RU1781195C - Process for producing fertilizer doped with microelements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the chemical industry, in particular to methods for producing inorganic compounds with the addition of trace elements, and can be used in the manufacture of mineral fertilizers for agriculture. The aim of the invention is to increase the biological activity of plants by reducing the growing season of plants and increasing the adhesive ability of fertilizers. The goal in a method for producing a phosphate fertilizer with trace elements, including mixing a phosphate-containing component with a microelement-containing additive, followed by moistening the mixture with irrigation liquid and drying the product, is achieved by using copper-brass sublimates for the production of brass, which are used in the manufacture of microelement-containing additives. for mixing with phosphorite flour in a mass ratio of (13.5-27.0) 100, and a solution of the carboxymethylcell sodium salt is used as an irrigating liquid vines in water, which is introduced to achieve a weight ratio in the fertilizer equal to (0,03-0,8): 100. Oroshayuscha liquid contains 1-3 mass% carboxymethylcellulose vines. Copper-zinc sublimates of brass production have the composition, wt.%: Zn 65-70; Ci 1-2; Fe 0.5-0.6; A 0.3-0.4; p.p.p. 3.9-4.2. In this way, it is possible to increase the yield of green mass by 3.5% 1 zl of fl, 2 tzbl (/ С VI оо

Description

The invention relates to the chemical industry, in particular, to methods for producing inorganic compounds with microelements and can be used in the production of mineral fertilizers for agriculture.

Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of producing granular superphosphate with trace elements, which is selected as

prototype According to the method, the powdery product is moistened with an MCE-containing suspension. As a moisturizing additive, a mixture of microelement-containing water with spent molybdenum-containing solution is used in a ratio of 4: 1-1.2, and the ratio of the FEM-containing suspension with superphosphate is et 1: 1.2-12.5. Mo-containing solution is pre-neutralized with milk of lime until the pH of the resulting suspension is 7.5-8.0.

The method has a number of disadvantages:

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lack of a binder compound in the trace element suspension;

fertilizer in its effect on plants during the growing season is no different from conventional phosphate fertilizers;

the presence of an additional stage of neutralization of M KZ-containing solution as a side reagent - milk of lime.

Other things being equal, taking into account the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prototype, it can be stated that the use of the described fertilizer with FEM does not lead to a decrease in the vegetative period of plants (see table 1).

The purpose of the invention is an increase in biological activity, a decrease in the vegetative period of plants, and an increase in yield.

The goal is achieved in that the phosphorite flour is mixed with the addition of a copper-zinc composition in a ratio of 100: (13.5-27), after which the mixture is irrigated with a liquid containing 1-3 wt.% Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) in water, and the process is continued until a mass ratio of fertilizer to Na-CMC additive of 100: (0.3-0.8) is achieved.

Thanks to the distinguishing features, the developed method allows:

get fertilizer with trace elements, containing, wt.%: 16-18 P20s; 8-14 Zn; 0.1-0.4 Cu and with improved adhesive properties;

accelerate the development of plants during the growing season (emergence of 4-5 leaves) and thereby increase the yield of agricultural crops;

introduce Na-CMC binder additive in layers into the entire volume of the formed fertilizer particle;

use as a copper-zinc composition a waste from the production of brass containing, wt.%: 65-70Zn; 1-2% Cu; iron and aluminum rest.

The proposed method differs from the prototype in that first the macrocomponent (phosphorite flour) is mixed with the FEM-containing composition (powder) and the mixture is fed into a fluidized bed dryer, where in a fluidized state the mixture is irrigated with a liquid containing Na-CMC additive, while dehydrating the product. Upon reaching a predetermined ratio of fertilizer to Na-CMC supplement, phosphate fertilizer with FEM is discharged from the apparatus. According to the prototype, the Mo-containing solution is mixed and neutralized with milk of lime, and then the FEM-containing water is added. Formed

the suspension is moistened with a phosphate macrocomponent, which is fed for drying and granulation. Thus, the selected technical solutions meet the criterion of novelty.

In the drying apparatus there is a uniform distribution of the irrigation fluid supplied through the nozzles throughout the fluidized bed of the mixture consisting of phosmoke and copper-zinc powder, the Na-CMC additive containing in water at the moment of evaporation of moisture remains on the surface of the particles and due to adhesive particle properties are interconnected. But with a continuous supply of irrigating liquid, a film from the Na-CMC additive forms again on the agglomerated particles and their enlargement again. Thus, the formation of multilayer granules (grains) of fertilizer associated with the additive occurs. Such fertilizer, when applied to the soil, quickly and evenly gives beneficial elements to the soil moisture, and therefore to the seeds of a (certain) crop. This is due to the increased adhesive ability of the fertilizer to form a soil-moisture-binder-fertilizer contact.

The technological scheme for producing phosphate fertilizer with additives according to the proposed method is as follows. A mixture of phosphate rock and copper-zinc powder in a mass ratio of 100: (13.5-27) is fed from the hopper with a screw batcher into the fluidized bed of the KS apparatus. Hot air enters from the furnace under the grill. The temperature in the layer is maintained within the range of 105-110 ° C. An irrigation fluid containing 1-3% Na-CMC is supplied from the spray nozzles. The drying and formation of multilayer fertilizer granules with trace elements is continued until the ratio of fertilizer to Na-CMC additive is 100: (0.3-0.8). Then the product is unloaded.

