RU161377U1 - WOODEN FRAMELESS PANEL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A wooden frameless panel containing pressure-glued parts with a groove-joint joint made in the size of the home kit elements, characterized in that it is made of passive glued beam parts, arranged in such a way that, when joining the groove-protrusion, the insulation layer of each part is directly in contact with a layer of insulation of an adjacent part, thus forming a continuous layer of insulation inside a wooden frameless panel, the contacting surfaces of the details of the beam have a layer of glue, d the details have machined ends, the longitudinal size of the parts coincides with the specified dimensions of the panel as part of the home set; from the side of each end panel contains end bars, rigidly fixed with fasteners to each of the wooden parts of the bar at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the panel, has mounting loops for ease of transportation and construction, 2. A wood frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is solid. 3. A wood frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has window and / or door or floor openings. 4. A wooden frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that self-tapping screws are used as fasteners. 5. A wood frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains electric and communication cables.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular to building materials intended for the construction of facilities for various purposes, residential buildings, farm buildings, industrial and agricultural facilities.

Terms used in the description:

A beam is sawn, hewn timber, or an glued bag of lumber, the length of which significantly exceeds the other two dimensions.

A beam is a structural element, usually in the form of a beam, working mainly on bending.

Lamel - a structural detail of a wooden beam, beam or panel, rectangular or curved section, having a significant length in relation to other dimensions (width and height)

Passive glued beam (PCB) is a long building element consisting of two symmetrical parts glued from lamellas, interconnected by a layer of structural insulation. Passive - resistant to heat transfer, having good thermal insulation properties.

Blasting - cutting timber into individual parts of the desired length. When shaving, it is important to obtain the desired length of parts and to prevent the formation of chips at the ends. For this operation, special equipment is used, for example, a miter saw.

Scatter - a temporary part that provides mutual perpendicularity of the planes. In particular, a stable vertical arrangement of the end wall perpendicular to the floor covering. It is a long part, for example a board, rigidly fixed at an angle to the ends of the wall panel and the floor covering panel, forming a triangle - a rigid structure (truss).

The undoubted positive qualities of wooden panel house building are the quick assembly of the structures of the erected object, a high degree of finishing readiness of the structures (or the object that does not require internal and external decoration), while the operational characteristics of the erected object depend on the design and properties of the panel as an element of the home kit (set of panels and connecting elements future home).

Known technical solution according to patent RU 2107135 C1 E04C 2/10, E04B 1/10, publ. 03/20/1998, WOODEN BUILDING PANEL AND PREFABRICATED BUILDING FROM PANELS in which the panel consists of longitudinal and transverse ribs and cross stiffeners that form the panel frame. The stiffening elements have a height less than the ribs, due to which a foam-shaped cavity is formed in the panel, in which elements of the outer plank cladding are freely mounted on top of each other. All other panels of the building, namely the panel with the doorway, the panel with the window opening, the gable panels, the floor panels, the cover panels and the floor panels, are made according to the structural scheme similar to the ordinary panel. In the building, the panels are connected by metal connecting elements in the form of straight overlays, T-shaped overlays, corner overlays and U-shaped clamps, which, with the help of nails, attach the connecting elements to the panels, connecting the latter into a single structure. Disadvantage: the frame system has a high complexity, a large number of connecting elements, fasteners. At the same time, the thermal insulation properties of the panel are low. The disadvantages of the known solutions are the complexity of the panel design, the large number of connecting elements and their high cost.

