RU195837U1 - UNIVERSAL FIRE FIGHTING INSTALLATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to fire extinguishing installations designed to extinguish fires at facilities of chemical, oil refining, oil and gas industry, nuclear power plants, electrical substations, at airports and other fire hazardous facilities. The proposed design of a universal fire extinguishing installation is enclosed in a universal transport shell designed for transportation by land, rail, sea and air, and has a full It has interchangeable vessels, structurally integrated into the unit and technologically interconnected by several parallel pipelines, equipped with a gas extinguishing system designed directly to extinguish fires with extinguishing gas and moving elastic separators with the pressure of this gas, consisting of gas extinguishing modules, electric valves and a device for refueling with a fire extinguisher gas. The installation is also equipped with an internal combustion engine and a centrifugal pump. These distinctive features provide the performance of new functions during operation of the installation: extinguishing a fire with extinguishing gas; movement of elastic separators by pressure of extinguishing gas; ensuring the autonomous operation of all systems for activating the centrifugal pump available as part of the installation for taking water from a water source, supplying HFA to the fire source and refueling vessels using an internal combustion engine; the possibility of transportation by land, rail, sea and air.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular, fire extinguishing installations (UPT) designed to extinguish fires at facilities of chemical, oil refining, oil and gas industries, nuclear power plants, electrical substations, at airports and other fire hazardous facilities.

State of the art

The following objects are accepted as analogues:

1. Fire truck (AC), where the accumulation of a supply of fire extinguishing substances (OTV) is carried out in containers of a special form (respectively for water and a foaming agent) and their displacement into the fire occurs by a centrifugal pump (MD Bezborodko and others. Fire and emergency rescue equipment: textbook: at 2 o’clock - M.: Academy of State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, 2013.-353 s).

The disadvantage of ACs is that they are designed to operate only on liquid OTV, cannot work on powder fire extinguishing compositions (OPS) and on fire extinguishing gas due to the insufficient strength of tanks (designed for overpressure up to 0.07 MPa) and the structural inability of centrifugal pump for displacing aerosols and gas.

2. A fire powder extinguishing vehicle (AL) having two tanks vertically mounted along the longitudinal axis of the chassis with OTV and equipped with a vacuum unit for the mechanical loading of OTV. The design of the AP provides the ability to work on one of the types of OTV (water, powder, foaming agent solution) or their pair combination, the crowding out into the fire occurs with compressed air (patent RU No. 2158154, 2000).

The disadvantage of this analogue lies in the individuality of the shapes and sizes of vessels operating under high pressure (up to 0.5 MPa), which makes the design of the AP more expensive. For the transition from the use of one type of OTV to another, it is necessary to carry out operations to clean the vessels using manual labor inside them.

In addition, the ratio between the types of OTV used is predetermined by the existing capacity of the vessels and cannot be changed in other proportions under operating conditions, therefore, such tools cannot be quickly transferred (without referral for conversion) to the specific, changing needs of the fire department.

3. The car of combined extinguishing (ACT), which is a hybrid of AC equipment (for water and foam) and AP (for powder), has, as a rule, two or three independent (independent) systems consisting of vessels of special shapes and sizes for the contents of each type of HFA and the corresponding devices for their supply to the fire (MD Bezborodko and others. Fire and rescue equipment: textbook: at 2 o’clock - M: Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, 2013. - 353 s).

This analogue is inherent in all the disadvantages of the AC and AP, noted earlier. In addition, the ratio between the reserves of water, foaming agent and powder under operating conditions is also always unchanged (as a rule, by weight it is 5: 3: 1), therefore, such funds cannot be quickly re-arranged under operating conditions for the needs of a particular fire station.

4. Gas extinguishing vehicle (AGT), which is a gas extinguishing installation with special cylinders with fire extinguishing gas under high pressure (MD Bezborodko et al. Fire and rescue equipment: textbook: at 2 h - M .: GPS Academy of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, 2013 .-- 353 s).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the impossibility of using all types of OTV, since the gas extinguishing installation is not suitable for working with liquid and solid OTV.

5. Powder extinguishing installation (patent for utility model RU 150430 U1, 2015), in which the vessels for storage and delivery of OTV are made of standard oil and gas pipes, have elastic media separators (hereinafter separators) located inside them, pressure regulators and reverse valves in the aeration system, providing for the displacement of the extinguishing agent and its additional aeration through the use of microscopic channels formed by the roughnesses of the inner surface of the pipes and the outer surface of the separators.

This analogue has disadvantages:

technological strapping of vessels does not allow the use of powder formulations after water or a foaming agent due to the moisture remaining in the general supply line of HFA in different phase states under fire conditions, which leads to wetting and clumping of the fire alarm in pipelines and possible clogging of the dispensing devices;

jamming of the separator in the vessels is not excluded, leading to a loss in the operability of the installation;

it is necessary to clean the vessels from adhering powder particles manually.