A study of the agrochemical effect of the obtained fertilizer was carried out under the conditions of a growing experiment on the growth, development, and yield of green mass of corn. The results are shown in table. 1. During the test, sod-podz-st of medium loamy soil was used. Agrohig eska soil characteristics: pH - 5.3-5, s, humus 1.6-2.0%, P205 - 25-40 mg / kg of soil, CaO - 27-43 mg / kg, Zn - 5, 4 mg / kg of soil, Cu - 7.2 mg / kg of soil.

In the experiment, nitrogen and potassium were used as the background. In option No. 2 used

superphosphate with molybdenum according to the prototype, in option No. 3 - phosphorite flour (control), and in option No. 4 - phosphate fertilizer with copper-zinc waste. The test results show the positive effect of the developed fertilizer composition on the growth, development and yield of corn. Corn seedlings appeared one day earlier than the control and the prototype, and the onset of the development phase (appearance of 4-5 leaves) two days earlier than the control and the prototype. The yield of green mass of corn increased compared to the background by 10.5%, with the control by 5%, and with the prototype by 3.5%, but it should be noted that superphosphate having phosphorus pentoxide in water-soluble was taken as a prototype form. Despite this, the appearance of the first phase of plant development using superphosphate occurs two days later.

Field experiment to study the effect of phosphate fertilizer with Zn and Cu additives on barley crop on medium-loamy sod-podzolic soil, in the plow horizon of which 1.9 mg / kg of movable zinc soil and 3.4 mg / kg of movable soil were contained copper. An increase in barley grain of 4.8 c / ha was obtained, which amounted to 19.3% compared with the control.

The use of powdered industrial waste containing, wt.%: 65-70 Zn; 1-2 C, as a copper-zinc composition in an amount of less than 13.5 m.h. per 100 parts by weight phosphorite flour (Table 2) does not have an effective effect on the development of plants, and the use of this composition in an amount of more than 27 parts by weight, on the contrary, has a depressing effect on the growth and development of agricultural crops.

The use of Na-CMC fertilizer additives in an amount of less than 0.3: 100 does not lead to the achievement of the goal, i.e. to increase the adhesive ability of the fertilizer. The increase in additives over 0.8: 100 is impractical, because it can lead to the formation of large fertilizer agglomerates in the apparatus and to a violation of the process technology.

The content of Na-CMC additive in the irrigating liquid less than 1% reduces the effectiveness of its application and increases the duration of the process of fertilizer formation, and the use of additives above 3% leads to the formation of a slow-moving and sticky liquid.

Example 1. A mixture consisting of 100 parts by weight of phosphate rock containing

20% P2U5 vs 13.5 mAh copper-zinc waste with a content, wt.%: 70 Zn and 1 Cu, from the hopper with a screw batcher is fed into the fluidized bed of the apparatus KS. The temperature in the layer is maintained within the range of 105-110 ° C with hot air coming from the furnace under the grate. An irrigation fluid containing 1% Na-CMC in water is fed through spray nozzles. AT

On the KS apparatus, multilayer fertilizer granules are formed with their simultaneous drying until the ratio of fertilizer to Na-CMC is 100: 0.3. After which the finished product is unloaded

5 products. The obtained phosphate fertilizer in the form of grains with additives contains, wt.%: P20517.6; Zn8.3; CuO, 11.

PRI me R 2. A mixture containing 100 wt.h. phosphorite flour containing

0 wt.%: 18 PaOs and 27 wt.h. of copper-zinc waste with a content of 65 Zn and 2 Cu from a hopper with a screw batcher is fed into the fluidized bed of the KS apparatus. The temperature in the layer is maintained in the range of 105-110 ° C.

5 with hot air coming from the furnace under the grate, an irrigation liquid containing 3% Na-CMC in water is fed through spray nozzles. In the apparatus of the COP is the formation of multilayer

0 fertilizer granules while drying them until the ratio of fertilizer to Na-CMC is 100: 0.8. After which the finished product is unloaded. Received phosphate in the form of cereals fertilizer with

5 additives contains, wt.%: PaOs 14: Zn 13.7, Cu 0.4.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing a Phosphate fertilizer with micronutrient additives, comprising mixing a phosphate-containing component with a micronutrient additive, followed by moistening the mixture with irrigation liquid and drying the product 5, characterized in that, in order to increase the biological activity of fertilizers, they use micronutrient additives copper-zinc sublimates of brass production, which are mixed with phosphorite flour in a mass ratio (13.5-27.0): 100, and a solution of irrigation fluid is used p sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose in water, which is introduced until a mass ratio of fertilizer of 5 is reached (0.3-0.8): 100, respectively, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigated liquid contains 1-3% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose. Table 1 The results of vegetation tests of phosphate fertilizers with additives The results of vegetation tests of phosphate fertilizers with the fore of copper-sublimates NK + Fosiuks (control) NK phosphate fertilizer with Zn-iCiHeeflayn Ci-5 sheets) lit, 05 17.05 25.05 12.5-100 0, fi: 1QO H, 05 16.05 23.05 Table 2 PO361.2 I1365.13.9