RU168834U1 - Universal bottom station - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of geophysics and can be used in marine geophysical studies. The bottom station is declared, containing a sealed container with seismic sensors installed in it, receiving and recording equipment for signals from these sensors, a recording power supply unit, a highly stable crystal oscillator, under the control of which the station operates, characterized in that the sealed container consists of two parts - casing and power platform, which are hermetically interconnected due to the fact that in the normal state of the bottom station, air is pumped out of the container. EFFECT: increased efficiency of use of bottom seismic stations. 1 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

A useful model of a universal bottom station is used in seismic exploration for receiving seismic vibrations, converting them into an electrical signal and can work both on land and in shallow water.

The universal bottom station is designed to record seismic vibrations both at the bottom of water areas up to 50 m and on land along the three components X, Y, Z from geophones that form the right orthogonal triple.

The ground station as a land station is intended for installation on land with the aim of registering seismic vibrations on a flash card, for seismic studies, and the bottom station can operate in shallow water.

The bottom station records seismic vibrations on the profile at the bottom of the water area and on land for the three components X, Y, Z from geophones.

During operation, the bottom stations can be located both in the field, during work on the profile, and on any means of delivery to the place of work. On delivery vehicles, the bottom stations must be securely fixed. Direct operation of the bottom stations should be carried out at temperatures from minus 30 to plus 50 ° C.

The invention is known "Ground-bottom seismic station", patent RU 2381526, publ. 02/10/2010, IPC G01V 1/00, G01V 1/38. The station is installed on land and in water, it contains a sealed enclosure with a platform on which a cylindrical glass with recording equipment placed in it is installed, the invention allows to expand the field of use, however, a complex and cumbersome system of devices is required that ensures the vertical position of the axis of the sealed spherical body. The station does not allow work in any spatial orientation without static deviations.

The invention is known "Method and installation for ground-based registration of seismic data", patent RU 2352960, publ. 04/20/2009, IPC G01V 1/16, using a device containing a non-spherical fully enclosed body, a seismic data recorder containing long-term memory located inside the body with the ability to store seismic reflected waves during seismic research over a long period of time. This device does not require external cabling for communication and power supply from the control station or cabling between the components of the unit in the seismic data acquisition unit itself. However, it does not ensure the universality of its use, so it cannot be installed both on the bottom and on the ground during work on a single land-sea profile without any design changes, it does not provide the ability to install from any means of delivery to the place of work .

Known invention "Offshore autonomous bottom station for seismic exploration and seismological monitoring", patent RU 2294000, publ. 02.20.2007, IPC G01V 1/38, including a sealed enclosure with geophysical equipment located inside the enclosure, a registration unit, a conversion and storage unit for registered signals. However, the required interface modules with the on-board module during ascent, ballast anchor and other devices. It does not work on land, and can also be installed only with floating equipment. It does not provide work in any spatial orientation, without any static deviations, cannot be used during work on a single land-sea profile without any design changes.

The closest technical solution to the proposed universal bottom station is the utility model "Bottom seismic station" SDS ", patent RU 83345, publ. 05/27/2009, IPC G01V 3/02, containing a pressurized housing in which a sensor, a power source, a recorder that contains orthogonal sensors are located, while recording and recording information is carried out on a flash card. The utility model allows you to create a device more reliable in operation and more sensitive. However, the high location of the displacement sensors relative to the bottom and the elastic fastening of the station to the load reduces the sensitivity of the station to displacement waves. In addition, the acoustic system of additional control of the station’s position and the geophone significantly complicate its design, make it difficult to work with it on land (large mass and dimensions, acoustic elements are sensitive to mechanical stress), the station’s design does not allow it to work in any weather conditions over a wide range temperatures.

Currently, it is practiced to install measuring modules from automatic stations, which can be placed both on the ship and on other delivery vehicles, such as land all-terrain vehicles. In addition, the need to drop in the simplest and most reliable way from different media is also necessary in order to install measuring equipment in these stations both on the bottom and on the ground. Moreover, it is required during the work to ensure the installation of such stations on a single land-sea profile without any design changes. The installation of stations on a single profile allows (after processing and interpretation) to obtain data on hydrocarbon deposits and on the deep structure of the earth's crust, which are obtained in one experiment, which significantly increases the reliability of such measurements. For simpler and less costly data acquisition, an autonomous and universal measuring module is required, which can be automatically reset from the station from any media. In addition, it is necessary, if possible, in the simplest way to store this data for a long time in the station itself and by simply connecting the station connector to the computer, remove all the data accumulated over the time period during which measurements were taken.

