RU194136U1 - Station for unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular, to devices for storing UAVs, their diagnostics, recharging batteries, as well as their launch and landing. The station contains a housing in which a compartment for an unmanned aerial vehicle is formed , closed on top with shutters equipped with mechanisms for their opening and closing, a platform installed in the compartment, equipped with positioning elements for an unmanned aerial vehicle when it is landing on the platform, and t It is also a control unit that can communicate with positioning elements installed on the platform. The platform is equipped with a three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope and mounted on supports, each of which is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting its height position, including a controlled servo drive that can communicate with a control unit, with which the three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope can also be connected. The technical result of the utility model is to provide UAV operation safety. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to equipment for the operation of drones - unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular, to devices that provide storage of UAVs, their diagnostics, recharging batteries, as well as their launch and landing.

Currently, UAVs are widely used in various fields of technology. The advantages of using UAVs are, inter alia, low cost of operation, simple and convenient flight control in comparison with traditional aircraft. To control the UAV, stations are used, both stationary and installed on various vehicles.

So, for example, a module for storing and automatically launching a UAV located on a land vehicle is known, which is made in the form of a platform installed in the vehicle compartment, which is closed in the idle position by folding flaps,

On the platform there are places for installing UAVs.

The platform is equipped with a vertical movement mechanism for raising the UAV from the compartment for its launch and placement in the compartment after the UAV is landing on the platform.

The platform is also equipped with mechanisms for its rotation about the horizontal axis and rotation about the vertical axis, which are designed to calibrate the compass built into the UAV.

The module is equipped with UAV control and power systems. (see RF patent for utility model No. 180861, class B60P 3/11, 2018).

As a result of the analysis of the known solution, it should be noted that the module’s design does not provide for the possibility of regulating the angular position of the platform in order to ensure its horizontal position during take-off and landing of the UAV, including in the process of changing the angle of inclination of the vehicle, especially during its movement, which In some cases, it makes it impossible to launch and land the UAV and can lead to an emergency.

A known station for the automatic landing and charging of UAVs containing a hollow body in which a compartment is formed to accommodate the UAV in it. On top of the compartment is closed by a lid mounted for rotation on the housing. A platform was installed in the compartment cavity for landing a UAV on it and taking off from it. On the upper surface of the platform installed elements for positioning the UAV during its landing. The platform is equipped with a drive for its vertical movement. In the cavity of the body there are also means of recharging UAV batteries. A placard is placed on the outer side surface of the hull to indicate the current position of the UAV during its flight, landing and take-off, the level of charge of its batteries, etc. (see application WO 2016/125142, class B64C 27/08, 2016) - the closest analogue.

As a result of the analysis of this station, it should be noted that, unlike the above module, it is equipped with UAV positioning elements installed on the platform during its landing, ensuring the UAV’s landing accuracy on the platform, the charging device installed in the housing allows the battery to be charged during storage batteries, which is very convenient. However, the implementation of this station, as well as the above module, does not provide the horizontal position of the platform when starting or landing a UAV, regardless of the angular position of the station.

The technical result of this utility model is to ensure the safety of UAV operation by eliminating emergency situations during take-off and landing of UAVs from (onto) platform (s) with a changing station angular position.

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in the station for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a housing in which a compartment for an unmanned aerial vehicle is formed, closed on top with shutters equipped with mechanisms for opening and closing them, a platform installed in the compartment, equipped with positioning elements for the unmanned aerial vehicle landing on the platform, as well as a control unit that can communicate with the positioning elements installed on the platform, is new that the platform is equipped with a three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope and mounted on supports, each of which is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting its height position, including a controlled servo drive that can communicate with the control unit, with which the three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope can also be connected.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by graphic materials on which:

- in FIG. 1 - station for UAVs, axonometric projection, view from the platform;

- in FIG. 2 - UAV station, axonometric projection, view from the side of the control unit;

- in FIG. 3 - station for UAVs, top view;

- in FIG. 4 - station for UAVs, a section of a vertical plane passing through the middle of the platform.

On graphic materials, the following positions indicate the structural elements of the station:

1 - housing;

2 - shutter compartment doors;

3 - compartment cover for auxiliary equipment;

4 - a partition;

5 - platform;

6 - beacons for UAV landing;

7 - made on the platform installation element for the UAV;

8 - control unit;

9 - rechargeable batteries;

10 - servo drives;

11 - communication bus;

12 - synchro-beacon;

13 - wireless charger;

14 - platform supports;

15 - three-axis accelerometer;

16 - gyroscope.

The UAV station consists of a hollow body 1, in which two compartments are formed by the partition 4: - a compartment for a UAV and a compartment for accommodating auxiliary equipment. The UAV compartment is equipped with hinged flaps 2. The flaps of the UAV compartment are equipped with servos 10 for opening and closing. The accessory compartment is equipped with a cover 3 mounted on the housing.

In the compartment for storing UAVs on the supports 14 there is a platform 5. The number of supports can be different, but not less than three. Each support is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting its height position, including a controlled servo drive. The design of such supports is known to specialists and does not require additional explanation.

