RU179869U1 - Laser cutting product gas removal device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of removal of gaseous products during laser processing and can be used for laser cutting of organic sheet materials.

The technical result is a simplification of the design.

This is achieved by the fact that the device for removing gaseous products of laser cutting contains a set of parallel boxes placed under the processed material, equipped with means for pumping air out of them, and an additionally installed nozzle for alternately supplying compressed air to the boxes on their opposite side from the placement of means for pumping air. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of laser processing and can be used to remove gaseous products arising from the laser cutting of organic sheet materials.

The prior art installation for laser processing is known (RU 75601, B23K 26/08 (2006.01), published on 08/20/2008 [1]). Providing the installation with a means of supplying compressed air to the cutting zone ensures the removal and thereby eliminating the possibility of ignition by laser radiation of gaseous products arising during the cutting of materials such as plastic or wood. The means for supplying compressed air to the cutting zone is made in the form of two nozzles mounted on both sides of the processing zone with the possibility of their movement along one of the coordinates synchronously with the cutting head. In this case, the nozzle that is closer to the cutting zone is turned on. This allows you to reduce the flow rate of the required air to remove gaseous products that occur during processing, since the intensity of the air plume quickly decreases depending on the distance from the nozzle. In this case, the nozzles must move synchronously with the cutting head so that the air flow is directed to the cutting zone.

A disadvantage of the known installation is a significant deterioration in the removal of gaseous laser cutting products at a large distance from the edge of the processed sheet due to the expansion of the compressed air stream and a decrease in the gas flow rate, despite the presence of nozzles on both sides of the table. As a result, ignition of the accumulated gaseous products of laser cutting is possible, causing irreversible thermal deformation and even ignition of the processed organic sheet material.

A prior art table for thermal cutting of sheet material is known (RU 2325251, B23K 7/10, published May 27, 2008 [2]) in which, simultaneously with a portal including a laser cutter, a device is moved to remove gaseous and solid laser cutting wastes. The device for removing gaseous and solid waste of cutting is provided with a drive and includes a container for collecting solid waste of processing placed under the grating, placed with a gap in a casing open from above, mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement parallel to the side walls of the frame, while the bottom of the casing is provided with at least one slotted nozzle parallel to the side walls of the frame and included in the slotted groove of the duct.

In a well-known thermal cutting table, laser products are effectively removed at relatively low cutting speeds. At high speeds, a massive device for removing gaseous and solid wastes will not keep pace with the movement of the laser cutter or will require an expensive and complex synchronous movement system.

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype is a table for thermal cutting of sheet metal (RU 105605, B23K 10/00, published 06/20/2011 [3]), which contains a device for removing gaseous cutting products, made in the form of two located along the long sides tables of ventilation ducts with windows blocked by dampers. Each box at one of the ends is connected to the ventilation device through the duct. The table is divided by partitions into ventilated sections that are connected to the ducts by holes. The openings of the sections are located opposite the corresponding windows with shutters made on the upper walls of the ducts and having an inclination of about 30 ° towards the table. In addition, the shutters are equipped with lever-traction units having a roller, motionlessly connected to each shutter and mounted on boxes opposite each hole. The opening of the ventilation windows of the ducts is carried out when hitting the rollers of the lever-traction units of contact skis, mounted on both sides by a thermal cutting machine.

In the well-known table, the removal of gaseous cutting products is quite efficiently carried out, which is true for low speeds of laser processing. At higher speeds, a significant number of interacting mechanical parts will lead to a deterioration in the dynamics of the table, low reliability and increased noise of the device.

Declared as a useful model, the device for removing gaseous products of laser cutting is aimed at simplifying the design.

The specified result is achieved in that the device for removing gaseous products of laser cutting contains a set of parallel boxes placed under the processed material, and a means for pumping air out of them. At the same time, the device is equipped with a nozzle for alternately supplying compressed air to the ducts from their opposite side from the placement of the air pumping means.

