RU206348U1 - MEDICAL DRAINAGE TUBE - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model relates to medicine and is intended for draining cavity wounds and soft tissue wounds of various etiologies at certain stages of the wound process. It can be used both in planned surgery and in emergency surgery, in military field surgery, in case of concomitant trauma, in intensive care units, etc. The technical result of the useful model is to expand the arsenal of technical means for draining purulent wounds and body cavities ... Improving the efficiency of wound drainage when using the proposed medical tube is achieved by centering the secretions that entered the cavity of the drainage tube from the wound, directing flows along the inner walls of the tube, bypassing the entry into the underlying holes, which reduces the flow of purulent contents back into the wound cavity and promotes rapid healing.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine and is intended for draining cavity wounds and soft tissue wounds of various etiologies at certain stages of the wound process. It can be used both in elective surgery and in emergency surgery, in military field surgery, with concomitant trauma, in intensive care units, etc.

In surgical practice, in the complex treatment of wounds, the drainage method is widely used. There are a huge number of drainages for wounds, which differ both in their design and method of introduction into the wound, and in the material from which the drainage is made. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, and, depending on the situation, can be successfully used for a particular pathology, depending on the type of wound process, the patient's condition, the characteristics of the surgical technique and the capabilities of the operating team.

Currently, drainages in the form of polymer tubes are widely used, which are made of various polymer materials (rubber, polyurethane, silicone, etc.), of different lengths, with different wall thicknesses and different diameters, open on both sides or closed on one side. At the same time, on its working part, which is in the patient's body, the drainage tube can have special side holes. The essence of the method with the use of tubular drains is that the secreted contents of the body tissues fall into the holes of the perforated tube and flow down (by gravity or using special aspirators), as a result of which, the outflows are removed from the internal environment of the body to the outside (into closed or open collection systems detachable).

When using tubular drains, it is not uncommon for outflows to flow back into the body cavity from the underlying holes, since it is difficult to assume the movement of fluids of different viscosities in the tube and to provide the tube with a strictly immobile state in the patient's body, which may be due to both active human motor reflexes and spontaneous movement resulting from respiratory movements, bowel movements, muscle contraction. This leads to the appearance of new purulent foci, an increase in the length of stay of the patient in the hospital, to more traumatic, repeated volumetric surgical procedures.

A well-known single-channel silicone drainage tube manufactured by CJSC NPP "MedInzh" [http://medeng.ru/drainage-tubes]. The tube is available with perforations, round or oval, and without perforations. With an oval perforation, the width of the hole is from 3 to 7 mm, the length is from 8 to 25 mm, the number of holes is from 1 to 6. The disadvantage of this drainage tube is the possibility of exudate, effusion or purulent contents entering the underlying holes and exit from the tube cavity back into the body cavity, which is fraught with the formation of new foci of inflammation, an increase in the duration of treatment, complications, addiction of pathogenic microflora to antibiotics and repeated surgical interventions.

Known surgical drainage for utility model patent RU No. 123670 publication date 01/10/2013 Bull. No. 1, which is taken as a prototype. The surgical drain contains a flexible longitudinal body connected to a negative pressure device. The working part of the flexible body has drain holes with built-in valves that react to a given negative pressure.

This surgical drain has a number of design features that reduce the drainage efficiency:

1. The prototype is designed for active drainage and is used only when creating negative pressure, so that the movable closing openings of the valve parts directed against the movement of the liquid drain [Fig. 3, RU # 123670] do not impede the flow of outflows. Without creating negative pressure, the movable closing holes of the valves directed against the movement of the drain are an obstacle to the liquid moving through the tube and act like a funnel, directing the liquid that has already entered the cavity of the tube into the underlying holes.

2. If the tube is located in the wound in a horizontal position, then the holes directed downward are practically inoperative, especially when insufficient negative pressure is applied (movable closing holes of the valve parts create an obstacle to the movement of fluid into the tube cavity). In this case, fluid flowing into the upward holes inevitably enters the downward holes and flows back into the wound.

3. Since the valves on the tube of the prototype open from the side opposite to the movement of the liquid drain [Fig. 3, RU # 123670], the tube openings have a high chance of being clogged with viscous contents, which requires the creation of a higher negative pressure for the passage of an obstacle in the form of a valve. At the same time, high negative pressure can negatively affect the operation of the system, the effect of suction of the tube to the tissues is possible.

4. There is no clear mechanism for controlling the sufficiency of negative pressure to open all valves on the working part of the tube and overcome the viscous contents of the valves, movable closing holes, parts of which open inside the tube in the direction opposite to the movement of the liquid drain [Fig. 3, RU # 123670].

5. The movable closing holes of the part of the valves, when creating a high negative pressure, can block the inside of the drain tube, preventing the movement of the liquid flow.

