RU139934U1 - MULTIFUNCTIONAL MOBILE MODULAR COMPLEX FOR ANALYSIS OF PATHOGENIC BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A multifunctional mobile modular complex for the analysis of pathogenic biological materials, comprising a body-container mounted on a car chassis, equipped with life support equipment and related equipment, a hermetically sealed interior, separated by sealed partitions equipped with hermetically sealed doors, into functional compartments equipped with instruments and diagnostic equipment, including a working compartment for receiving, preparing and researching biological material, equipped biological safety box, fume hoods and necessary equipment, and a service compartment equipped with a control unit for functional compartment systems, necessary equipment communicating through a pressurized lock with a working compartment, a sanitary inspection room separating the working and service compartments of the cabin and including a compartment for removing the top and dressing the worker clothes, a shower and a compartment for dressing and removing protective clothing, a ventilation system with fine filters, made with the possibility of pressure difference between the compartments, while fume hoods and the biological safety cabinet are connected through air ducts and fine filters to a separate ventilation unit, power supply, water supply, sewage, alarm, heating, air conditioning and communication systems, characterized in that the functional compartments of the multifunctional mobile of the modular complex are made with BSL-4 biological safety level, BSL-3 biological safety boxes are placed in the working compartment, and the compartment for od

Description

The utility model relates to mobile complexes for the analysis of pathogenic biological materials (agents), can be used for sampling and laboratory tests for the presence of dangerous and especially dangerous microorganisms that cause infectious diseases, and is intended for relevant services operating in emergency situations of a biological nature.

A similar analogue of the claimed technical solution is known, for example, a mobile chemical-analytical laboratory mounted in a car van, equipped with a heating, air conditioning system, a water treatment system for laboratory needs, an exhaust box with a fan for working with aggressive reagents and media, with control- placed on laboratory tables measuring equipment for measuring various parameters associated with the base computer and having a printer (patent RU No. 2252596, IPC B60P 3/14, publ. 05/10/2005). However, the described laboratory does not provide the level of safety necessary for working with microorganisms of the I-II pathogenicity groups (highest in danger according to the classification of the Russian Federation).

The laboratory of sanitary-hygienic research is also known, described in the patent for utility model RU No. 65434, IPC B60P 3/00, publ. August 10, 2007. The laboratory is mounted in a box body on the basis of a trailer for a KAMAZ vehicle and contains a hermetically sealed cabin with a biological safety level BSL-2, with a forced-air and exhaust ventilation system and life-support equipment. The laboratory interior is divided by airtight partitions into a functional compartment designed for sanitary and hygienic research, and a sanitary inspection room. The biological material is received and transferred to the research compartment through the hatch window mounted in the emergency exit door. The interior of the laboratory is equipped with the necessary equipment for sanitary research. The laboratory is equipped with an audible alarm, means of a visual control system for the operation of the filtering installation, and means of notification of the operating mode. The disadvantage of this analogue is that it does not provide the requirements of regulatory documents on the safety of work with microorganisms of I - II pathogenicity groups.

Also known is the diagnostic module of the mobile medical diagnostic complex (see "Military Medical Journal" - 1999, No. 4, p. 14 - 21) mounted on the chassis of an all-terrain vehicle MA3-4210 with diagnostic and auxiliary equipment located in it as well as electrical equipment, air conditioning and an on-board computer. In the rear of the body are equipped with built-in cabinets for storing and transporting diagnostic tools, consumables and clothes, and in the front of the body at the level of the side doors there is a vestibule for switching to other modules. The module is designed for laboratory research, as well as storage and transportation of the necessary diagnostic equipment. The main disadvantage of this module is the impossibility of express indication of pathogens of especially dangerous and unknown infectious diseases, taking into account the biological safety requirements for this type of work.

Known multi-purpose mobile laboratory, which is a container-type laboratory chamber and consists of a housing having a sealed compartment, an inlet compartment, an air removal compartment having a sterilizing filter that meets biosafety rules, a waste treatment compartment having an automatic autoclaving sterilizing device. The tightness of the laboratory compartment and the level of wastewater treatment can be selected using a specialized control system. The laboratory is constructed from panels that contain hollow parts. The laboratory provides a suspension type vibration isolation device. The laboratory can be used in the manufacture of semiconductors, electronic equipment, in biotechnology, as well as for microbiological research, as a clean or biologically clean room (US patent No. 4850268, publ. 07.25.1989). However, the described laboratory does not provide the level of safety required for work with microorganisms of I-II pathogenicity groups.