In addition, there may be a violation of the stability of the car during its movement due to the uneven development of the extinguishing agent from the vessels and the associated shift of the center of gravity.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a universal fire extinguishing installation (patent for utility model RU 158632 U1, 2016), in which there are:

vessels in the amount of not less than individually applied OTV, ensuring their storage and displacement;

several parallel pipelines designed for loading and dispensing HFA in different phase states (in terms of the number of HFA used) for separating solid and liquid HFA flows, which eliminates the need for an intermediate operation of drying pipelines in a fire and provides the possibility of sequential supply of OPS, water and solutions based on it;

a backup drive of elastic media separators for moving to the initial position, in case they are jammed in pipes, which can be carried out by any known method (for example, a winch or a telescopic cylinder), which increases the reliability of the installation;

additional cleaning elements (for example, brush disks) on elastic media separators to remove adhering powder particles from the inner surface of the vessels when replacing the OTV (Bogdanov EA, Fundamentals of technical diagnostics of oil and gas equipment - M .: Higher school, 2006 - 279 s).

The prototype, in addition to some of the disadvantages of analogues, is also characterized by its own disadvantages:

the design of the installation does not allow the use of extinguishing gases as OTV;

excluded the possibility of autonomous operation of the unit for refueling OTV vessels due to the lack of its own internal combustion engine;

there is no universality of the installation on various types of transport, except for automobile.

The listed design flaws of the analogues and the prototype significantly narrow the scope of their application, generally reducing the effectiveness of the use of fire fighting equipment in the specific conditions of their operation, especially regarding the uneven use of their resource. Utility Model Disclosure

The proposed design of a universal fire extinguishing installation (hereinafter - installation) is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of analogues and prototype due to the presence of:

a gas extinguishing system designed specifically to extinguish fires with fire extinguishing gas and to move the elastic dividers by the pressure of this gas, consisting of gas extinguishing modules, electric valves and a device for refueling fire extinguishing gas;

an internal combustion engine designed to ensure the autonomous operation of all systems, to activate the centrifugal pump available as part of the installation for taking water from a water source, supplying HFA to the fire source and refueling vessels;

universal transport cover intended for transportation by land, rail, sea and air.

The installation parameters at the stages of its life cycle are determined according to the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of fire-technical products.

Gas extinguishing modules are selected from the parametric series of steel seamless, small, medium or large volume cylinders for gases (GOST 949-73 *, GOST 9731-79 and GOST 12247-80) that meet the requirements of GOST R 53281-2009.

A piston internal combustion engine running on diesel fuel is connected by a drive to a centrifugal fire pump, which is selected from the parametric series of normal and high pressure pumps (for example, GOST R 52283-2004).

The universal shell is selected from the parametric row of containers according to GOST R 53350-2009 (ISO 668: 1995).

In aggregate, the proposed utility model ensures the implementation of new functions that are not inherent in analogues and prototype, in transferring the installation under various conditions of its use to work with fire extinguishing agents of any kind (water, foaming agent, OPS, fire extinguishing gas) without preliminary structural modifications. This ensures budget savings on purchased and operated fire fighting equipment, optimizing the use of fire fighting equipment and its adaptability to a changing situation.

Thus, the proposed installation meets the condition of patentability "novelty."

Brief Description of the Drawing

The inventive utility model is implemented in a device, the essence of which is illustrated in the figure, where: 1, 2, 4, 10, 17, 21, 22, 23, 29, 33, 34, 49, 52, 65 - valve with electric actuator; 3, 18 - gas extinguishing modules; 5 -cavity of vessels for supplying gas to move the separators; 6 - vessels in the form of pipes for storage and displacement of OTV (only four vessels are conventionally shown by the number of types of OTV); 7 - valve with electric drive and check valve of the powder aeration system; 8 - the cavity of the vessels for storing and displacing the supply of OTV; 9 - elastic media separators; 11 - pipeline issuing solid OTV (powder); 12 - tee connecting the pipelines of solid and liquid OTV; 13 - filter calibrator of powder particles (with a built-in collection of screened particles); 14 - aerosol flow meter; 15, 43, 57, 58 - ball valves; 16 - manual trunks; 19, 38, 44, 47, 66, 67 — a valve with an electric drive and a non-return valve; 20 - pipeline issuing liquid OTV (water); 24 - pipeline issuing OTV (fire extinguishing gas); 25 - internal combustion engine (diesel); 26 - self-priming centrifugal pump; 27, 32, 61 - pressure nozzles; 28 - water distribution pipe from a self-priming centrifugal pump; 30 - pipeline issuing liquid OTV (foaming agent); 31 - foam mixer; 34, 59, 60 - pipeline extinguishing gas; 35 - air filters drainage; 37 - drainage pipeline; 39 - sensors filling vessels OTV; 40 - air compressor; 41 - winch; 42 - a hydraulic cylinder; 43 - pipeline loading solid OTV (powder); 45, 48, 51, 54 - valve with electric drive of the OTV vessel filling system; 46 - refueling gas refueling pipeline; 50 - pipe loading liquid OTV (foaming agent); 53 - pipeline loading liquid OTV (water); 55 - pipeline fence liquid OTV; 56 - pipeline refueling cylinders with compressed air; 62 - tee connecting pipelines of solid and liquid OTV; 63 - filters of the OTV vessel filling system; 64 - valve with electric actuator and non-return valve of the pressure monitoring system in the vessel with OTV (it has the following modes: "pressure control" with automatic actuation, "open", "closed"; 68 - three-way valve with electric actuator; 69 - gas filling cylinder for extinguishing gas.

