RU158033U1 - POSTER CUMULATIVE CHEMICAL INSTALLATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A bench-top cumulative-chemical installation for modeling the opening and treatment of oil reservoirs, containing a reinforcing shell, a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock firmly bonded to it with an axial channel, a throwing sleeve coaxial with the axial channel, located in the upper end of the shell, in the cavity of which there is a fluoroplastic capsule with highly active chemical reagent (VHR) and a fluoroplastic cover, pressed together by flanges with a nut and a thick-walled ferrule with a through cavity of variable cross section, inside With which, based on the fluoroplastic cover, a punch is installed containing a cylindrical disc on the lower end and on the upper end side, wherein the diameter of the end cylindrical disk corresponds to the diameter of the inner surface of the capsule and the compression nut, the diameter of the upper cylindrical disk exceeds the diameter of the end cylindrical disk and corresponds to the diameter of the lower part of the cavity in the holder, at the upper end of the punch there is a detonator capsule with a cumulative recess, while the diameter of the upper part of the through polo whith the cage corresponds to the diameter of the end portion of the capsule-piercer and detonatora.2. Bench cumulative chemical installation according to claim 1, in which the throwing sleeve directly rests on the end surface of a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock. Bench cumulative chemical installation according to claim 1, in which the throwing sleeve is connected to an intermediate cover, worn on the upper end of the reinforcing shell.

Description

The utility model relates to the oil and gas industry, namely, to cumulative chemical bench installations that provide modeling of the processes of opening an oil reservoir by exposure to a highly active chemical reagent (VHR): local fracture of the reservoir (creation of a network of cracks); wedging of the formation and cleaning the perforation channel from clogging deposits that impede the flow of oil into the well.

The device can be used most effectively in the development of a new type of perforating explosive equipment, namely, cumulative-chemical perforators, which can (due to the creation of high temperature and pressure in the perforation channel) ensure that all stages of opening and processing oil reservoirs are completed at a pace shooting off a cumulative charge.

Known bench cumulative-chemical installation, including a standard cement-sand target, a cumulative charge located on the upper end of the steel cage and a capsule with VHR placed in the cage coaxially with the cumulative charge (Fig. 1 from the description of patent RU 2270336, V.D. Zhigarev, VF Sukhoverkhov. The method of processing the reservoir, publ. 02.20.2006, Bull. No. 5). The disadvantage of this setup is that the VHR is largely scattered along the surface of the target, and is not introduced into the channel.

There is also a known scheme of a bench-mounted cumulative-chemical installation, including a high-pressure vessel, an oil-saturated cement-sand target, and a cumulative charge and a capsule with VCR placed on it (in one case) (Source: the same, patent RU 2270336, Fig. 2) In this In this case, the target is a solid shell 10 mm thick of glued layers of cartridge paper and a cylindrical (without an axial channel) sample of oil-saturated rock firmly connected to it. During the tests, an increase in the target opening surface due to the formation of cracks was provided. The disadvantage of the installation is that the result does not reflect the actual nature of the effect of water chemistry on the formation, since the action of comprehensive compression of the target with a hydrodynamic pressure of 20 MPa significantly strengthens it and prevents the formation and wedging of cracks, while the concrete itself has low tensile strength.

The closest analogue was not found.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to confirm, under bench conditions, the feasibility of the problematic (for decades) implementation of all stages of the opening and processing of oil reservoirs, which include: local fracturing (creating a network of initial fractures); high pressure crack wedging; cleaning of perforation channels from clogging deposits at the rate of shooting off the cumulative charge and perforation of the well

The technical result from the use of the utility model is to create a new type of bench installation, which ensures the introduction of a fixed mass of VHR into a cylindrical sample of a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock, which acts on the formation without the additional influence of the cumulative stream and the products of the explosion of the cumulative charge (preliminary formation of the axial channel can be considered as modeling the operation of perforating a hole in a well with a cumulative charge).

