RU196366U1 - Square trainer with rows of linear recesses for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A square simulator with rows of linear recesses for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in restoration and preventive the training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions is different etiology.The useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) of square shape, in the center of one of the end sides of which a handle (2) is made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) there are rows of horizontal and vertical linear recesses (3) of the same width and depths forming equal-sized square areas (4), which are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of square areas (4) in each row, while square areas (4) formed by horizontal and vertical rows of linear recesses (3), are located on both surfaces of the base (1) equally in a checkerboard pattern, and the mark (5) is applied to the front surface of the base (1). Thus, the “Square Trainer” due to its design features provides the ability conducting long-term courses of group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. ayavlenny "Simulator-square" contributes to the process of rehabilitation sessions with patients with an element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive for patients with neuropsychological trening.Blagodarya simplicity of design and ease of use "simulator-square" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organizing rehabilitation education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M .; Moscow -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various types of memory in patients with a neurological clinic, including visuospatial memory.

Like other types of human memory, visual-spatial memory is impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases.

Currently, various devices and simulators are used for classes to restore impaired visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Trainer for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 186679 U1 of January 29, 2019).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic plate-shaped body, on the bottom of which are located square cells-recesses, designed to fit various images into them.

 During classes with this device, work cards with the same square cells containing various images (symbols, geometric shapes, multidirectional arrows) are used, which the patient must remember and reproduce from memory with a water marker in square cells-recesses.

 The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory are:

a) this device is not intended for use during group classes;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards containing tasks for memorization.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “A simulator-square for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in square cells” is known (Patent RU 192207 U1 of 09/06/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of a square shape, on one of the sides of which there is a handle, and on the front and back surfaces of the base there are square-shaped recess cells into which one of the patients enters various images (symbols, geometric shapes, etc.), after which another patient remembers the location of the image data and reproduces them from memory in recess cells on another surface of the base.

Also, the device "Hexagon simulator with linear and hexagonal recesses for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is known from the existing level of technology (Patent RU 192638 U1 from 09.24.2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of a hexagonal shape, in one of the corners of which there is a handle, and on the front and back surfaces of the base there are linear and hexagonal recesses into which one of the patients enters lines and icons (check marks, dots, etc.), after why the other patient remembers the location of the inscribed lines and icons and reproduces them from memory in linear and hexagonal depressions on another surface of the base.

However, prolonged work with each of these devices leads to addiction in patients and a decrease in interest in classes, which helps to reduce the effectiveness of recovery and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks and increase the variety of devices for group exercises in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which maintains the interest of patients in the process of training, a "Square simulator with rows of linear recesses for group exercises in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory ”(hereinafter referred to as the“ simulator-square ”).

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises to restore visual-spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory with patients whose memory impairment is manifested to a small extent at a given time;

c) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

d) the absence of the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards due to the fact that the formation of tasks is carried out directly by the patients themselves;

e) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the presence of linear recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

e) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-square", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the classroom process and is provided by the structural elements of the claimed “Square Trainer”, which allow for long-term group training courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients x neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the availability of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the “Trainer-square” contains a flat plastic base of square shape, in the center of one of the end sides of which a handle is made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base there are rows of horizontal and vertical linear recesses of the same width and depth, forming equal-sized square areas that are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of square areas in each row, while square blasts formed by horizontal and vertical rows of linear grooves are arranged on both surfaces of the base equally staggered, and the front surface of the base is marked.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Square Trainer” the number of linear recesses in each row forming a square region is 3-6 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Square Trainer”, the number of square areas on each of the surfaces of the base may be: four, nine, sixteen or twenty-five pieces.

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-square" the mark is made in the form of a line.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Simulator-Square” linear recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "The simulator-square with rows of linear recesses for group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - a general view of the "simulator-square";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-square" from the side of the handle.

The claimed “Square Trainer” is (see Fig. 1, 2) a flat plastic base (1) of a square shape, in the center of one of the end sides of which a hollow handle (2) is made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) made rows of horizontal and vertical linear recesses (3), forming the same size square area (4).

 Linear recesses (3) serve as guides for the writing element of the water marker when inscribing lines in them during the classes.

