RU189158U1 - Plate simulator for group classes in the restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility plate “Plate simulator for group classes on the restoration of motor functions of hands and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the neurology and neuropsychology section and can be used in the neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group exercises on the restoration of motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. A useful model with holds a base made of plastic (1), which is a square-shaped plate, in the center of the upper side of which a holder (2) is made, and on both sides of the base (1) there are projections (3) of the same width and height forming on the surfaces of the lower and upper The sides of the base (1) are of the same size as the recess cells (4) of square shape, which are arranged as follows: on the upper side of the base (1), the recess cells (4) are arranged in one row along its perimeter, and on the lower side of the base (1 ) recess cells (4) laid out in the form of horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of recess cells (4) in each row. Thus, the “simulator-plate” at the expense of its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group exercises on the simultaneous restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide contingent patients of the neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The claimed “simulator-plate” introduces into the process of rehabilitation classes element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Description

This utility model relates to medicine to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation when conducting group classes on the restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic.

Important for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education play the form of its organization, used in the course of training with patients with violations of various mental and motor functions.

Methods and forms of organizing rehabilitation education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova LS Aphasia and rehabilitation education. M .; Moscow Psychological Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of social factors is a group form of training that contributes to the recovery of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and supplementing individual classes with a specialist and self-study of patients during their stay in the neurological clinic.

Group activities allow, above all, the activity of communication and impact on the patient's personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. Moscow; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute; Voronezh: Publishing and Production Association NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to group dynamics expert Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more individuals interacting and influencing each other (Myers D. Social psychology. - SPb: Peter, 1997).

Thus, the use of group forms of training contributes to the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various mental functions, including intellectual activity, as well as motor functions, including the motor functions of the hands of patients with a neurological clinic.

In domestic psychology, intellectual activity or thinking is considered as a specific, but complex mental activity that has its own structure and functions (LS Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, Moscow: MPSI Publishers, Voronezh: Modek, 2004 p. 317).

The normal intellectual process can be disrupted by focal brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases associated primarily with the defeat of the tertiary parietal-temporal-occipital or frontal regions of the cerebral cortex.

Restoration of impaired intellectual activity is carried out through special methods depending on various conditions, such as the form of the disorder, the topic of brain damage, the severity of the defect, etc. (L.S. Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, M .: Izd- in MPSI, Voronezh: Modek, 2004, p. 320).

One of the effective methods used for group classes in the restoration of intellectual activity is the traditional game "Tic-tac-toe", which ensures the inclusion of patients in the process of solving various problems arising in the course of game activity.

So, from the current level of technology is known device "a cap simulator for group classes on the restoration of hand movements and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic" (Patent RU 176720 U1, published 01.25.2018).

Structurally, this device is a plastic square base with dimensions ranging from 450 × 450 mm to 600 × 600 mm, on both sides of which there are fields for the game Tic-tac-toe, consisting of nine or sixteen square cells of the same size which made a cylindrical protrusion with an external thread, designed for winding metal lids, chips, containing images of "crosses" and "zeros".

Thus, this device provides the possibility of simultaneous restoration of hand movements and intellectual activity of patients at the neurological clinic due to the fact that the traditional game “Tic-tac-toe” is used as a method aimed at restoring intellectual activity, and hand wrap is used to wrap on cylindrical protrusions of metal lids-chips with images of "crosses" or "zeros".

The disadvantages of this device when using it for classes on the restoration of the motor functions of the hands, intellectual activity and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the limited capabilities of this device when it is used to restore the motor functions of the hands, as it is intended for classes in the restoration of movements of the hand;

b) this device allows you to implement the most simple versions of the game "Tic-tac-toe" on the playing fields of 9 and 16 cells, which reduces the interest in practicing a number of patients;

c) the considerable dimensions of this device make it possible to use it only in appropriate premises for training;

d) the need to use additional elements in the form of metal lids, chips with images of "crosses" and "zeros".

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, a “plate simulator for group exercises on the restoration of motor functions of hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as “plate simulator”) has been developed.