This is achieved due to the fact that the bench cumulative chemical installation includes a reinforcing shell, a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock firmly bonded to it with an axial channel, a throwing sleeve coaxial with the axial channel placed on the upper end of the shell, in the cavity of which there is a fluoroplastic capsule with a highly active chemical reagent (VHR) and a fluoroplastic cover, pressed together by flanges with a nut and a thick-walled ferrule with a through cavity of variable cross-section, inside of which it is enclosed, with a support and a fluoroplastic cover, a punch, containing cylindrical disks on the lower end and on the upper end side, while the diameter of the end disk corresponds to the diameter of the inner surface of the capsule and compression nut, the diameter of the upper disk exceeds the diameter of the end disk and corresponds to the diameter of the lower part of the cavity in the cage, the detonator capsule with a cumulative recess is placed at the upper end of the punch, while the diameter of the upper part of the through cavity in the holder corresponds to the diameter of the end portion of the punch and the detonation capsule ora.

In the event that the water chemistry is used to simulate the process of local fracturing, in the bench cumulative chemical installation, the throwing sleeve directly rests on the end surface of the cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock.

In the event that the VCR is used to simulate the process of cleaning the perforation channel from deposits, in the bench cumulative-chemical installation, the throwing sleeve is connected to an intermediate cover worn on the upper end of the reinforcing shell.

The analysis of published sources of information showed that the given set of features of the utility model formula from the prior art has not been identified.

The essence of the utility model and its advantages are illustrated by a detailed description of examples of its implementation and the accompanying graphic materials, on which:

FIG. 1 is a view of a bench-shaped cumulative-chemical plant, the throwing sleeve of which rests on the upper end of a sample of oil-saturated rock, according to a utility model, where the following notation is adopted:

1 - shell; 2 - cement-sand oil-saturated sample of the reservoir; 3 - throwing sleeve; 4 - fluoroplastic capsule; 5 - VHR (BrF ₃ ); 6 - capsule lid; 7 - pinch nut; 8 - punch; 9 - clip; 10 - detonator capsule; 11 - upper disk; 12 - end disk; A is the lower plane of the upper disk 11; B - supporting plane of the clamping nut 5.

FIG. 2 is a view of a bench-shaped cumulative-chemical installation, the throwing sleeve of which is connected to an intermediate cover, worn on the upper end of the reinforcing shell, according to the utility model; the designations are the same as in FIG. one; added: 13 - intermediate cover 14 - crash device; 15 - pallet.

The results of thermodynamic calculations in FIG. 3 indicate:

FIG. 3 - Calculated pressure curves in the formation of oil-saturated cement-sand (1-3) and dolomite-limestone (4) rocks, depending on the mass fraction of water chemistry, interacting with the rock, in the absence of free space in the rock: 1- CrF ₃ + SbF ₅ ; 2 - CIF ₃ + KF; 3,4 - BrF ₃ + NaF;

FIG. 4 - Estimated temperatures of the formation heating of oil-saturated cement-sand (1-3) and dolomite-limestone (4) rocks depending on the mass fraction of water chemistry, interacting with the rock, in the absence of free space in the rock: 1- ClF ₃ + SbF ₅ ; 2 - CIF ₃ + KF; 3,4 - BrF ₃ + NaF.

It should be noted that the term “oil-saturated” for rock samples 2 has a conditional character, since “saturation” was carried out not with oil, but with diesel fuel. The pore space was filled by immersing perforated targets in a heated (up to 100 ° C) state in a container with diesel fuel for 10 days, followed by exposure in the open air for 20 days. For bench testing, a cement-sand sample 2 was used. The cement-sand sample 2 was fastened to the inner surface of the shell 1 and the channel was formed by pouring the concrete mass into the shell 1 and its subsequent solidification.

The claimed benchmark cumulative chemical installation (Fig. 1) includes: a reinforcing shell 1, a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock 2 firmly bonded to it with an axial channel and a throwing sleeve 3 assembled at the upper end of the shell along its axis with components (attached) nodes. The execution of the cage 9 with a thick wall (selected experimentally) should prevent the destruction of the cage when shooting the capsule of the detonator 10. Due to the fact that the axial channel in the sample 2 assembly with the shell 1 performs the function of a hole in the well, perforated by a cumulative jet, the assembly can be called “Perforated target”, and the throwing sleeve 3 complete with accessories (attached) nodes can be called a “throwing device”.