Known technical solution according to patent RU 82241 U1 E04C 2 / 1,0 E04B 2/10 (2006.01), publ. 04/20/2005, WOODEN PANEL AND BUILDING BUILDING FROM WOODEN PANELS, according to which the wooden panel of the building contains two rows of superimposed wood-building modules, formed horizontally superimposed on each other, glued to each other by slats of substandard coniferous or deciduous wood species on which mainly three rows are made, vertically spaced openings are interconnected with each other, while the above-mentioned wood-building modules of one, for example, the outer row of a building panel vertically along the length of the panel, and another, such as the inner row, are installed horizontally along the height of the panel, lapped on the wood-building modules of the outer row and fastened together with screws, and the wood-building modules are made, mainly 1000 mm long, 75 wide mm and 600 mm high. Known panels contain two rows of superimposed wood-building modules, formed horizontally superimposed on each other, glued together by rails of substandard coniferous or deciduous wood, on which mainly three rows are made, paired with vertically arranged holes, while said wood-building modules of one, for example, the outer row, are installed vertically along the length of the panel, and another, for example, the inner row, are installed horizontally in height panels lapped on the wood-building modules of the outer row and fastened together with screws, and the wood-building modules are made, mainly long - 1000 mm., width - 75 mm. and a height of 600 mm., while the said connecting elements are made in the form of a T-shaped metal inserts, and the floor panels are installed end to end in the opening between the internal modules of the wall, floor and floor panels, and the said connecting elements made in the form of a T-shaped metal inserts are installed in such a way that its horizontal part is located vertically and adjoins the inner wall of the external module of the wall panel, coating and floor and is fastened with screws with it, and its vertical part The part was installed at the end between two rows having recesses at the end of the wood-building modules of the floor panel and was fastened with screws. Disadvantages: the complexity of the panel design, the difficulty of attaching the panels to each other, the panels have low thermal insulation properties.

Closest to the claimed is a technical solution according to patent RU 107199 U1 E04B 1/10, publ. 08/10/2011 according to which the WALL WOODEN COMPOSITION PANEL FOR A MULTI-STOREY HOUSE consists of upper and lower wooden bindings and wood blocks placed between them, the height of which is equal to the distance between the upper and lower wooden bindings, and the width of the wood block is 0.25-0.5 its heights. A panel in length dimension is composed of a set of wood blocks of the same or different widths. The wood block is made of layers of boards interconnected by an adhesive or mechanical devices. The wood blocks in the set are interconnected by differently recessed longitudinal grooves and their corresponding protrusions on an adjacent wood block. The lateral fastenings of the panels in a horizontal row are made in the form of tongue-and-groove profiles selected on the lateral surfaces of the extreme wood blocks, and in the corners - in the form of stepped profiles on the cross section. When mounting the panels on each other, the connection between them is in the form of mating protrusions and depressions, and when installation on the floor, the contact surfaces of the panel strapping are flat and connected to the floor with metal clips. The panels have a decorative or protective coating, which may be non-metallic or metallic. At the junction of the wood blocks with the harnesses, deepenings of the elements of hydro-electric communications of the house were made. In wood blocks, a layer of heat insulating material may be provided. Disadvantages: complex connections of the panel layers, insufficient strength, insufficient thermal insulation. The wood block used in the prototype as a supporting panel does not have the necessary strength, since the layers are located in a vertical plane perpendicular to the foundation; thus used wood blocks are not strong enough, difficult to manufacture, time-consuming. The quick assembly of the house does not compensate for the complexity of manufacturing wood blocks and the insufficient strength and reliability of their use as a supporting panel, and a non-continuous layer of thermal insulation material suggests the presence of "cold bridges", and therefore the thermal insulation properties are insufficient.

To address these shortcomings, a technical solution is proposed for the design of a frameless multilayer wood panel for use in the construction of wooden prefabricated buildings and structures.

The technical task is the construction of ready-made blocks in the form of a frameless panel for the construction of a prefabricated house with improved quality and performance: first of all, strength and thermal insulation properties.

To solve this problem, it is proposed the construction of a wooden frameless panel used as component parts-blocks of a pre-fabricated building. Wooden frameless panel - a lightweight frameless multilayer panel consisting of elements of a passive glued beam, glued under pressure in the press. Passive, resistant to heat transfer, glued beams are made of two rows of glued under pressure wooden lamellas with a layer of structural insulation.

In accordance with the project, the panel has the dimensions of the finished wall or the overlap of the designed house kit. A standard house kit includes at least two end walls, two longitudinal walls, floor slab, internal (interior) wall, ceiling slab, embedded beam on piles (at least three), rafter system, lathing, roofing.

