RU169590U1 - TONOMETER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to measuring devices in an industrial setting for systolic upper and diastolic lower blood pressure and heart rate in employees of power plants, power generating, power-using and power-transmitting devices, which are directly exposed to high-voltage electromagnetic fields due to the nature of their production activities, and as a result, they may experience manifestations of cardiac arrhythmias. A task to solve which a useful model is directed, is the development of a tonometer with which it is possible to identify the degree of arrhythmia. The technical result, which is to identify the degree of arrhythmia, is achieved due to the fact that the tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumotubes, an electromagnetic valve, a throttle, an electric air compressor, a sensor pressure, electronic processor, liquid crystal display, voice guidance unit, electronic analyzer of the intervals of repetition frequencies and amplitudes of pulse oscillations, having a package application programs, and a control panel connected to the power supply unit, while the compression cuff is connected by means of pneumatic tubes to an electromagnetic valve, and through an inductor with an air compressor and pressure sensor, the electronic processor is connected by electrical connections to an electromagnetic valve, pressure sensor, air compressor , a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and a control panel, an electronic analyzer is electrically connected to an electronic processor,

Description

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to measuring devices in an industrial setting for systolic upper and diastolic lower blood pressure and heart rate in employees of power plants, power generating, power-using and power-transmitting devices, which are directly exposed to high-voltage electromagnetic fields due to the nature of their production activities, and as a result, they may experience manifestations of cardiac arrhythmias.

A known tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumatic tubes, an electromagnetic valve, a throttle valve, an electric air compressor, a pressure sensor, an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and a control panel connected to the power supply unit, while the compression cuff is connected using pneumatic tubes, with an electromagnetic valve, and through a throttle with an air compressor and a pressure sensor, the electronic processor is electrically connected to an electromagnetic valve Pan, a pressure sensor, an air compressor, a liquid crystal display unit and the voice guidance control unit (Shoulder automatic tonometer Microlife BP A100 http://www.medtehno.ru/catalog/auto_ton/).

The disadvantages of the known tonometer:

1. The inability to measure the maximum and minimum time intervals for the quantitative determination of the degree of arrhythmia, since the device’s display only shows the time intervals by flickering a marker with a heart image, the pulse values of indicators for people with a disease, for example, atrial fibrillation, can be three times different according to measurements by a known device .

2. The inability to quantify systolic pressure during periods of maximum and minimum intervals between two heart contractions, as the display of the device shows only pressure integrated over the entire period of time, which can vary by 1.6 times.

3. The inability to quantify diastolic pressure during periods of maximum and minimum intervals between two heart contractions, as the display of the device shows only integrated pressure over the entire period of time, which can vary by 1.3 times.

These measurement shortcomings by a known tonometer do not allow determining the cause of arrhythmia, for example, is arrhythmia caused directly by the action of high-voltage electromagnetic fields, or is it the result of improper medication, or is it just physiological fatigue of the human body.

A known tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumatic tubes, an electric air compressor, a liquid crystal display, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, a throttle, an electronic processor, a control panel, a power supply unit, a voice guidance unit (see patent US 2009012412 A1, 01/08/2009).

The disadvantage of this tonometer is the impossibility of simultaneously determining the degree of arrhythmia in the automatic mode, since the device only qualitatively and separately detects the unevenness of the pulse oscillation (irregular heart rate due to the analysis of pulse beat intervals) and the amplitude of the beat oscillations.

The prototype is a tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumatic tubes, an electromagnetic valve, a throttle valve, an electric air compressor, a pressure sensor, an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit, an electronic analyzer of the intervals of pulse frequencies and pulse oscillation amplitudes, which has an application program package and a remote control control connected to the power supply, while the compression cuff is connected, using pneumatic tubes, to the solenoid valve, and through oscel with an air compressor and with a pressure sensor, the electronic processor is electrically connected to an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, an air compressor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and a control panel, an electronic analyzer of the intervals of pulse repetition frequencies and pulse oscillation amplitudes is electrically connected to an electronic processor, liquid crystal display, voice guidance unit and is configured to determine the maximum and minimum the values of the time intervals for the pulse repetition rate and the amplitude of the oscillations at these pulse rates with the output of the indicated values on the liquid crystal display and in the voice guidance unit (application RU for the invention No. 2012157487.14, publ. 07/10/2014).

The main disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to identify the degree of arrhythmia.

The objective of the utility model is the development of a tonometer, which eliminates the specified disadvantage of the prototype.