As components (attached) nodes in the throwing sleeve 3 contains a fluoroplastic capsule 4 with a highly active chemical reagent (VHR) 5 and a fluoroplastic cap 6, pressed together by flanges with a nut 7 and a thick-walled ferrule 9 with a through cavity of variable cross section. Inside the through cavity of the cage 9, a punch 8 is inserted, resting on a fluoroplastic cover 6, containing cylindrical disks at the lower end and from the upper end side, while the diameter of the end disk 12 corresponds to the diameter of the inner surface of the capsule 4 and compression nut 7. The diameter of the upper disk 11 exceeds the diameter of the end disk 12 and corresponds to the diameter of the lower part of the cavity in the cage. At the upper end of the punch 8 there is a detonator capsule 10 with a cumulative recess (cumulative charge), while the diameter of the upper part of the through cavity in the holder 9 corresponds to the diameter of the end portion of the punch 8 and the detonator capsule 10. The throwing sleeve 3 is directly supported on the end surface of the cylindrical sample 2 oil-saturated rocks.

In FIG. 2, the throwing sleeve 3 with accessories (attached) nodes is connected to the intermediate cover 13, worn (without fastening) on the upper end of the reinforcing shell 1, and the lower end of the shell 1 is placed on a pallet 15 containing a pressure sensor (cracker) 14. As perforated targets used oil-saturated cement-sand sample 2, placed in a cylindrical steel reinforcing shell 1 with a height of 400 mm and an inner diameter of 60 mm; the cylinder wall thickness is 6 mm, the diameter of the through channel is 20 mm. The mass of VHR (BrF ₃ ) was ~ 15 g; the weight of the sleeve 3 with components is ~ 4 kg.

The operation of the installation is as follows:

The assembly is carried out in accordance with FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 and install it on the supporting surface, while the detonator capsule 10 is inserted into the upper cavity of the holder 9 (before contacting the punch 8) immediately before the test. As the detonator capsule, an ED-8 detonator is used, having a cumulative recess at the end of the subversive charge.

To carry out the process of interaction of VHR 5 with sample 2, the detonator capsule 10 is blown up. As a result, the lining of the cumulative recess and products of the explosion of the explosive charge shoot the piercer 8, which, in turn, breaks through the lid 6 of the capsule 4 in diameter corresponding to the diameter of the inner surface of the capsule 4 and, in the form of a piston, breaks through the bottom of the capsule 4 and pushes BXP 5 into the channel of sample 2. In this case, the supporting plane of the upper protrusion A abuts against the surface B of the nut, which prevents the cumulative stream from entering the channel and uktov explosion of the propellant primer - detonator 10. When WCE 5 contacting with the channel walls in the pores of which contain diesel fuel, the combustion process is carried explosive, creating perforations in pressure of several thousands of atmospheres, and the temperature of 2500-3000 K (Figure 3.). The implementation of the cartridge 9 with thick walls prevents its destruction when the detonator capsule 10 is detonated.

Test results

Example 1

The test according to the circuit of FIG. 1. As a perforated target, a standard reinforcing shell 1 with a height of 700 mm, an inner diameter of 100 mm, a thickness of 10 mm from glued layers of cartridge paper, and a cylindrical cement-sand rock 2 firmly connected to it with an axial channel of 20 mm in diameter and 580 mm in depth was used . The mass of the perforated target was ~ 15 kg, the weight of the water chemistry (BrF ₃ ) ~ 15 g. An ED-8 detonator with a cumulative recess (cumulative charge) was used as a detonator capsule 10.

When firing the detonator capsule ED-8, pulsed introduction of VC was carried out in the axial channel of the perforated target. As a result of this, destruction of the perforated target (including along the entire length of the channel) into pieces with their expansion up to 5 m was ensured. The reinforcing shell was also torn to shreds. At the same time, it should be noted that the mass of the destroyed target was 1000 times higher than the mass of the acting on it VC, and the channel volume (free volume) was more than 30 times the volume of the deposited VC. This gives reason to consider the test results as modeling the process of local fracturing with subsequent wedging of cracks (expansion of pieces of the target) and allows us to conclude that when testing a KX perforator under natural conditions (in the well), the opening surface of the formation should (in comparison with [1]) increase substantially.