The panel has a predetermined size, for example, of an end wall, of glued beams with a layer of structural insulation as follows: they make the edge (size) of the beam in the size of the future panel, gluing the finished wall (wall panel) with openings for windows and / or doors on the press polyurethane adhesive with electric cable laying, installation of internal end bars, which play the role of plugs, installation of mounting loops. A wooden frameless panel consists of timber parts folded onto each other with a groove joint in such a way that the layer of insulation of each part directly contacts the layer of insulation of the neighboring part, thus forming a continuous layer of insulation inside the finished frameless panel, which, due to the absence of cold bridges, increases thermal insulation panel quality. The ends of the panels are closed by end bars. The end bars are rigidly fixed to the ends of the panels with fasteners in the wooden part of the beam at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the panel. At least two mounting loops are fixed to the end bars of each panel, which increase the convenience of transportation and installation during construction. The ends of the wall panels are closed with end plates. Each wall panel according to the project is made with predetermined openings for installing windows and doors. The floor or ceiling panel is made without openings, unless otherwise provided by the project (for example, an interfloor overlap may have an opening for the installation of an interfloor staircase). As a special case, the overlap consists of sections, each of which is a frameless panel with a single maximum size that matches the size of, for example, the end wall, the sections are laid on the embedded beam and fastened to each other and to the embedded beam by mounting plates. Thus, with the help of a frameless panel, floors are made for houses of large area. The fastening of the end bars, wall panels to the racks, floor panels to the embedded beam is carried out by self-tapping screws.

When assembling the home kit, the embedded beam is installed on the pile foundation, then the floor slab is attached to the embedded beam with screws, then the wall panels are attached to the embedded beam through the posts using the self-tapping screws, while temporary spacing is used to maintain the vertical position, then the longitudinal walls are mounted to the posts. After mounting the end panels, the longitudinal panels are mounted. The longitudinal panels are also fastened with screws to the posts at the end panels. The inner panels are fixed with screws from the outside of the longitudinal and end panels through. Interfloor ceilings are also made of frameless floor slabs. Fastening of floor slabs with wall panels is carried out by self-tapping screws to the end bars in the panels. Wall panels of the second floor are installed on the floor panels, longitudinal and transverse wall panels of the second floor are built in the same sequence as the first.

The roof is made of ceiling frameless panels. Insulated roof: ceiling panels with screws are attached to the racks in the wall panels. On mounted wall panels, a cranial block and a roofing are laid. Insulated roof: two beams (Mauerlat) are attached to the attic floor from the panels. The rafter system, lathing and roofing are being erected on the Mauerlat from the board.

Advantages of wood frameless panel:

1. Environmental friendliness. In the manufacture of wooden frameless panels, only environmentally friendly materials of leading domestic and foreign manufacturers are used. All materials are subject to OTC control and have mandatory hygiene certificates.

2. The weight of the structure is facilitated, which has a positive effect on the timing and complexity of installation, and also has a significant impact on cost savings in building a house and transporting panels from the manufacturer to the customer’s site;

3. A modern appearance that does not require additional exterior and interior decoration. A basic set of electrical and other communication networks has already been installed in the walls, openings for windows and doors have been completed, installation has been completed for installing communications, supply and exhaust ventilation, slopes.

6. The speed of assembly. The manufacture of the finished panel in the factory and the subsequent installation of the prefabricated structure on the finished foundation take no more than 14 days.

7. Lightness and high strength. The weight of the average house is 20 tons, which allows you to build a house on any type of soil, pontoons. The design of the frameless panel provides its high strength of use as a supporting structure.

8. Profitability. The panels are made with ready-made openings for windows and doors, which avoids unnecessary raw material costs and significantly reduces the cost of a complete set of finished houses.

The technical result is an improvement in the operational characteristics of the house by increasing the strength and thermal insulation properties of the panel.

The technical result is achieved by the construction of a wooden frameless panel containing pressure-glued parts with a groove-joint joint made in the size of home components made of passive glued beam parts arranged in such a way that, when joining the groove-joint, the insulation layer of each part is directly in contact with the layer the insulation of the adjacent part, thus forming a continuous layer of insulation inside the wooden frameless panel, the contacting surfaces of the parts b channels have a layer of glue, the parts have machined ends, the longitudinal size of the parts coincides with the given dimensions of the panel as part of the home kit; on the side of each end panel contains end bars, rigidly fixed with fasteners to each of the wooden parts of the bar at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the panel, has mounting loops for ease of transportation and construction. Depending on the purpose, the wooden frameless panel in the house kit is solid or has window and / or door or floor openings. As a special case, self-tapping screws are used as fasteners. The finished wooden frameless panel has mounting loops for easy transportation and construction, the panel contains an electric and communication cable.

