RU206109U1 - Die for forming a building panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used to form the front part of the panel. The technical result of the utility model is to improve the quality of the finished tile by improving the formation of the inter-tile seam and eliminating adhesion to the outer side of the panel and to the seams of a part of the matrix material and the material from which the rest of the building panel is formed. At the same time, by reducing the deformation of the matrix, it serves several times longer than matrices made of polyurethane, and provides the possibility of its repeated use. A matrix for forming a building panel, including a structural plastic base containing a longitudinal groove, an elastomer shaped insert-insert with the shape and size of the inner part corresponding to the shape of the groove profile and with an expanded outer end is inserted into the said groove.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used to form the front part of the panel.

Currently, facing panels used in the construction of residential buildings, office buildings and structures are manufactured at house-building factories (DSK), in factory production conditions and ready-made parts of the house are supplied to the construction site. The standard technology for forming a panel includes pouring material into metal pallets, in which all panel elements are formed: reinforcement, heaters, openings are laid, the mold is poured with concrete and dried. The front part of the panel is also formed during the production of the panel.

The following technical solutions are known from the prior art.

From the Chinese patent No. 210508175, published on 05/12/2020, a matrix for assembling a wall panel is known, containing a plurality of vertical planks, a plurality of transverse planks. The transverse strips are fixed horizontally on the load-bearing wall body at intervals using fasteners, the wall panels are placed on the transverse strips in a matrix arrangement to form the wall surface, the inner side of each wall plate is connected to the corresponding connecting piece through the locking element, protruding elements are located between the panels, forming tile seams.

Also known is a matrix from the German patent No. 19642516, published on 04.16.1998, which is a mat with walls formed in one piece with it, forming a border between the matrix elements of the tile with the formation of a single tile with a mosaic configuration, while the walls of the matrix are provided with slots for pulling reinforcing elements that, after pouring the forming matrix, are inside the tile material.

The closest analogue of the patented solution is a matrix known from RF patent 2639228, published on December 20, 2017, which includes a mat with groove-ridge recesses on both sides of the solid workpiece material, bushings screwed into the solid workpiece material without preliminary preparation of holes and sockets for installing bushings into solid material of the workpiece, forming the tile seams on the finished product, for the production of which this matrix is intended.

The disadvantages of the known solutions lie in the fragility of the matrix material; during the formation of a mosaic configuration or imitation of embossed masonry, concrete milk may flow into the tile joints. In the manufacture of polyurethane matrices, they face the problem of loss of shape when heated, as well as difficult removal from the finished product.

The technical problem solved by the proposed utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and create a structure that allows you to form the outer side of the building panel with easy separation of the form from the finished tile and the formation of an even tile seam.

The technical result of the utility model is to improve the quality of the finished tile by improving the formation of the inter-tile seam and eliminating adhesion to the outer side of the panel and to the seams of a part of the matrix material and the material from which the rest of the building panel is formed. At the same time, by reducing the deformation of the matrix, it serves several times longer than matrices made of polyurethane, and provides the possibility of its repeated use.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the design of the matrix for forming a building panel, including a base made of structural plastic containing a longitudinal groove, a profile element-insert made of elastomer with the shape and size of the inner part corresponding to the shape of the groove profile and with an expanded outer end is inserted into the said groove.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the base of the matrix is made of rectangular segments.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the base of the matrix or its segments are made of thermoplastic plastic or thermosetting plastic or a material with a base of synthetic polymer or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or high molecular weight polyethylene polyethylene or polypropylene or polyocetal or polyvinylchloride or polystyrene or polycarbonate or polyamide or polyester or polyethylene sulphonate or teflon or carbon or styrene or vinyl or nylon or cellulose or polyvinylidene fluoride or fiberglass or vinyl plastic or a material based on polyetheretherketone or polymethyl methacrylate or celluloid or epoxy resin or plywood or MDF or particle board or laminate or ABS plastic.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the profile insert is made of all types of thermoplastic elastomer or thermo-plastic elastomer or material with a base in the form of a synthetic polymer or polyurethane or rubber or rubber or polyisoprene or thermoplastic elastomer or resilin or elastin or cork.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the shape of the groove includes an open rectangular section communicating with the inner section, while the upper part of the inner section is made wider than the open section.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the connection of the matrix base and the shaped insert-element is made in the form of a dovetail connection or a reverse cone connection or a T-shaped connection.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the matrix base and the profile insert-element are connected by pins or threaded connection with bolts or screws or self-tapping screws or by gluing or cutting or cutting or a tongue-groove connection or by joining.