Utility Model Implementation

All the functions of the prototype “Powder Extinguishing Unit” (patent for utility model RU 158632 U1, 2016) were saved.

The performance of the claimed functions is carried out in the manner described below (with the normally closed position of the stop valves).

1 PERFORMING INSTALLATION FUNCTIONS UNDER NEED

Upon receipt of a new installation, it is set up, which includes the procedure for filling the OTV vessels, in accordance with the needs for their number and types. The known required reserve values of each OTV determine the number of vessels from the total number of vessels necessary to complete the operation to fill them, having previously moved the dividers (9) to the initial (leftmost) position. Moving the separator (9) can be carried out in several ways: by extinguishing gas pressure (for example, the upper vessel), winch (41) (in case of problems with the movement of the separator under extinguishing gas pressure) and using the cylinder (42) (using the example of the lower vessel) .

Moving the separator (9) by the pressure of the extinguishing gas. Fire extinguishing gas is supplied from gas extinguishing modules (3) and / or (18) through an electric valve (1) and (2) through an exhaust pipe (59), a crosspiece (12), an electric valve (33) through an extinguishing pipe gas (34) into the pipeline for the delivery of OTV (extinguishing gas) (24) from the vessels (6). Then, the extinguishing gas enters the cavity (8) of the vessel (6) through the valve with an electric actuator (23). At the same time, the valve (43), valves with an electric actuator and non-return valve (7), as well as the valves (15) of the pipeline for the delivery of OTV (fire extinguishing gas) (24) must be closed. At the same time, extinguishing gas from the cavity (5) of the vessel (6) will exit through the filter (35) and the electric valve (36) into the drain pipe (37), then through the electric valve with a check valve (38) to the atmosphere. The separator (9) will take its original position. After the complete extinguishing gas exit, the electric valve (33) and (36), as well as the electric valve and check valve (38), are closed.

Filling the vessels with fire extinguishing gas is carried out under pressure through the refueling pipeline (46), the valve with electric actuator and check valve (47), the filter (63) and the valve with electric actuator (48). When filling the vessels, the three-way valve with electric drive (68) is in the “closed for all pipelines” position. Upon filling the vessels, the filling sensors (39) are triggered and automatically closes the valves with electric actuators (47) and (48).

Filling the cylinders (3) and (18) with fire extinguishing gas is carried out under pressure through the refueling pipeline (46), the valve with electric actuator and check valve (47), the filter (63), the three-way valve with electric actuator (68), the valve with electric actuator (67) and (68). While filling the cylinders, the valve with the electric actuator (48) is in the "closed" position, and the three-way valve with the electric actuator is in the "closed for the pipeline (56)" position. Upon filling the cylinders, the filling sensors (39) are triggered and automatically closes the valves with the electric actuator (47), (67) and (68), as well as the three-way valve with the electric actuator (68) puts it in the “closed for all pipelines” position.

2 INSTALLATION OPERATION FOR EXTINGUISHING SUBSTANCES

Extinguishing gas

Fire extinguishing gas, being under pressure in a vessel (6), passes through an electric valve (23) through a pipe (24), a tee (12), a manual valve (15) into a manual barrel (16).

Claims (1)

A universal fire extinguishing installation containing vessels in the form of pipes for storing fire extinguishing substances (OTV) in the amount of no less than individually used OTVs and parallel pipelines connected to them, eliminating the contact of OTT flows in different phase states and providing mixing of the liquid OTV under operating conditions, at the same time, their outputs are connected to the inputs of the OTV issuing devices, elastic media dividers inside the vessels, shut-off and safety valves, fire monitors and hand barrels, pressure patrons ki, aeration systems, technical diagnostics of equipment and particle size distribution of the powder, in addition, the elastic separators are equipped with a backup drive and a brush disk, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a gas extinguishing system designed specifically to extinguish fires with fire extinguishing gas and move the elastic separators with the pressure of this gas, consisting of gas extinguishing modules, electric valves and a device for refueling fire extinguishing gas, in addition, this installation it is equipped with an internal combustion engine to ensure the autonomous operation of all systems, actuating an existing centrifugal pump for taking water from a water source, filling water extinguishing vessels and supplying OT to the fire, and is enclosed in a universal transport shell designed for transportation by land, rail, sea and by air.

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