The following dimensions of this particular “Square Trainer” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The size of the side of the base (1) of the “Square Trainer” is 100-150 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The handle (2) has a conical shape 80-100 mm long, with a diameter at the end of 20-25 mm and a wall thickness of 2-3 mm.

The number of linear recesses (3) in each row, forming a square region (4) is the same and is 3-6 pcs.

Linear recesses (3) are separated from each other by jumpers of the same width of 2-6 mm, and the width of the jumper between the edge of the base (1) and the nearest linear recesses (3) is 4-8 mm.

Square areas (4) formed by linear recesses (3) are located on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) in the form of horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of square areas (4) in each row.

The location and number of square areas (4) on each of the surfaces of the base (1) is the same and can be: 4 (four) pieces (2 rows of 2 square areas (4) in a row), 9 (nine) pieces (3 rows of 3 square areas (4) in a row), 16 (sixteen) pieces (4 rows of 4 square areas (4) in a row) or 25 (twenty five) pieces (5 rows of 5 square areas (4) in a row).

The square areas (4) formed by horizontal and vertical rows of linear recesses (3) are staggered.

The width of the linear recesses (3) is the same and is 3-8 mm, and their depth is the same and equal to 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the linear recesses (3) which are made below the front and back surfaces of the base (1) facilitate the process of inscribing lines in them for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. Moreover, the small depth of the linear recesses (3) does not prevent the removal of the lines inscribed in them by the water marker by means of a sponge designed to erase the water markers.

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Square Trainer”, a mark (5) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front surface of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a line.

For better perception by patients of linear recesses (3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1) of the “Square Trainer”.

The “Square simulator with rows of linear recesses for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” works as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Next, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Trainer-square” by the handle (2), selects part of the linear recesses (3) on the front surface of the base (1) by inscribing straight lines into them with a water marker, the number of which is set by a specialist.

At the initial stage of training, patients distinguish one linear recess (3) in two to three square areas (4).

After that, the “Simulator-square” is transmitted to the patient performing the task, who, within a specified time interval (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the location of the selected linear recesses (3).

Then, the patient performing the task turns the “Simulator-square” face down (1) down, then tries to reproduce from memory the location of the selected linear recesses (3) by inscribing the lines into the corresponding linear recesses (3) on the back of the base (1) .

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task can briefly turn the Simulator-square, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the selected linear recesses (3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) due to one or more turns of the “Simulator-square” held by the handle (2).

Further, all lines inscribed in the linear recesses (3) are removed with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions described above is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises with the “Square Trainer” can be carried out by a method based on the simultaneous use of two “Square Trainers”.

In this case, patients distinguish linear recesses (3) of the front surface of the base (1) of the used “simulators-squares” and show them to each other, after which, within a specified time (from 20 seconds or more), the location of the selected linear recesses is remembered (3 )

Further, each of the patients tries to reproduce from memory the location of the selected linear recesses (3) by inserting lines in the corresponding linear recesses (3) on the back surface of the base (1) of the used “Square Trainer”.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by alternately comparing the location of the selected linear recesses (3) on the front surface of the base (1) of the “Trainer-square” of one patient and the reverse surface of the base (1) of the “Trainer-square” of another patient.

After mastering the work with the “Square Trainer” under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with him.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of visual and spatial memory, the task is complicated by:

a) increasing the number of linear recesses secreted by patients (3) on the front surface of the base (1);

b) reducing the time during which the selected linear recesses are stored (3).

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “Simulator-square” is intended for use during the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is an increase in the number of linear recesses allocated for storing (3), as well as a reduction in the time interval for storing them location.

In addition, the "Square Trainer" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

 b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve visual-spatial memory.

Thus, the “Square simulator with rows of linear recesses for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory”, due to its design features, provides the possibility of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The claimed “Square Trainer” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "simulator-square" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A square simulator with rows of linear recesses for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base of square shape, in the center of one of the end sides of which a handle is made, and on the front and back surfaces of the base made rows of horizontal and vertical linear recesses of the same width and depth, forming the same size square areas, which are located in the form of horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of square areas in each row, while square areas formed by horizontal and vertical rows of linear recesses are equally staggered on both surfaces of the base, and a mark is applied to the front surface of the base. 2. The square simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of square areas on each of the surfaces of the base can be: four, nine, sixteen or twenty-five pieces. 3. The square simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mark is made in the form of a line. 4. The square simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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