The material for the production of the matrix base ensures the elimination of its adhesion during the formation of the panel on its front part, and the shape of the profile element of the insert, in particular the widened outer end, allows it to be installed between the facade tiles in the spacer and prevents the penetration of concrete milk (or other material from which the panel is formed) in the tile seams. Thus, after the formation of the tile, the matrix is easily removed from it, while the panel itself on the outside does not contain traces of the material of both the matrix itself and the material from which the panel itself is cast.

Further, the solution is explained with reference to the drawings, which show the following.

FIG. 1 - segment of the base of the matrix.

FIG. 2 - profile insert-element.

FIG. 3 is an example of an embodiment of a utility model with a swallow's nest connection.

FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of a utility model with a T-shaped connection of a base and an insert element.

FIG. 5 shows an example of an embodiment of the invention with a lateral groove on a segment.

FIG. 6 shows an example of an embodiment of a utility model with fastening an insert element with a base by means of a self-tapping screw.

FIG. 7 shows an example of an embodiment of a utility model with fastening an insert element to a base by means of gluing.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which shows a segment of the base 1 of the matrix and a groove 2 with the shape of an inner section, including an open rectangular section communicating with an inner section tapering towards the bottom, while the upper part of the inner section is made wider than the open section. May be

FIG. 2 shows an example of execution and a profile insert-element. The section 5, inserted into the groove 2, repeats the shape of the inner section of the groove 2, the leg 3 has a width sufficient to fit the insert element into the groove, and the outer end 4 is made wider in comparison with the width of the leg 3.

An example of the implementation of the utility model.

For the manufacture of the matrix, a sheet of structural plastic with a thickness of 15 mm was used. This thickness is sufficient for the manufacture of a matrix, an increase in thickness will lead to an increase in the cost of the matrix (overpayment for plastic). In addition, the old polyurethane matrices used now have a base size of 15 mm, therefore, a possible change in the height of the shape of the metal pallets for pouring panels, which are now designed for these heights, is excluded.

As the material itself (structural plastic), we used ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (Designations - PE 1000, PE 9000, UHMWPE) and high molecular weight polyethylene (PE 500).

From the initial data taken from the construction drawings of the customer - the developer for the layout of the tiles on the facade, we took data on the location of the tiles on the facade and the width of the tile joints. Drew up a design drawing for the matrix (it is "mirrored" for the facade). On its basis, a program for CNC machines is compiled.

Sheets of plastic, on a format-cutting machine (CNC), were cut into base segments 1, which will form a matrix and will be stacked in a pallet joint to joint, according to the design drawing.

On the segments of the base 1, using a CNC milling machine, seams (grooves 2) were cut with a width equal to the tile spacing on the facade. The seams were first made with a straight cutter. Then a groove was cut in the resulting groove for the dovetail connection with a milling cutter with a reverse taper. A ready-made groove was obtained for attaching the profile insert shown in FIG. 2.

The specified profile element, the insert, which forms the tile joint and holds the tile when pouring concrete, was made of two-component polyurethane. The material was selected on the basis that on the one hand it does not come into direct contact with the metal pallet, therefore, it is not subject to destructive direct thermal effects, on the other hand, its upper part is in contact with concrete and it should not allow absorption and leakage. The hardness of polyurethane is selected for specific requirements, on average 40-60 Shore is taken.

Based on the width of the facade tile 6, the insert element was made in such a way that the upper outer end 4 protruding from the base 1 does not reach the upper edge of the decorative facade tile 6 to be installed by at least 5 mm. At this distance, the tiles will be embedded in the concrete. The dimensions of the decorative facade tiles are determined by the model of the building panel produced by the customer.

