RU173208U1 - Extruder for the processing of building and polymer materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, a screw in the feed zone is made in the form of a conical section, in a metering zone, the screw is made of two conically and cylindrical sections in series, the screw is the compression zone is made with four continuous wave-like mixing blades arranged along the screw, the sole of the wave of the blade being 0.015 D and the crest of the wave of the blade 0.2 D at the wavelength of the blade 2 D, and forming an input channel with a low and shear deformations, the outlet channel with high shear deformations and the gap of the blade. The technical result consists in obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing building and polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary building and polymeric materials (secondary polymer-building mix) a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation feedstock (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the compression zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for processing building and polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, an auger made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the metering zone, the screw is made of two conical and cylindrical sections in series, and the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a barrier section and a four-way wave-like mixing section with four continuous wave-like blades with eshivaniya, wherein the sole vane wave is 0.015 diameter of the screw and the blades wave crest diameter of the screw 0.2 at a wavelength of 2 blades screw diameters for qualitative mixing the components by creating an additional compression of the melt within the allowable shear strain. With a lower ratio, a step will be obtained at the exit of the barrier section, which will reduce the quality of mixing of the components. With a larger ratio, the melt will not be able to uniformly move along the extruder and critical shear deformations will form.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the metering zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and cylindrical sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

the screw in the compression zone is made with four continuous wave-like mixing blades placed along the screw,

the bottom of the wave of the blade is equal to 0.015 D,

blade wave crest is 0.2 D at a blade wavelength of 2 D

the blades form the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations and the gap of the blade.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulation) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

The extruder for processing building and polymeric materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in a compression zone 5 the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a mixing section of a multicomponent building and polymer mixture 8. In the metering zone 6 , the screw 3 is made of two consecutive parts: from a conical 9 and a cylindrical section 10. On (Fig. 2) is a part of the screw 3 with the wave-like blades 11 located in the compression zone 5. Moreover, the wave-like mixing blades 11 are placed along the screw 12, with this mat The series passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 13 to the output channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap of the wave-like blade 15.

The extruder for processing building and polymeric materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various construction and polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are supplied by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, and compacted in the supply zone 4, then in the zone 5 in of the barrier section 7, the building mixture is moved and the polymer mixture is completely melted, the mixture is created with a temperature uniform throughout the volume, in the mixing section of the multicomponent building and polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5 a uniform dispersing mixing effect occurs, due to the use of a design with mixing wave-like blades to intensify shear deformations of a multicomponent melt, the conical 9 and cylindrical 10 sections of the metering zone 6 determine the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops.

Example. With a screw diameter of 43 mm, the wavelength of the blade is 86 mm, the sole of the wave of the blade is 0.64 mm, the crest of the wave of the blade is 8.6 mm.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary construction-polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for the processing of building and polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, the screw in the feed zone is made in the form of a conical section, and in the metering zone, the screw is made of two conical consecutive and cylindrical sections, characterized in that the screw in the compression zone is made with four continuous wave-like mixing blades placed along the screw, the sole of the wave of the blade being 0.015D and the crest us 0,2D blade at a wavelength 2D blades and forming the inlet channel with low shear strains, the output channel with high shear deformations and blade gap.

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