The technical result, which consists in identifying the degree of arrhythmia, is achieved due to the fact that the tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumatic tubes, an electromagnetic valve, a throttle, an electric air compressor, a pressure sensor, an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit, an electronic analyzer of frequency intervals the following and amplitudes of the pulse oscillations, having a software package, and a control panel connected to the power supply unit, while the compression cuffs connected via pneumatic tubes to an electromagnetic valve, and through a throttle to an air compressor and a pressure sensor, the electronic processor is connected by electrical connections to an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, an air compressor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and a control panel, an electronic analyzer is connected by electrical connections with an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and is configured to determine the maximum s and minimum values of the time intervals of the pulse repetition frequencies of oscillation and the oscillation amplitude values at these frequencies with the pulse derivation specified values on the LCD and the voice guidance unit according to the present utility model, there is an electronic unit to determine the degree of fibrillation using the formula St

where n _max is the number of intervals with the maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse, n _min is the number of intervals with a minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse, t _max is the unit duration of the maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, t _s is the average duration of the absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, t _min is the unit duration of the interval of minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, n _p is the average integral heart rate of a heartbeat (heart rate of heart contractions) recorded by the analyzer, m _{m ax} is the number of maximum amplitudes, A _max is the value of maximum amplitude, A _s is the average value of amplitude A _min is the value of minimum amplitude, m _p is the number of average amplitudes.

Thus, the technical result is achieved using an electronic unit to determine the degree of arrhythmia.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of the proposed tonometer.

In the drawing, the numbers indicate the following elements and nodes:

1 - compression cuff,

2 - pneumotubes,

3 - electric air compressor,

4 - liquid crystal display,

5 - electromagnetic valve

6 - pressure sensor,

7 - throttle,

8 - electronic processor,

9 - control panel,

10 - power supply unit,

11 - voice guidance unit,

12 - electronic analyzer of the current values of the intervals of repetition frequencies and amplitudes of the oscillation of the pulse,

13 - electronic unit for determining the degree of arrhythmia.

The electrical connection between the elements and nodes for controlling and recording the measurement results is shown in the drawing by solid lines.

Air supply tubes are shown in double lines.

The tonometer contains a compression cuff 1, pneumatic tubes 2, an electromagnetic valve 5, a throttle 7, an electric air compressor 3, a pressure sensor 6, an electronic processor 8, a liquid crystal display 4, a voice tracking unit 11, an electronic analyzer 12 of the current values of the intervals of repetition frequencies and oscillation amplitudes a pulse having an application program package and a control panel 9 connected to the power supply unit 10.

The compression cuff 1 is connected, using pneumotubes 2, to the solenoid valve 5, and through the throttle 7 with an air compressor 3 and a pressure sensor 6.

The electronic processor 8 is electrically connected to an electromagnetic valve 5, a pressure sensor 6, an air compressor 3, a liquid crystal display 4, a voice guidance unit 11, and a control panel 9.

The electronic analyzer 12 is electrically connected to an electronic processor 8, a liquid crystal display 4, and a voice guidance unit 11.

The difference of the proposed tonometer is that it additionally contains an electronic unit 13 for determining the degree of arrhythmia St according to the formula:

Where

n _max - the number of intervals with the maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse,

n _min is the number of intervals with a minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse,

t _max is the unit duration of the period of maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec,

t _s is the average duration of the absence of a pulse of a heartbeat, sec,

t _min - the unit duration of the period of minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec,

n _p is the average integral heart rate (heart rate) recorded by the analyzer,

m _max is the number of maximum amplitudes,

A _max - the value of the maximum amplitude,

A _s is the average value of the amplitude,

A _min - the value of the minimum amplitude,

m _p is the number of average amplitudes.

The purpose of the elements and nodes of the proposed tonometer is as follows.

The compression cuff 1 serves to create a clamp in the area of the brachial artery due to the air pressure supplied through the pneumatic tubes 2 from the air compressor 3. The compression cuff 1 is structurally an elastic flat hollow harness into which air is supplied from the compressor 3. The compression cuff 1 is fixed for measurements pressure and pulse rate on the patient’s hand using removable clips.

The liquid crystal display 4 is used to record the measurement results.

The electromagnetic valve 5 is used to remove residual air from the compression sleeve 1 by an electrical signal supplied from the electronic processor 8.

The pressure sensor 6 is used to record the values of air pressure at which fluctuations (oscillations) of air pressure in the compression cuff 1 appear, caused by a change in body volume under the cuff 1 during pulsation of the artery. The pressure sensor 6 is connected by electrical communication with the electronic processor 8.