The tasks to be addressed by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity;

b) no need to use additional elements with images of “crosses” and “zeros” due to the fact that patients enter “crosses” and “zeros” by means of an easily washable water marker in square cells of the “simulator-plate”;

c) ensuring the convenience of inscribing "crosses" and "zeros" in the square cells of the "simulator-plate", due to the fact that they are made in the form of depressions that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) prevention of accidental erasing of “crosses” and “zeros” inscribed in square cells, due to the fact that the “simulator-plate” is kept sick by the holder, which allows not to touch its surface during the performance of tasks;

e) ensuring the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

e) compactness of the “simulator-plate” which makes it possible to use it in various conditions, for example, on walks of patients;

g) the simplicity of the design of the simulator-plate, contributing to its widespread introduction into clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model, provided by the structural elements of the “simulator-plate”, is the possibility of conducting group exercises on the simultaneous restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is ensured by the fact that the "simulator-plate" contains a base made of plastic, which is a square-shaped plate, in the center of the upper side of which a holder is made, and on both sides of the base protrusions of the same width and height are formed, forming on the surfaces of the lower and the upper sides of the base of the same size of the cell-grooves of a square shape, which are arranged as follows: on the upper side of the base of the cell-grooves are located in one row along its erimetru, and on the lower side of the base-cell depressions are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of recesses, the cells in each row.

In the preferred embodiment of the simulator plate, the size of the base side is 120-160 mm, and its thickness is 3-5 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the “simulator-plate” holder has a mushroom shape with a cap diameter of 35-45 mm and a total height of 20-30 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-plate" protrusions have a width of 2-4 mm, and their height is equal to 1-2 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the simulator-plate, the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from that of the base.

In the preferred embodiment of the simulator-plate, the total number of recess cells on both sides of the base can be 28 pieces, including 12 on the top and 16 on the bottom side, or 41 pieces, including 16 on the top and 25 on the bottom side of the base.

The essence of the utility model "simulator plate for group classes on the restoration of motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with neurological clinics" is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

FIG. 1 - view of the "simulator-plate" on the top;

FIG. 2 is a view of the “simulator-plate” below;

FIG. 3 - view of the “simulator-plate” on the side.

The inventive "simulator plate" (see Fig. 1-3) includes a base made of plastic (1), which is a square-shaped plate, in the center of the upper side of which a holder (2) is made.

The size of the side of the base (1) "simulator-plate" is 120-160 mm, and its thickness is 3-5 mm.

The holder (2) is made of a mushroom shape (see Fig. 2) with a cap diameter of 35-45 mm and a total height of 20-30 mm.

On both sides of the base (1) there are rectilinear protrusions (3) of the same width and height, which form on the surfaces of the lower and upper sides of the base (1) identical sized recess cells (4) of square shape, designed to fit into them by means of easily washable water marker of various icons in the form of "crosses" and "zeros" in the course of training with the "simulator-plate".

The projections (3) have a width of 2-4 mm, a height of 1-2 mm and are made around the perimeters of both sides of the base (1), as well as on their surfaces.

Thus, the protrusions (3) forming the cells of the recesses (4) provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) facilitate the process of inscribing water markers in the recess cells (4) of the icons due to the fact that the inscription occurs strictly within the borders of the protrusions (3), due to which training with the “simulator plate” becomes available for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands;

b) give additional rigidity to the base (1) of the “simulator-plate”;

c) are supports that allow to place the "simulator-plate" on the horizontal surface of the desktop, protecting the icons inscribed in the recess cells (4) from being erased.

The height of the protrusions (3) does not prevent the removal of the icons inscribed with a marker in the recess cells (4) by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers;

The protrusion cells (4) formed by the projections (3) are located on both sides of the base (1) as follows:

a) on the upper side of the base (1) of the recess cell (4) are arranged in one row along its perimeter (see Fig. 1);

b) on the underside of the base (1), the recess cells (4) are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of recess cells (4) in each row (see Fig. 3).

The total number of recess cells (4) on both sides of the base (1) can be 28 pieces (including 12 on the top and 16 on the bottom) or 41 pieces (including 16 on the top and 25 on the bottom).

Thus, the recess cells (4) located on the lower side of the base (1) form the lower part of the playing field, and the recess cells (4) located on the upper side of the base (1) form the upper part of the playing field. At the same time, the lower and upper parts of the playing field of the simulator-plate form a single playing field for playing Tic-tac-toe, which provides the opportunity to conduct classes on the simultaneous restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic.