The proposed utility model allows to achieve the following technical result:

- to provide work in any spatial orientation, without any static deviations;

- implementation of work in all weather conditions and in a wide range of atmospheric effects;

- registration of seismic signals both on land and in water at a depth of up to 50 m;

- and also achieve the universality of the use of the measuring module, because:

it allows you to install it both on the bottom and on the ground, while working on a single land-sea profile without any design changes;

- it allows you to install it from any means of delivery to the place of work.

This technical result is achieved as follows.

The universal bottom station contains a sealed container with receiving and recording equipment installed in it. A distinctive feature in comparison with the prototype is that the container consists of two parts - the casing and the power platform, which are hermetically connected to each other due to the fact that in the normal state of the bottom station the air is pumped out of the container to at least 0.1 ( atm) from atmospheric pressure. One part of the container is made in the form of a casing mounted on a power platform, equipped with a removable pin-deepener, an electrical connector and a plug. On the power platform inside the casing are installed: a block of geophones and a recording device that includes two electronic boards. On one, in particular, there are four receiving channels, made on the basis of microcircuits and forming a registration unit, as well as a quartz oscillator in the form of a highly stable thermostatically controlled oscillator that provides storage by a time station, as well as a PIC controller and a flash card reader, power converters, converting battery voltage to the voltage of the registration unit. The second electronic board houses a power management device and battery containers. In this case, the container casing is made, for example, of a cylindrical shape. The casing assembly with the power platform is designed to work at a depth of up to 50 m. The electrical connector is equipped with a sealed cover that allows you to work at a depth of up to 50 m. The lower part of the power platform is connected to the pin-deepener by means of a fastener with a detachable connection, for example, bolts. The pin-deepener is located in the center of the power platform and is made conical in shape. In addition, the pin-deepener from the end facing the power platform is equipped with a cavity in which a sealed connector is located for communication with the station programmed to collect data and stop data collection, to obtain accurate time from the GPS antenna.

The power supply includes four lithium batteries, and the geophones block consists of three geophones forming the right orthogonal triple with a range of input signals from 10 to 250 Hz and a sensitivity of 27 V / m / s. Four identical input channels are located on one electronic board, made on the basis of, for example, AD1555 \ AD1556 microcircuits from ANALOG DEVICES. The second electronic board has four containers for lithium batteries. The casing and the platform are hermetically connected by the difference of the external pressure and the pressure in the internal volume of the container formed by the casing and the power platform. In this case, one of the electronic boards can be equipped with a synchronizer, operating from a GPS receiver of the exact time and providing an exact binding of the registration unit to the current time. The module comes from a single master crystal oscillator, which uses a highly stable thermostatic generator type M32008-8,192M "Dahlia" with frequency instability + \ - 5 * 10-9, manufacturer FSUE ONIIP.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings. However, the presented drawings do not cover all possible modifications of this module. In FIG. 1 shows a section of the bottom station, on the power platform shows a cutout of the stub mount.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a cross section of a power platform with two electronic boards mounted on it. Shown is a cutout of an electrical connector with a sealed cover installed on it.

The bottom station consists of a casing (1) and a power platform (2), which form an airtight container. Tightness is ensured due to the fact that after collecting the station in a normal state, unscrewing the plug (3), pump out the air until a vacuum inside the container reaches 0.1 atm. The vacuum port plug (4) is necessary to create a reduced atmospheric pressure inside the cylindrical sealed container of the bottom station. In working condition, as well as during prolonged storage of the bottom station, the cavity inside the container should be under reduced atmospheric pressure of about 0.1 atm. This ensures the absence of moisture inside the container, the formation of which is unacceptable. The air is pumped out through a vacuum port (4), which is a small diameter hole closed by a sealed plug (3). When the plug (3) of the vacuum port (4) is removed, air is pumped out from the internal cavity using a vacuum pump. On the power platform (2) there is also an electrical connector (5). Connector (5) is designed to connect to the bottom station of the computer using a start and control cable, without opening the container. When external devices are disconnected, the connector is closed with a sealed cover that allows this unit to work up to a depth of 50 m. On top of the connector (5), on the underside of the power platform (2), a removable pin-deepener (6) is mounted on the bolts, which has a conical shape that provides fixing the bottom station in the ground on land or at the bottom.

Inside the casing (1) on the mounts are two electronic boards (7, 8), a block of geophones (9). The block of geophones (9) is a right orthogonal triple of geophones having a range of input signals from 10 to 250 Hz and a sensitivity of 27 V / m / s. The X axis of the orthogonal triple is marked with a risk on the platform, which allows you to orient the station when working on the profile.

Two electronic boards (7, 8) form a recording device. On the first electronic board (7) there are four receiving channels, made on the basis of microcircuits and which are part of the recording device, as well as a quartz generator in the form of a highly stable thermostated generator that provides storage by a time module, a PIC controller, a flash card reader (10), power converters that convert the voltage of the batteries (11) into the supply voltage of the recording device. All these devices are microcircuits, they are not shown in the drawing, are located on the Registrar board, see Maintenance Appendix 2. Electrical connection diagram. I would not want to post more detailed electronic circuits of the device for free access.

