavity. Also, the design of the device with one bend does not allow convenient manipulation of the device and its correct positioning in the patient's oral cavity, as well as bringing its working part into a hard-to-reach carious cavity. Also, this device can only be used in tandem with a tool that has a reciprocal connection, which increases the cost of its production.

The utility model is based on the task of creating a device for determining the depth of the carious cavity and, accordingly, the damage to the hard tissues of the tooth, devoid of the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the utility model is to provide the possibility of accurately measuring the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth for subsequent restoration work, with a simple design and ease of use.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device includes a rod with a handle passing at an obtuse angle into the working part with a graduation scale, according to the utility model, the rod and the handle are adapted by means of a threaded connection and are located relative to each other at an obtuse angle; the working part is made pointed; on the working part, starting from its end to the bending angle, a graduation scale is made with a division step of 0.5 mm.

1. A graduation scale with a notch pitch of half a millimeter makes it possible to more accurately determine the depth of damage to the hard tissues of the tooth, since the average thickness of the tooth tissues is: enamel 1.5 mm, dentin 3 mm, and the preparation of tooth tissues occurs in the range from 0.5 mm up to 4.5 mm, respectively, this allows you to more accurately determine the amount of material for filling the cavity and restoring the tooth.

2. The presence of two bends at an obtuse angle in the same plane makes it possible to conveniently manipulate the device and correctly position it in a limited space of the oral cavity, as well as bring it into a hard-to-reach carious cavity, for example, according to the Black I-V classification.

3. The thread made at the other end of the working part allows us to easily fix this measuring device in a locking handle, for example, a dental mirror or any other similar instrument, which, in turn, makes it easy to replace the proposed device with a new one, if the previous one is out of order.

4. The pointed end of the working part, resting against the bottom of the carious cavity, does not allow the device to move during the measurement.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. a general view of the proposed device is given.

The device contains a rod 1 with a handle 2 at one end and a pointed working part 3 with a graduation scale 4 at the other end. The rod 1 is adapted to the handle 2 by means of a threaded connection 5 and is made with respect to it 2 at an obtuse angle. The rod 1 passes into the working part 3 at an obtuse angle. On the working part 3 from its pointed end 3 to the inner bending angle between it 3 and the rod 1, a graduation scale 4 is made with a division step of half a millimeter.

The claimed device works as follows.

The doctor takes the device by the handle 2, leads the working part 3 with the rod 1 into the oral cavity and sets the working part 3 with a pointed end to the bottom of the previously prepared carious cavity with dense dentin so that the end of the working part 3 without pressure comes into contact with the bottom of the carious cavity and the working part 3 was installed perpendicular to the bottom. Then the doctor visualizes the level of the remaining tooth wall on the extreme division on the graduation scale 4, which is located at the entrance to the tooth cavity, accurately assessing the depth of the cavity, up to 0.5 millimeters. Departing from the previously determined level deep into the cavity to the border of the transition of enamel into dentin, the doctor visualizes the level of transition of enamel into dentin and determines the difference between the obtained levels with an accuracy of 0.5 mm. Due to this, the doctor evaluates the depth of the formed cavity, determines the depth of the transparent part of the tooth (enamel) and the depth of the colored part of the tooth, respectively, gets the opportunity to more accurately select the amount of the necessary colored material and transparent material for the restoration of the tooth cavity.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by examples.

Example 1

Patient A, 25 years old, average dental caries, Black I tooth cavity. After mechanical treatment of the carious cavity from altered tooth tissues, the depth of dentin and tooth enamel was measured with a probe. The depth of dentin was 1.5 mm, and that of enamel was 0.5 mm. In accordance with the data obtained, we took 1.5 mm of dentin filling material and 0.5 mm of enamel filling material to restore the affected tooth tissues. As a result, the tooth tissues were completely restored.

Example 2

Patient B, 37 years old, deep dental caries, Black III tooth cavity. After mechanical treatment of the carious cavity from the altered tissues of the tooth, the depth of the dentin and tooth enamel was measured with a probe. The depth of dentin was 2 mm, and that of enamel was 1 mm. In accordance with the data obtained, we took 2 mm of dentin filling material and 1 mm of enamel filling material to restore the affected tooth tissues. As a result, the tooth tissues were completely restored.

Claims (1)

Dental probe for determining the depth of the carious cavity of the lesion of hard tissues of the tooth, including a rod with a handle passing at an obtuse angle into the working part with a graduation scale, characterized in that the rod and the handle are connected by means of a threaded connection and are located relative to each other at an obtuse angle; the working part is made pointed; on the working part, starting from its end to the bending angle, a graduation scale is made with a division step of 0.5 mm.

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