The shape of the profile insert element has in the lower part 5 it forms a dovetail joint for fastening with the base 1 of the matrix made of a sheet of structural plastic, and in the upper part it is double-sided - the protrusion of the outer end 4 (seal), 2 mm wider (1 mm each) in each direction) than the width of the tile joint, in order to clamp and fix the decorative facade tiles and (when pouring concrete) to prevent leaks of concrete milk on the side surfaces of the tiles and on the segments themselves. We made an accurate mold for pouring on a CNC milling machine. The polyurethane components were mixed and poured into a mold. After hardening, the finished profile insert was removed from the mold.

Next, the matrix was assembled (Fig. 3)

The die segments were installed in a metal panel tray. In the vertical and horizontal grooves 2 installed profile elements-inserts with a dovetail connection. Decorative facade tiles 6 were installed between the insert elements, face down. Outer end seals 4 ensure tile fixation.

The elastic properties of the profile element-insert made of polyurethane allow it to be inserted into the groove 2 of the segment of the base 1 of the matrix, making a dovetail connection inside the segment and fixing the tile with a sealant.

The finished matrix with the installed tiles was poured with concrete 7. The concrete solution penetrates into the free distance between the tiles, embedding the tiles and forming inter-tile joints. After manufacturing the finished building panel, the matrix is easily detached from it (segment by segment). Thanks to the dovetail connection, the rustic stones remain in the matrix and do not get stuck between the panel tiles. The structural properties of the plastic, withstanding loads and heat and moisture treatment, allow the matrix to be used immediately when the panel is re-cast.

The new structural plastic matrix allows to withstand 50-70 concrete slabs pouring. Matrices of the old construction made of polyurethane can withstand up to 8 fillings. With the serial production of new dies, the economic costs for the manufacture of a new matrix, as compared to the old one, are less.

Taking into account the increase in labor productivity (instead of 8-10 old matrices, you need to make one), the economic effect achieved by using the new matrix in the serial production of building panels is extremely high.

FIG. 4-7 additionally show examples of the implementation of the utility model with the execution of a T-shaped joint (Fig. 4), the connection of the insert element with the groove at the end of the base segment (Fig. 5), the connection of the insert element with the base by means of a self-tapping screw 8 (Fig. 6 ), connecting the element-insert with the base by gluing with a layer of adhesive 9 for plastic, for example, based on epoxy resin (Fig. 7).

Claims (7)

1. A matrix for forming a building panel, including side walls and a base made of structural plastic, the base is made of segments, each of which contains a longitudinal groove, a profile element-insert made of elastomer with the shape and size of the inner part corresponding to the shape is inserted into the said groove groove profile and with an extended outer end. 2. The matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the matrix base is made of rectangular segments. 3. The matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the matrix base or its segments are made of thermoplastic plastic or thermosetting plastic, or a material with a synthetic polymer base, or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, or high molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene, or polyocetal, or polyvinylchloride, or polystyrene, or polycarbonate, or polyamide, or polyester, or polyethylene teraphtolate, or polysulfone, or teflon, or carbon, or polyurethane, or styrene, or vinyl, or nylon, or cellulose, or polyvinylidene fluoride, or fiberglass, or vinyl plastic, or material on based on polyetheretherketone or polymethylmethaacrylate, or celluloid, or epoxy resin, or plywood, or MDF, or chipboard, or laminate, or ABS plastic. 4. The matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaped insert-element is made of all types of thermoplastic elastomer or thermo-plastic elastomer, or material with a base in the form of a synthetic polymer, or polyurethane, or rubber, or rubber, or polyisoprene, or thermoplastic elastomer, or resilin, or elastin, or cork. 5. The die according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the groove includes an open rectangular section communicating with the inner section tapering towards the bottom, while the upper part of the inner section is made wider than the open section. 6. The matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the matrix base and the profile element-insert is made in the form of a dovetail connection or a reverse cone connection or a T-shaped connection. 7. The matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the matrix and the shaped element-insert are connected by pins or a threaded connection by bolts, or screws, or self-tapping screws, or by gluing, or a cut, or a cut-in, or a tongue-and-groove connection, or rallying.

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