A distinctive feature of the proposed device is:

- supplying a nozzle for alternately supplying compressed air to the ducts from their opposite side from the placement of the air pumping means.

The inventive device for removing gaseous laser cutting products contains one nozzle for supplying compressed air mounted on one side of the processing zone, with the ability to move along one of the coordinates, which greatly simplifies the design of the table. The jet stream formed at the outlet of the nozzle is directed into the duct and effectively involves the contaminated air generated in the duct as a result of laser cutting. The longitudinal duct formed by the above method is isolated from other similar parallel ducts; therefore, the air velocity remains almost unchanged along its entire length. This allows you to effectively use the inventive device for the removal of gaseous products of laser cutting, including on tables with large dimensions of the working field, which makes its use universal.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by an example of its implementation and a drawing, which shows the main elements of the system and the principle of operation (Fig. 1).

The device comprises a laser table 1 with a sheet of processed material 2 mounted on it, on which a cut-out part 3 is schematically shown. Under the sheet 2 are boxes 4 formed on the sides by vertical metal plates 5, and on the bottom by a horizontal metal bottom 6, equipped with means for pumping air out of them 7 (shown by arrows). A crosshead 8 is installed above the table 1, having the ability to programmatically move in the direction indicated by arrows 9, on which a cutter 10 is mounted, which is able to move along the crossarm in the direction indicated by arrows 11. On the opposite side of the placement of the air evacuation means 7, an injector 12 is installed for supply of compressed air to the ducts, having the ability to move in the direction indicated by arrows 13.

The device operates as follows. The laser beam using a laser cutter 10 mounted on the beam 8 with the ability to programmatically move along it in the directions indicated by arrows 11, focuses on the processed sheet material 2 and cuts it through. In turn, the traverse 8 has the ability to programmatically move relative to the table 1 with the processed material 2 in the direction indicated by arrows 9. Both of these programmed movements, controlled by a computer, allow laser cutting on a sheet material of the schematically shown blank 3 of a given shape. In this case, gaseous products of laser processing accumulate under the processed sheet material 2. In the case of cutting organic materials such as plastics, wood, plywood, these products, when mixed with air in certain proportions, form a combustible mixture that can catch fire under the influence of laser radiation. In addition, settling on the processed material, they cause its pollution. To remove laser products, a nozzle 12 is installed below the sheet of processed material 2, an air stream from which is directed to one of the longitudinal boxes 4, formed laterally by vertical metal plates 5 (their location under the processed sheet material is indicated by a dotted line), from below by a horizontal metal bottom 6, and above with a sheet of the processed material 2. The nozzle 12 during the laser processing reciprocates, shown by arrows 13, alternately directing the jet air in each box. The nozzle can be driven by known technical means, for example, controlled by a pneumatic cylinder, an electric motor, a linear electric motor, etc. The jet stream generated at the outlet of the nozzle 12 effectively involves the contaminated air located in the box, blows it out of the laser cut area and blows it out until it leaves the box, where it is picked up by means for pumping air, for example, exhaust ventilation indicated by arrows 7. Each of the longitudinal ducts 4 formed by the above method is practically isolated from other similar parallel ducts and, at a comparatively low total flow velocity, does not exhibit noticeable resistance to emescheniyu gas. Thus, the box can have a considerable length, at least comparable to the size of standard sheets for laser cutting, which determine the necessary dimensions of the laser tables, while the air flow formed by the nozzle inside the box throughout its entire length remains almost unchanged and effectively contributes to the removal of laser processing products. The speed of the reciprocating movement of the nozzle is chosen experimentally such that when the nozzle passes along each box, the contaminated air formed in it as a result of laser cutting is completely removed from the box by air flow.

Claims (1)

A device for removing gaseous laser cutting products, containing boxes located parallel to each other, formed from the sides by vertical metal plates, and from below by a horizontal metal bottom, made with means for pumping air out of them, characterized in that it is equipped with a nozzle made with the possibility of reciprocating movement for alternately supplying compressed air to the ducts from their opposite side from the placement of the air pumping means.

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