For better perception by patients of the recess cells (4), they are highlighted in color (for example, by means of paint), which differs from the color of the base (1) of the “simulator plate”.

For storage and carrying "simulator-plate" is used a cover (not shown in the figures), made of plastic or fabric material.

The work with the “Plate-plate simulator for group classes on the restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic” is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes on the restoration of motor functions of hands and intellectual activity, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of impairment of these processes, and sets the “simulator-plate” on the surface of the desktop so that each patient can reach with a hand with a movement disorder to the holder (2) of the “simulator-plate”.

Then one of the patients takes the “simulator plate” (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) with a hand with movement disturbance behind the holder (2), turns the base (1) upside down (restoration of the movement functions of the hand) and fills the image with a easily erased water marker »Into one of the recess cells (4) located on the underside of the base (1).

After that, the patient returns the "simulator plate" to the desktop, and the other patient takes (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) with his hand in a similar way with movement disorders for the holder (2), turns the base (1) upside down (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) and carries out the next move (restoration of intellectual activity), inscribing the “zero” image in another recess cell (4).

In the course of the further game, patients enter (restoration of intellectual activity) icons in the recess cells (4) located on both sides of the base (1) before the end of the game, which ends as follows:

a) the victory of one of the patients who made up a row of four “crosses” or “zeroes”, which can be located on one or both sides of the base (1);

b) in a draw, when to make a row of four "crosses" or "zeroes" could not be any of the patients.

Thus, during the training session, the “simulator-plate” is constantly transferred from one patient to another, each of which takes (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) from the desktop and holds it (restoration of the movement functions of the hand) by the holder (2).

At the same time, before each move (restoration of intellectual activity), patients are forced to perform various movements (restoration of motor functions of the hand) with the hand holding the “simulator-plate”, giving the base (1) positions, allowing to enter the icons in the recess cells (4) located on the lower or upper sides of the base (1).

After the game is completed, all images of “crosses” and “zeros” inscribed by patients in the recess cells (4) are removed with a sponge to erase water markers.

Along with the traditional game "Tic-tac-toe", "simulator-plate" can be used for the variants of the game "Tic-tac-toe" with other rules, for example, "Tic-tac-toe of Silverman."

In this case, the patients also alternately enter the images of "crosses" and "zeros" in the recess cells (4), but the task changes. The task of playing "crosses" is that in the recess cells (4) a row of four "crosses" or "zeros" will line up. The task of playing "zeroes" is the opposite: not to allow complete rows of either images of "crosses" or images of "zeroes."

After mastering the work with the “simulator-plate” under the guidance of a specialist, patients receive the opportunity to conduct independent classes, both in the clinic and after discharge, at home.

Along with the use of a “simulator-plate” for practicing the restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

a) when conducting remedial developmental activities with children who have impaired formation of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity;

b) when conducting neurocognitive training with people of elderly and senile age;

c) as the original gaming device that implements the new version of the game "Tic-tac-toe".

Thus, the “simulator-plate” at the expense of its structural elements provides the possibility of conducting group exercises for the simultaneous restoration of the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide contingent of patients at the neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The inventive “simulator plate” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive training for patients.

Claims (6)

1. A plate simulator for group classes in the restoration of motor functions of hands and intellectual activity in patients at a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a base made of plastic, which is a square-shaped plate, in the center of the upper side of which a holder is made, and on both sides of the base protrusions of the same width and height are formed, forming on the surfaces of the lower and upper sides of the base identical square-shaped recess cells that are located s follows: on the top side of the base-cell depressions are arranged in a row around the perimeter, and on the lower side of the base-cell depressions are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows with the same number of cells, the recesses in each row. 2. The simulator plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the size of the base side is 120-160 mm. 3. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the holder has a mushroom shape. 4. The simulator plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the height of the protrusions is 1-2 mm. 5. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color. 6. The simulator plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the total number of recess cells on both sides of the base can be 28 pieces, including 12 on the top and 16 on the bottom, or 41 pieces, including 16 on the top and 25 on the bottom side of the base.

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