RU1813214C - Method of determining gas flow structure in apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the study of hydrodynamic, mass transfer, diffusion and chemical processes in machines, apparatus and reactors of the chemical, and petrochemical, pelvic, fuel, energy and other industries, Summary of the invention: the gas flow before being fed into the apparatus is instantly charged with excess negative charge moreover, ionized particles cannot settle on the walls of the apparatus due to the charge of the same name supplied to the apparatus, which improves the accuracy of determining the flow structure the basics. 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to methods for measuring the residence time of particles of a gas stream in an apparatus or to methods for measuring the structure of a gas stream and can be used in the study of hydrodynamic, mass transfer, diffusion and chemical processes in machines, apparatus and reactors of chemical, petrochemical, gas, fuel, energy and other branches of industry.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed method for measuring the structure of a gas stream.

The gas flow before entering the apparatus 1 enters the electric-discharge chamber 2. At the outlet of the apparatus 1, a conductometric cell 3 with a recording device 4 is installed.

The measurement of the structure of the gas stream is as follows. Flow

of gas before entering the apparatus 1 first enters the electric discharge chamber 2, where an electric discharge occurs under the action of an instantly applied high voltage. The positively charged ions in the electric discharge chamber 2 are discharged, and the gas flow at the exit from the electric discharge chamber 2 excess negative charge of the molecules of the main flow of gas and electrons forming a standard pulse signal at the entrance to the apparatus 1. Passage through the apparatus 1, in accordance with its flow structure, negatively charged base molecules th flow of gas and electrons are registered at the exit of conductimetric cell 3 transmitting a recording device 4 changes the electrical conductivity of the gas stream,

Example. The measurement of the structure of the gas stream according to the proposed 00

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method in the annular space of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

An electrodischarge chamber was installed in front of the heat exchanger, which was a metal pipe with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 160 mm, and an electrode wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 50 mm was located axisymmetrically with it. The metal tube is connected to the negative pole of the high voltage rectifier, and the electrode wire is connected to the positive pole of the same rectifier. The Rumkoft coil was used as a high-voltage source, allowing 220 V AC to be transformed into 20 kV DC. In the outlet fitting of the heat exchanger, two conductivity cell electrodes are installed with a gap of 4 mm. The electrodes of the conductivity cell are connected to a resistance bridge and a KSP-3 potentiometer representing a recording device.

When a gas stream is supplied to a heat exchanger apparatus, it first passes through a metal tube with an electrode-wire, which is an electric-discharge chamber. When the toggle switch in the Rumkoft coil is turned on, the low alternating voltage is transformed into a high direct current voltage, sufficient to form a short-time discharge. Then, the toggle switch turns off and the discharge stops. Due to the corona discharge, positively and negatively charged gas flow ions and free electrons are formed between the electrode wire and the electric discharge tube. Since the electrode wire in the tube of the electric discharge chamber is 110 mm shorter than the tube itself and the tube is negatively charged, positively charged ions of the gas flow are discharged on the walls of the tube connected to the negative pole, and an excess gas flow is supplied to the inlet of the heat exchanger negative charge in the form of an input pulse signal. To prevent excess negative charge from draining onto the heat exchanger body, it was electrically insulated and beneath; keys to the negative pole of the source

direct current.

Distributed over the heat exchanger in accordance with the flow structure, negatively charged molecules and free electrons of the gas stream at the outlet of

a heat exchanger is supplied between the electrodes of the conductivity cell and recorded as a continuous dependence of their concentration on time in the recording device.

It is especially convenient to use the proposed method for measuring gas flow in laboratory and educational purposes, where the use of radioactive isotopes is impractical in safety.

The method is simple in hardware design, since a standard discharge Raz d-1, manufactured by the industry, can be used as an electric discharge chamber.

Claims (1)

The claims A method for determining the structure of a gas flow in an apparatus, the method comprising supplying a flow and an indicator to the apparatus whose conductivity differs from electrical conductivity of the flow, and the function of the distribution of particles of the flow in time is recorded at the output of the apparatus, according to which the structure of the flow is judged, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, before being fed into the apparatus, the gas stream is instantly charged with an excess negative charge, while the same charge is supplied to the apparatus body.