The technical result, the solution of which is directed by the claimed utility model, is to expand the arsenal of means for draining purulent wounds and body cavities. Improving the efficiency of drainage of wounds, when using the proposed medical tube, is achieved by centering the secretions that entered the cavity of the drainage tube from the wound using guide protrusions, which reduces the flow of purulent contents back into the wound cavity and promotes rapid healing.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a medical drainage tube containing a body and holes for drainage, inside the body, above each hole on the side opposite to the direction of movement of the liquid drain, a protrusion is located, which is directed to the central axis of the tube at an angle of no more than 45 ° to the hole over which it is located, while the length of the guide protrusion does not exceed the diameter of the drainage hole.

The utility model is illustrated by figures, where it is indicated:

1 - medical drainage tube body;

2 - hole for drainage of exudate;

3 - a guide.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the drainage part of the proposed drainage medical tube, where the dotted line indicates the guide protrusions 3 located inside the tube.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a section of the drainage part of the proposed medical drainage tube in section, where it is indicated: a - the diameter of the hole for drainage of exudate, b - the length of the guide protrusion 3 inside the tube, c - the angle between the hole 2 on the tube body and the guide protrusion 3, in this case, the length - b of the guide protrusion 3 inside the tube is not more than the diameter - and the holes for draining the exudate, and the angle - c between the hole 2 on the tube body and the guide protrusion 3 is not more than 45 °.

The proposed medical drainage tube contains a housing 1, holes 2 for drainage of exudate and guide protrusions 3 located inside the tube housing 1 above each hole 2 from the side opposite to the direction of movement of the fluid drain. Each protrusion 3 is directed to the central axis of the tube, at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the hole 2 above which it is located. The length b of the guide protrusion 3 inside the tube is less than or equal to the diameter of the hole for drainage of exudate 2.

The guiding protrusions 3 are made in the form of inclined "peaks" over the holes 2 and direct the drained exudate down to the central axis of the tube, preventing it from flowing out of the underlying hole.

The guide projections 3 can be made of the same material as the tube itself, or other inert materials. It is possible to create guide protrusions 3 by incomplete punching holes 2 and pressing inside the cut part of the tube so that the material at the indentation boundary loses its “memory” properties, does not return to the opposite position and does not cover the hole.

The method of use (insertion and removal) of the proposed medical drainage tube does not differ from the use of standard drainage tubes used in surgery.

The medical drainage tube is installed in the operating wound so that its working part with holes 2 is in the drainage zone. The outflows entering the holes 2 pass down the tube and fall on the guide protrusion 3, and not into the underlying opening, which prevents the outflows from falling back into the wound. When the outflow stops, the tube is removed to perform the necessary actions.

The proposed medical drainage tube can be used both in passive drainage systems and in systems for active drainage of wounds. When used in systems without active draining, the location of the tube must be such that the working part of the perforated tube is always higher than the part that protrudes outward. When using the proposed product with active drainage systems, the tube can be located in a horizontal position.

The main advantage of the proposed medical drainage tube is that the liquid, flowing down the walls of the tube, due to the protrusion inside the tube, flows down centrally and does not fall into the underlying opening, does not flow into the body cavity. Considering that there is a guide protrusion above each hole in the tube to prevent leakage from the tube back into the body cavity, the risk of re-infection is reduced.

Thus, the proposed modification of the inner part of the medical drainage tube (without changing the general design of existing options presented on the world stage) will reduce the outflow of wound contents from the cavity of the drainage tube back into the wound, which in complex therapy will give more controlled and predictable treatment results.

The proposed utility model can be used in all tubular drainage systems that are currently accepted in surgical practice.

The proposed useful model can significantly improve the quality of medical benefits in modern surgical practice. A medical drainage tube with guiding protrusions can be used both for the purpose of treatment and for the prevention of complications, when the formation of exudate (purulent or sterile) is expected after surgery. General indications for the use of the tube coincide with those indicated in the surgery of wounds of various origins for drainage tubes and are determined according to the technique of the surgical procedure and the prevention of postoperative complications.

The use of a medical drainage tube of the proposed design in complex therapy will become the subject of choice in the treatment of patients with the course of the wound process by exudative type of inflammation, when the drainage method is an integral part of the treatment process.

The proposed utility model implies changing only the inner surface of the existing drainage tubes, without affecting the technological solutions of existing systems for drainage of wounds, which makes it possible to use it in already existing products and improve the efficiency of their work.

Claims (1)

A medical drainage tube containing a body and holes for drainage on the working part of the body, characterized in that inside the tube body, above each hole, on the side opposite to the direction of movement of the liquid drain, there is a protrusion that is directed to the central axis of the tube at an angle of not more than 45 ° to the hole above which it is located, while the length of the guide protrusion does not exceed the diameter of the drain hole.

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