On the platform 5 there are placed UAV positioning elements relative to the platform 5 - beacons 6 and a synchro-beacon 12, designed to ensure an emergency landing of the UAV on the platform.

Beacons 6 are a laser module with focusing optics. Synchro-beacon 12 is a block of several, for example, five, broad-based LEDs. The selection of the used models of beacons 6 and synchro beacon 12 is not a difficult task for specialists.

In the central part of the platform 5 there is a sample in which the wireless charger 13 is located.

On the platform there is a mounting element 7, made in the form of a centering annular groove.

On the lower surface of the platform 5 there is a triaxial accelerometer 15 and a gyroscope 16.

In the compartment for auxiliary equipment placed control unit 8 and batteries 9, providing power to the station.

While the UAV is in the storage compartment, its batteries are charged using the wireless charger 13 from the batteries 9. If necessary, the control unit 8 diagnoses the station elements and UAV units.

The control unit is connected by a communication bus 11 with servos 10 of the leaves 2, servos of the supports 14, beacons 6 and a synchro beacon 14, as well as with a three-axis accelerometer 15 and a gyroscope 16.

Blocks and structural elements of the station, the implementation of which is not disclosed in this application, are known to specialists and are used for their intended purpose.

Station for UAV operates as follows.

In the initial position (before starting), the UAV is located in the compartment on the platform 5, on which the UAV is centered due to the location of the centralizer in the form of an annular support (not shown) in the centering groove 7. To ensure wireless charging of the UAV batteries, its exact location relative to the charger is required 13. The centering elements prevent the UAV from moving relative to the platform 5 when transporting the station, for example, by car.

The UAV rechargeable batteries are charged from the batteries of the station 9 through a wireless charger 13.

The operator opens the cover 3 to provide access to the panel of the control unit 8.

Before the UAV take-off, a flight task can be set, which is entered from the control unit 8 into the on-board UAV computer.

At the command of the control unit 8, through the servos 10 open the doors 2 of the compartment for the UAV. The three-axis accelerometer 15 and the gyroscope 16 determine the angular position of the platform 5 and transmit the values of its position to the control unit 8, which processes the incoming information and, if necessary, provides control signals to the servos of the supports 14, the movement of which ensures the platform 5 is leveled.

From control unit 8, a command is given to take off the UAV, its engine (engines) is turned on and the UAV takes off from platform 5.

To ensure the UAV landing, similarly to the above, the platform 5 is horizontal and its horizontal position is maintained for the entire time necessary for landing on the UAV platform 5, which is almost always necessary when installing the station on a vehicle that can move during the UAV landing including cross country. To stabilize the platform 5 by roll and pitch, the real angles of the platform deviation from the horizontal by the gyroscope 16 and the three-axis accelerometer 15 are determined, the values of which are transmitted to the control unit 8, in which the necessary position of the supports 14 for compensation is calculated and supplied as a control signal to their servos.

As the UAV approaches platform 5, it is "captured" by beacons 6 and synchro beacon 12.

The principle of operation of the automatic landing system is based on the navigation of a vertically landing UAV in the field of action of laser scanning beacons 6 located on the platform. The base of the beacons consists of three scanning elements located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the landing platform 5, and one omnidirectional sync beacon 12 in the center. The system coverage area is in the area of overlapping visibility of all beacons and includes an inverted truncated cone with a 60 degree opening angle, the section plane of which is at a certain height, for example, 30 cm above platform 5, and the section radius is equal to the length of the straight line from the top to the center of the equilateral of the triangle of the base of the lighthouses 6. Lighthouses form a field of pulses with spatio-temporal modulation, which are three vertically scanning planes with time division and synchronization by flashes of the synchrome beacon 12, forming a unique time diagram of signals at each point in the workspace. On board the UAV, the time between signals is interpreted as elevation angles, which, using a mathematical algorithm similar to solving the problem of the intersection point of three planes, are converted into coordinates. The UAV receiving and computing equipment uses five photodetectors spaced in its housing, and using the vector coordinate conversion of five coordinates calculates the azimuth to the center line of the landing platform 5. Thus, in simplex mode, the receiver receives sufficient information to navigate and make a decision about landing.

The use of this station ensures trouble-free operation of the UAV by ensuring its take-off and landing on the platform, the landing surface is always set in a horizontal position. The presence of flaps covering the compartment for the UAV ensures its safety during storage and transportation.

Claims (1)

Station for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a housing in which a compartment for an unmanned aerial vehicle is formed, closed on top with shutters equipped with mechanisms for opening and closing them, a platform installed in the compartment, equipped with positioning elements for an unmanned aerial vehicle when it lands on the platform, and also a control unit having the ability to communicate with positioning elements mounted on the platform, characterized in that the platform is equipped with a three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope ohm and mounted on supports, each of which is equipped with a mechanism for adjusting its height position, comprising controllable actuator having a capability of communication with a control unit, which also have the ability to connect a triaxial accelerometer and a gyroscope.

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