RU170176U1 - Lightweight fireproof panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to a method for the manufacture of non-combustible sandwich panels made of high-strength and lightweight thin-walled sheets of flame-retardant material, fastened together by partitions, which allows you to vary the size of the voids that can be used to fill the materials that regulate its heat, sound, radio, radiation protective and mechanical properties. The proposed sandwich construction is characterized by fire resistance, low weight, the absence of gaseous degradation products during thermal exposure, can be used as a supporting structure for the manufacture of non-combustible cabinets, shelves, tables, window sills, panels for interior and exterior decoration of buildings, partitions in car and shipbuilding .OOO "Inorganic materials", Institute of chemical physics named after N.N. Semenova RAS, "Technological Incubator RAS" with RUSNANO are organizing the production of thin-walled fire-resistant sheets, the strength of which is more than 10 times the strength of similar products, as well as sandwich panels based on cheap domestic raw materials and having such practically important characteristics as incombustibility, lack of gaseous degradation products during fires, environmental safety. These characteristics make the use of the proposed design promising.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of materials for the furniture industry and construction and can be used for the manufacture of lightweight, durable and fireproof furniture panels, for the manufacture of partitions, window sills and interior cladding, in shipbuilding and transport.

The sandwich panel consists of surface layers made of high-strength fire-resistant sheets based on a reinforced inorganic binder, fastened together by separating partitions of various shapes, allowing you to change the thickness of the panel, the volume of voids left between the layers, which can be used to introduce materials that regulate heat, sound-, radio-, radiation-protective and mechanical properties of the panel and fastening of parts of external structures through fire-resistant sheet materials.

Partitions are made of composites based on inorganic binders reinforced with discrete inorganic fibers.

A known sandwich-type panel including surface layers made of aluminum or steel profiled sheets and a layer of foam or mineral wool placed between them (RF Patent No. 2156364, 2000, No. 87441, 2009).

The disadvantages of these panels are the high weight per unit length of the structure and the release of gaseous degradation products during thermal exposure.

The closest to the purpose and achievement of the technical result (prototype) is a sandwich panel consisting of two surface layers made of sheet material (polyvinyl chloride or metal), and a honeycomb structure (filler). In this case, both surface layers are glued to the honeycomb structure (RF Patent No. 2382854, 2010).

The disadvantages of this panel is the use of sheets made of combustible (organic polymer) or heavy (metal) material.

The technical result of the utility model is a lightweight multi-purpose panel with fire resistance, the absence of degradation products during thermal stresses and fires, high impact strength, bending, used to fasten other structures on it and having the ability to control the operational characteristics of the panel by changing its thickness and making between the outer sheets of fillers, bearing useful properties.

Fire resistance and the absence of gaseous products released during fires are ensured by the use of inorganic binders (sodium, potassium salt of polysilicic acid modified with boron oxides [PATENT of the RF Utility Model No. 165369 of December 9, 2015], aluminous cements with alkali metal silicates, polysialates [PATENT RF Utility Model No. 117357 dated June 27, 2012], cured aluminophosphates reinforced with inorganic glass, basalt, quartz, alumina discrete fibers and fabrics.

This goal is achieved in that the sandwich panel consists of external fire-resistant sheets of reinforced inorganic fibers or inorganic binder fabrics, fastened together by separating partitions of various shapes, allowing you to change the panel thickness, configuration and volume of the voids left between the layers, which can be used for introduction materials regulating the heat, sound, radio, radiation protection and mechanical properties of the panel. Partitions can be used for fastening parts of external structures through fire-resistant sheet materials.

The proposed design is illustrated by the following drawing (Fig. 1).

The essential features of the design are:

- thin-walled sheet material with a low density based on inorganic binder and inorganic fibers, non-combustible (lack of combustion in the atmosphere of oxygen), which does not emit degradation products under thermal effects, with high bending strength σ _bending up to 200 MPa and impact - up to 320 kJ / m , allowing the use of nails, screws or screws when attaching to internal partitions. The sheet material is based on domestic raw materials and has a low cost (RF Patent Utility Model No. 1173357, 2011). None of the known thin-walled materials from metals, ceramics, glass, wood meets this set of properties;

- partitions with variable thickness fastening the outer sheets determine the thickness of the panel and, accordingly, the volume of voids that can be used to introduce heat, sound, radio, radiation-protective materials. Heat and sound insulating properties can be given to the panels by the introduction of powder perlite or mineral wool. The absorption of electromagnetic radiation from the radio wave and microwave range is provided by powder or fibrous carbon dispersed in a powder carrier. The radiation, in particular, neutron-shielding properties of the panels can be determined by the introduction into the voids of powder boron, tungsten and their compounds.

The number and arrangement of partitions is determined by the requirements for the mechanical properties of the panel and the design of the product in which the panel is used. Fastening to external structures, for example, the walls of the cabinet in which the panel is used as a shelf, is carried out through partitions, and the table legs can be attached to the panel through corner scarves.

The combination of the proposed panel components and its design provide a low design weight due to the possibility of varying the panel thickness (the volume of voids between the fire-resistant sheets), small thickness (2-4 mm) and low specific gravity of the sheet cladding material (1.3-2.0 g / cm ³ ), the number and size of partitions.

The outer sheets of the panels can be laminated or painted with non-combustible paint.

The panels can be widely used as materials in the furniture industry, for window sills in construction, as partitions in car and shipbuilding, not only as non-combustible materials, but also as facing materials with increased heat, sound, radio and radiation protective characteristics.

Claims (1)

Non-combustible sandwich panel, characterized by the absence of gaseous products released during fires, made of high-strength, low specific gravity, thin-walled fire-resistant sheets based on an inorganic binder reinforced with inorganic fibers and fabrics interconnected by partitions, the number, shape and location of which allows you to vary the thickness panels, the dimensions of the cavities between the layers, during filling of which the heat, sound, radio, radiation protective and mechanical properties are controlled They are non-carrier and are carrier when connected to other structures.

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