The throttle 7 is used to slowly bleed air from the compression cuff 1 to achieve a pressure equal to systolic or diastolic, at which oscillations begin to appear.

An electronic processor 8 is used to record systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse values, and for programmatically controlling the activation of the air compressor 3, to generate time intervals during which measurements are taken.

The control panel 9 is used to start the tonometer in operation, to select the type of software from the application package during the operation of the device.

The power supply unit 10 serves to supply electrical voltage to the control panel 9, as well as to select external or autonomous power supply.

The voice guidance unit 11 serves to duplicate the indications on the liquid crystal display 4 by the speech method for blind patients.

An electronic analyzer of 12 intervals of repetition rates and pulse oscillation amplitudes with a software package serves to extract the current values of the intervals of repetition frequencies and pulse oscillation amplitudes.

The electronic unit 13 is used to determine the numerical indicator of the degree of arrhythmia.

The proposed tonometer works as follows.

The air pumped by the compressor 3 into the pneumatic tube system 2 enters the pressure sensor 6, the solenoid valve 5, throttle 7. The amount and pressure of the supplied air are regulated by the built-in electronic processor 8. The measurement is based on the analysis method of the air pressure oscillations in the compression cuff 1, covering shoulder of the patient. In this case, the registration of fluctuations (oscillations) of air pressure in the cuff 1, caused by a change in body volume under the cuff during pulsation of the artery. The measurement principle is based on electronic processing using processor 8 of the sound wave vibration created in the compression cuff 1 by heart contractions. At the same time, pulsations of air pressure occurring in the compression cuff 1 when blood passes through the section of the artery squeezed by the cuff are recorded by the electronic processor 8.

During the measurement with the help of compressor 3, air pressure is created in the compression cuff 1, obviously exceeding the systolic blood pressure. Then the pressure in the cuff 1 gradually decreases. Through automatic analysis by the processor of 8 oscillation parameters, moments of equal pressure in the cuff 1 of systolic and diastolic pressures are highlighted.

The oscillation repetition rate, which is equal to the pulse rate, is also measured. The electronic analyzer 12, using the built-in application software package, extracts the current values of the time intervals by the frequencies of the oscillations and the amplitude of the oscillations at these heart beat frequencies.

The electronic unit 13 processes the parameters by the absence of primary signals, recording by time in seconds a unit duration t _{max of} intervals of the maximum absence of a heartbeat.

A unit duration t _{min of} intervals of minimal absence of heartbeat is also recorded in seconds.

Based on the primary signals, the electronic unit 13 determines the degree of arrhythmia over a fixed period of time, determined by the above formula.

Thus, the use of the inventive utility model will detect the degree of arrhythmia in an automatic mode.

Claims (3)

A tonometer containing a compression cuff, pneumatic tubes, an electromagnetic valve, a throttle valve, an electric air compressor, a pressure sensor, an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice tracking unit, an electronic analyzer of the intervals of pulse frequencies and pulse oscillation amplitudes, which has a software package, and a control panel, connected to the power supply, while the compression cuff is connected, using pneumatic tubes, to the solenoid valve, and through the throttle to the air an compressor and a pressure sensor, the electronic processor is electrically connected to an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor, an air compressor, a liquid crystal display, a voice guidance unit and a control panel, an electronic analyzer is electrically connected to an electronic processor, a liquid crystal display, a voice support unit and is configured to detect the maximum and minimum values of the time intervals in accordance with the pulse oscillation frequencies and the amplitude of the oscillations at these pulse frequencies with the output of the indicated values on the liquid crystal display and the voice guidance unit, characterized in that it additionally contains an electronic unit for determining the degree of arrhythmia St according to the formula St = (n _max (t _max -t _s ) + n _min (t _s -t _min )) / n _p t _s (m _max (A _max -A _s ) + m _min (A _s -A _min )) / m _p A _s where n _max is the number of intervals with the maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse, n _min is the number of intervals with a minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse, t _max is the unit duration of the maximum absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, t _s is the average duration of the absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, t _min is the unit duration of the period of minimal absence of a heartbeat pulse, sec, n _p is the average integral heart rate of a heartbeat (heart rate of heartbeats) recorded by the analyzer, m _max is the number of maximum amplitudes, A _max is the value of maximum amplitude, A _s is the average value of amplitude A _min is the value of minimum amplitude, m _p is the number of average amplitudes.

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