The recording device is a card (7), on which there are four identical channels, made on the basis of AD1555 \ 1556 microcircuits from ANALOG DEVICES. Chips provide amplification and conversion of seismic data from geophones to digital form. The PIC controller provides registration control and data recording on a flash card (10). One of the electronic boards (7, 8) is equipped with a synchronizer operating from a GPS receiver of the exact time (connected via an electrical connector on the case when preparing the station for work and when data collection is stopped) and ensuring accurate registration of the recording unit in time.

On the second board (8) are a power management device and battery containers. As batteries (11), for example, lithium batteries are used. The power supply includes 4 lithium batteries.

The control device is designed to organize power management of the bottom station. To store seismic information in the bottom station, flash cards are used (10).

Storage of the bottom station time comes from a single master crystal oscillator, which uses a highly stable thermostated generator.

The bottom station operates as follows.

Seismic exploration is a geophysical method for studying geological objects using elastic waves - seismic waves. This method is based on the fact that the propagation velocity and other characteristics of seismic waves depend on the properties of the geological environment in which they propagate: on the composition of the rocks, their porosity, fracture, fluid saturation, stress state and temperature conditions.

In this case, three types of seismic waves are excited: longitudinal (P), transverse (S) and surface (Love and Rayleigh waves).

To obtain seismic data on a single profile, bottom stations are installed at a certain distance along the entire profile. In this case, the profile can pass both by land and along the seabed. Therefore, it is important that during the development of the profile, bottom stations of the same sample be placed to obtain the most reliable information.

After a certain period of time, stations are collected to remove information from them. All this time, the collected seismic information is stored in the station itself. Elastic vibrations are recorded in the form of a trace on electronic media, for example, flash cards of the Compact Flash card (CF) type with a capacity of 4 GB.

MGK 203.02.04.00.000 synchronizer, on-board seismic device (BSU), designed to initialize the bottom station before setting up the profile and reading seismic information after completion of work on the profile, are manufactured in conjunction with bottom stations (for working with them).

They control the operation of devices without opening the container (1) only when connected to a computer using special programs. Connection via cable through the connector (5) on the platform (2). In this case, the bottom station can operate in the switching system of bottom stations, for example, type MGK 204.00.00.00.000.

To fulfill these requirements, all boards and blocks in the case and on the power platform are mounted in the proposed bottom station before installation.

The following geophones can be used as geophones:

for coordinate X - Geophon horizontal GS-20DX;

for Y coordinate - Geophon horizontal GS-20DX;

for coordinate Z - Geophone vertical GS-30CT.

The crystal oscillator M32008-TS-8.192M, Dahlia, FSUE ONIIP can be used as the master quartz oscillator.

In this case, the bottom station provides the operating ranges of the recorded frequencies from 0.05 to 1600 Hz and the operating temperature range of the recording device (7) from -30 to + 50 ° C. This ensures an effective noise level depending on the range and gain, μV from 0.08 to 20.

Further, in working condition, as well as during prolonged storage of the bottom station, the cavity inside the container should be under reduced atmospheric pressure of about 0.1 atm. This ensures that moisture is not formed inside the container. When the plug (3) of the vacuum port is removed, air is pumped out from the internal cavity using a vacuum pump. Then, after 5-7 minutes (the time required to verify the tightness of the pressure gauge), the hole is sealed with a plug (3). Then the pin-deepener (6) is attached. The seismic module is initiated (programmed to collect data, synchronized with GPS time) and placed at a given point. After it is lifted, information is downloaded through the connector (5), checked against the GPS time (to account for the “departure” of the module’s internal clock) without depressurizing the container. Then, if necessary, the module is installed in another place.

Thus, the universality of the work of such a station is achieved and the station can be operated on a single profile without structural modifications. The bottom station operates in all weather conditions and in a wide range of atmospheric influences due to the durable airtight container (casing) and the use of a thermostatically controlled quartz generator.

Claims (2)

1. The bottom station, containing a sealed container with seismic sensors installed in it, receiving and recording equipment for signals from these sensors, a power supply unit for recording equipment, a highly stable crystal oscillator, under the control of which the station operates, characterized in that the sealed container consists of two parts - the casing and the power platform, which are hermetically interconnected due to the fact that in the normal state of the bottom station, air is pumped out of the container, which allows to accelerate s container assembly operation to the statement on the profile, and automatically monitor the tightness of the assembled container. 2. The bottom station according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed housing structure with a massive platform and a deepener provides reliable contact of seismic sensors installed on the platform with soil both at the bottom of the water area and on land, which allows seismic surveying on profiles "Land-sea" with the same equipment.

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