A continuous layer of insulation improves the thermal insulation properties of the panel. Each wall panel according to the project of flashing the timber to size, gluing the bar in the press, taking into account openings on polyurethane adhesive with cable laying), installing internal end bars, installing mounting loops; then the home kit is assembled, including the installation of the embedded beam on the pile foundation, then the frameless ceiling panel is attached to the embedded beam, then the wall panels are attached to the embedded timber through the posts through the posts, then the longitudinal walls are mounted to the posts, then the internal wall panels, and the wall ones the panels have openings for windows and doors, then the interfloor frameless floor panels are attached to the wall panels, then the ceiling panel, then the roofing system.

The roofing system can be insulated or non-insulated, while ceilingless frameless panels are used to create an insulated roofing system. For gluing a frameless wood panel in the press, polyurethane glue is used, and before gluing in the cavity of the beam occupied by the insulation, an electric and / or fiber optic and / or communication cable is laid. Self-tapping screws (for example, Rotoblaas TBS) are used as fasteners for fastening the end bars to the ends of the panels and for fixing the parts of the house kit together.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the images in FIG. 1-18, where

1 - longitudinal wall panel;

2 - end wall panel;

3 - internal (interior) wall panel.

4 - end block;

5 - rack;

6 - end plate;

7 - fasteners (self-tapping screws);

8 - wooden lamella PKB;

9 - structural insulation PKB;

10 - panel overlap;

11 - mortgage beam;

12 - mounting plate;

13 - splashes.

FIG. 1 - Wall layout

FIG. 2 - Wall connection units

FIG. 3 - End wall panel

FIG. 4 - Longitudinal wall panel

FIG. 5 - Internal wall panel

FIG. 6 - PCB beam profile for the manufacture of wall panels

FIG. 7 - Panel overlap

FIG. 8 - Profile of the timber used for the manufacture of floor panels

FIG. 9 - Installation of the embedded beam

FIG. 10 - Mounting units for floor panels

FIG. 11 - Layout of floor panels

FIG. 12 - Installation of end panels on floor slabs

FIG. 13 - Installation of longitudinal wall panels

FIG. 14 - Installation of interior wall panels

FIG. 15 - Installation of floor panels

FIG. 16 - The scheme of the device insulated roof

FIG. 17 - Scheme of the device insulated roof

FIG. 18. End plate.

An example implementation.

The design of the wooden frameless panel contains pressure-glued parts of a passive glued beam (Fig. 6, 8) with a groove-joint joining in such a way that the layer of insulation 9 of each part is directly in contact with the layer of insulation of the neighboring part, thus forming a continuous layer of insulation inside the wooden frameless panels. To do this, measure the size of the details of the beam, while the finished parts are placed in the lock groove in such a way that the insulation layer remains continuous, the finished wall panel with openings on polyurethane adhesive is glued in the press, providing for the laying of an electric cable and other communication cables. For gluing, for example, polyurethane glue is used, gluing is carried out in a press under a pressure of, for example, 2.5 bar, then internal end bars 4 are installed on the side of each end of the panel, fixing them by installing fasteners, for example, self-tapping screws 7, at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis panels (Fig. 2, A), thus connecting the end bar 4 and the wooden part of the bar 8 constituting the panel. Self-tapping screws are attached after 10-15 cm to the outer and inner lamellas. Then the mounting loops are installed: the mounting loops are installed along the edges of the panels from the end to the bar, they are made of textile tape for slings. The contacting surfaces of the beam parts have an adhesive layer, the parts have machined ends, the longitudinal dimension of the parts coincides with the given dimensions of the panel as part of the house kit ; the panels are continuous, or with provided and formed window and / or doorways. The finished wooden frameless panel has mounting loops for ease of transportation and construction; the panel glued under pressure in the press contains an electric and communication cable.

For the manufacture of wall panels, a PCB beam (Fig. 6) with chamfers is used, for a floor and coating panel, a PCB bar without chamfers is used (Fig. 8).

Manufacturing technology:

- Shaving to PCB size (without chamfers) with optimization of workpieces along the length.

