RU1808904C - Method and apparatus for selective water intake from a water reservoir with in-depth water temperature stratification - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the construction and design of water inlets for selective water intake from a reservoir with stratification of the water temperature in depth. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the method includes selecting a reservoir layer for water intake in a limited depth range, subsequently isolating the layer selected for the water intake from the upper and lower layers with a surface that is formed by forming a flat stream and serving simultaneously as a barrier against the entry of fish into water intake 1 by water jets 7 by means of a device in the form of baskets 12 with slotted holes mounted in front of a water intake 1 on pontoons 11; issues 13 for water-air jets, an ejector 8 and a water pump 9. 2 sp.pf-ly, 1 ill ..

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic structures, in particular to structures for hydraulic power plants, such as water intake devices.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the mixing of warm and cold water, create favorable environmental conditions in the downstream, and also protect fish from getting into the water intake.

The drawing shows a selective water intake device, General view.

The selective water intake method is as follows.

The boundary of the water intake zone is formed by water-air jets supplied through air and water pipes, with the possibility of changing the direction and magnitude of the jet momentum depending on the stratification mode of the reservoir, the quantity and quality of water taken.

The selective water intake device comprises a water intake 1, dividing bulls 2 with grooves, trash grids 3, repair gates 4. At the base of the gratings 3 horizontally and vertically along the upper edge of the bulls 2 are boxes 5 provided with slotted outlets 6 for water-air jets 7. The water inlet is provided ejector .§ and water pump 9 connected by pipelines

10 with boxes 5. In front of the water intake 1 pontoons are placed, one group of which

11 is located across the flow and is equipped with horizontal and vertical boxes 12. Opposite sides of the boxes

12 are provided with slots 13 for drawing water and discharging the air-air mixture 14. Another group of pontoons 15 is located along the stream, equipped with sampling panels restricting the intake flow from the sides, and is attached to the bull-calves 2 to move vertically below the water level. Water quality sensors (not shown) are located in the water intake zone and in the reservoir outside the water intake zone, the signals of which, analyzed by a logical computer, change the mode of action of the water jets 7,14. . A selective water intake device operates as follows.

When the water level in the reservoir changes during the summer, autumn and winter periods, thanks to the pontoons 11, 15, a constant deepening of the ducts 12, which produce water-air jets 14, as well as eabral panels restricting the intake flow from the sides, is provided. With the start-up of the water pump 9, the water-air stream flows through pipelines 10 under pressure into horizontal

and vertical boxes 5 and is ejected through slotted outlets 6 at an angle to the horizon, exciting currents that prevent water from entering the water intake from the bottom

layer (cold - in summer or warm - in winter). In addition, the acoustic radiation of the excited currents discourages fish from water intake. Due to these processes, the water temperature in the downstream in the summer

turns out to be higher and closer to the natural conditions that took place before the dam was built. In winter, the temperature is correspondingly lower than with ordinary water intake, which helps to establish

5 of the ice cover is closer to the dam and reduces the adverse thermal effects caused by the freezing mine in the downstream.

When the temperature regime in the reservoir changes, the direction and magnitude of the vector of the impulse of the jets automatically change, ensuring optimal water quality at a minimum cost. For example, in the absence of stratification, the flow of water into the jet stops, the jet becomes only air, having a small impulse, not causing currents, but supporting acoustic radiation that repels fish.

Claims (2)

0 Claims . 1. The method of selective water intake from the reservoir with the stratification of the water temperature in depth, at which a reservoir layer is selected for the water intake 5 in a limited depth range, water is taken from it into the water intake and discharged into the downstream, characterized in that, in order to create favorable environmental conditions in the downstream, by eliminating the mixing of layers of warm and cold water during water intake, as well as to to protect the fish from getting into the water intake, the reservoir layer selected for water intake is isolated from the higher and lower layers by the surface formed by the water-air jets forming a flat flow, directing them at an angle to the horizon for depth of the water intake layer. 0 2. A device for selective withdrawal from a reservoir with stratification of the water temperature in depth, including. a water inlet, the drainage openings of which are separated by grooves with grooves installed, trash grids and repair gates in the grooves, as well as pontoons placed in front of the water inlet, attached to the gobies with the possibility of vertical movement when changing the filling of the reservoir, characterized in that, in order to create favorable environmental conditions in the downstream by eliminating the mixing of layers of warm and cold water during water intake and in order to protect fish from getting into the water intake, the device is equipped with flooded boxes with slotted outlets for water jets, an ejector and a water pump, as well as vertically installed along the stream along the edges of the spillways with side sampling panels attached to pontoons opposite the gobies, in addition, the baskets are flooded and located along the threshold of the water intake horizontally, along the upper face of the gobies vertically, and are also attached to pontoons located in a row across the stream, and slotted outlets are made with the ability to change the direction and flow rate of the water jets.