Example 2

The test according to the circuit of FIG. 2. As a perforated target, a steel reinforcing shell 1 with a height of 400 mm, an inner diameter of 60 mm, a thickness of 6 mm and a cylindrical cement-sand rock 2 firmly connected to it with an axial through channel of 20 mm in diameter was used. A cover 11, worn on the upper end face of the reinforcing shell 1 and a sleeve 3 mounted on it, with accessories, block the outlet of the axial channel, which simulates the blockage of the channel by rock deposits. The mass of VHR (BrF ₃ ) was ~ 15 g; sleeve weight 3 with accessories ~ 4 kg.

When the detonator capsule 11 was detonated and subsequently entered into the VHR channel 5, the top cover 3 was ejected with the sleeve 4 fixed on it and the components (total weight ~ 4 kg) to a height of ~ 2 m and the device was deformed (dents on parts 2-4 deep mm) upon impact on the ceiling of the armored car. At the same time, the pressure recorded by the cracker device (under conditions of ejection of the cover with a throwing device) was 51 MPa. Thus, the obtained results can be considered as modeling the process of cleaning the perforation channel from clogging deposits at the rate of shooting off the cumulative charge (detonator capsule), which was not achieved earlier using various methods of opening and processing oil reservoirs. Moreover, the design pressure in the perforation channel is several thousand atmospheres (Fig. 3).

After the test, the perforated target was cut in the longitudinal direction and the presence of cracks in the sample in the channel region was noted.

Example 3

A test was carried out similar to the test in Example 2, except that instead of a steel reinforcing shell 1, a shell of two half-cylinders with a thickness of 6 mm, tightened with a clamp in the middle of its length, was used.

When the detonator capsule 11 was detonated and then entered into the VHR channel 5, half-cylinders were opened (bending of half-cylinders with a thickness of 6 mm) with the formation of a gap between them (from the place of installation of the bandage to the ends) at a distance of 2-4 mm. In the plane of the semicylinder connector, a gap in the formation target (formation of through radial cracks) was noted. Given the disclosure of strong, thick-walled half-cylinders, it is possible to note the creation of a high pressure in the channel, and the process of their disclosure can be considered as modeling the process of wedging of cracks and a well.

According to the results of the tests carried out, it can be noted that in all the experiments, the chemistry was reacted not only with the surface of the channels of the targets, but also along the surfaces of the cracks formed (darkening of the surfaces). This indicates that the reaction proceeded at the rate of destruction of concrete targets, that is, the reaction rate is commensurate with the rate of introduction of VCR by the ED-8 detonator having a cumulative recess (cumulative charge), and also with the rate of destruction of concrete having low tensile strength .

Thus, a utility model that performed modeling of the processes of opening and processing oil reservoirs ensured the achievement of a technical result: solving the problematic issue of carrying out all stages of work (local fracturing of the reservoir; high pressure wedging of cracks; cleaning perforation channels of plugging deposits) at a rate of shooting off the cumulative charge and perforation of the well, which can be used to develop a new type of perforating explosive equipment, namely, cumulative chemical perf a speaker.

Claims (3)

1. A bench-top cumulative-chemical installation for modeling the opening and treatment of oil reservoirs, containing a reinforcing shell, a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock firmly bonded to it with an axial channel, a throwing sleeve coaxial with the axial channel, located in the upper end of the shell, in the cavity of which there is a fluoroplastic capsule with highly active chemical reagent (VHR) and a fluoroplastic cover, pressed together by flanges with a nut and a thick-walled ferrule with a through cavity of variable cross section, inside With which, based on the fluoroplastic cover, a punch is installed containing a cylindrical disc on the lower end and on the upper end side, wherein the diameter of the end cylindrical disk corresponds to the diameter of the inner surface of the capsule and the compression nut, the diameter of the upper cylindrical disk exceeds the diameter of the end cylindrical disk and corresponds to the diameter of the lower part of the cavity in the holder, at the upper end of the punch there is a detonator capsule with a cumulative recess, while the diameter of the upper part of the through polo whith the cage corresponds to the diameter of the end portion of the punch and the blasting cap. 2. Poster cumulative chemical installation according to claim 1, in which the throwing sleeve is directly supported by the end surface of a cylindrical sample of oil-saturated rock. 3. Poster cumulative chemical installation according to claim 1, in which the throwing sleeve is connected to an intermediate cover, worn on the upper end of the reinforcing shell.

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