- Bonding in the press of wall panels and floor panels. The maximum length is 12 meters, width is 1.2-3 meters. When gluing, polyurethane adhesive is used.

- When gluing inside the panels in places specified by the project, an electric and communication cable is laid.

- Installation of internal end bars, fastening with screws 7 to the wooden part of the PCB (Fig. 4).

The main elements: for the manufacture of a frameless panel, PCBs with chamfers and without chamfers are used, the inner end block is 80 × 100 mm, fasteners 7 (for example, Rotoblaas TBS screws). The end block 4 is installed in the ends of the internal and longitudinal panels, as well as the floor panels, attached to the PCB lamellas with self-tapping screws.

End plate 6 (Fig. 18) 40 × 140 mm - closes the ends of the longitudinal panels (Fig. 4, 7), protecting against environmental influences, weather conditions and giving an aesthetic appearance.

Connecting elements - stand (for example, glued profiled beam 90 × 90 mm), used for fastening the end and longitudinal wall panels

Assembly - construction of a house kit.

The embedded glued beam 11 with a section of 140 × 210 mm up to 12 meters in length is installed on the pile foundation (Fig. 9), then the floor panels 10 are laid, the floor panels are attached to the self-tapping screws 11 to the embedded beam 11.

The assembly of wall panels on the floor panel begins with the installation of the end panels 2. The fastening of the end panels 2 to the embedded beam 11 is carried out through the posts 5, pre-attached to the end panels. Racks 5 using self-tapping screws 7 are attached to the embedded beam 11. To give a vertical position to the end panels, temporary splashes 13 are used (Fig. 12)

After the installation of the end panels 2, the longitudinal panels 1 are mounted. The longitudinal panels are also fastened with screws 7 to the posts 5 of the end panels. The inner (interior) panels 3 are fastened with screws from the outside of the longitudinal and end panels through (Fig. 2).

Profiled parts are manufactured on a 4-sided machine:

inner end bar - glued profiled beam 80 × 100 mm,

stand - glued profiled beam 90 × 90 mm,

end strip - glued profiled beam 40 × 140 mm,

embedded beam - glued beam profiled 140 × 210 mm up to 12 m long.

Interfloor ceilings 10 are also made of frameless floor slabs. The fastening of floor slabs with wall panels is carried out by self-tapping screws 7 to the end bars 4 in the panels. As a special case, the overlap consists of sections, each of which is a frameless panel with a single maximum size that matches the size of, for example, the end wall, the sections are laid on the embedded beam and fastened to each other and to the embedded beam by mounting plates 12 (for example, from perforated metal tape). Thus, with the help of a frameless panel, floors are made for houses of large area. Wall panels of the second floor are installed on the floor panels, longitudinal and transverse wall panels of the second floor are built in the same sequence as the first.

The roof is made of ceiling panels. Insulated roof: ceiling panels with screws are attached to the racks in the wall panels. On mounted wall panels, a cranial block and a roofing are laid. Insulated roof: two beams (Mauerlat) are attached to the attic floor from the panels. The rafter system, lathing and roofing are being erected on the Mauerlat from the board.

The inventive wooden frameless panel provides high speed construction of facilities, including by reducing the weight of the structure. Structures made of wooden frameless panels having high heat-insulating properties, have high strength using the panels as a supporting structure, do not shrink, do not require additional insulation, excluding the technological operation of installing insulation and cladding, thereby reducing construction time and cost.

Claims (5)

1. A wooden frameless panel containing pressure-glued parts with a groove-joint joint made in the size of the home kit elements, characterized in that it is made of passive glued beam parts, arranged in such a way that, when joining the groove-protrusion, the insulation layer of each part is directly in contact with a layer of insulation of an adjacent part, thus forming a continuous layer of insulation inside a wooden frameless panel, the contacting surfaces of the details of the beam have a layer of glue, d the details have machined ends, the longitudinal size of the parts coincides with the specified dimensions of the panel as part of the home set; on the side of each end panel contains end bars, rigidly fixed with fasteners to each of the wooden parts of the bar at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the panel, has mounting loops for ease of transportation and construction, 2. Wooden frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is solid. 3. Wooden frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has window and / or door or floor openings. 4. Wooden frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that self-tapping screws are used as fasteners. 5. Wooden frameless panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains electric and communication cables.

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