The known biological safety module described in patent RU No. 2439265, IPC E04H 3/08, publ. 01/10/2012, containing a sealed box and airlock communicating by means of a sealed door and equipped with life support equipment, functionally and structurally interconnected, a glove box with a ventilation system with fine filters of air purification and a transmission window made in the form of a closed sealed chamber with hermetic the doors. In this case, the glove box corresponds to the BSL-III category, the walls and ceiling are made in the form of double-layer panels with heat insulation, each layer of the panels provides tightness of the module volume, the joints between the walls, ceiling and floor are tight, the box is equipped with an additional transfer window with a separate exhaust ventilation system, locking mechanisms of doors and doors are made with the possibility of locking in the "closed" state when opening any of them. In the ventilation system, control and shut-off sealed valves are installed, the exhaust and air supply devices in the box are located in diagonally opposite angles, and the pressures created by ventilation in the module rooms, the glove box and the transfer windows change stepwise and their value is less than the ambient pressure. This biosafety module has a high degree of protection for personnel and the environment and meets the requirements of regulatory documents on the safety of work with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups I-II (Sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 1.3.1285-03 “Safety of work with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups I-II (danger) ) ”, March 12, 2003), however, its drawback is that it is a stationary structure and cannot be used as a mobile one.

Known mobile laboratory complex "Diagnosis of highly pathogenic influenza virus by PCR" VMK-30331-05 on the basis of the bus PA3-4234, designed to detect in the early stages of people affected by highly pathogenic viral infections by conducting laboratory rapid tests using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR ) The mobile complex is equipped with a lounge with armchairs, wardrobes, folding tables and swing doors with additional sealing. Inside the cabin is placed the necessary diagnostic equipment and drugs. The complex is equipped with a sanitary-hygienic compartment, a dry closet, a hand dryer, as well as two power supply systems, including a built-in electric generator, heating system, supply and exhaust ventilation, and an air conditioning system. Information on this mobile complex has been posted on the Internet for general information on the website http://www.amkmed.ru/laboratory (the date of calculation is not indicated). The mobile laboratory complex “IFA - laboratory for Rostekhnadzor service” VMK-30331-05-1 on the basis of the PA3-4234 bus, designed for laboratory diagnostics of infectious and invasive human diseases outside stationary laboratory facilities by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, is presented on the same site) ) The layout of the laboratory includes a sample preparation compartment and a laboratory compartment in which laboratory tests are carried out, while these compartments are isolated from each other by a partition. This laboratory contains support systems similar to the systems of the mobile complex VMK-30331-05. The disadvantage of these known mobile complexes is that they do not meet the regulatory requirements for work with microorganisms of I-II pathogenicity groups.

As the prototype, as the closest in its technical essence, the "Laboratory of especially dangerous infections" is selected, described in patent RU No. 65437, IPC B60P 3/00, publ. August 10, 2007. The laboratory is mounted in a box body on the basis of a trailer for a KAMAZ vehicle and contains a hermetically sealed cabin with a biological safety level BSL-3, with a forced-air and exhaust ventilation system and life-support equipment. The laboratory interior is divided by airtight partitions into functional compartments designed for bacteriological research, and a sanitary inspection room. To receive biological material and transfer it to another compartment in the walls, transfer lock chambers are provided. The interior is equipped with all necessary equipment for bacteriological research. The laboratory is equipped with an audible alarm, means of an electric visual control system for the operation of the filtering installation, and means of notification of the operating mode. The disadvantage of the prototype is the insufficiently high degree of personnel protection, since the laboratory interior is made with the level of biological safety BSL-3.

The task solved by the utility model is to increase the degree of personnel security during work.

The technical result consists in increasing the security of personnel by performing functional compartments of the complex with a level of biological safety BSL-4 and the use of disposable protective clothing.

This is achieved by the fact that in the well-known multifunctional mobile complex for the analysis of pathogenic biological materials, containing a body-container mounted on the chassis of the car, equipped with life support equipment and related equipment, a hermetically sealed interior, separated by sealed partitions, equipped with hermetically sealed doors, into functional compartments, equipped with instruments and diagnostic equipment, including a working compartment for receiving, preparing and studying biological of material, equipped with a biological safety cabinet, fume hoods and necessary equipment, and a service compartment, equipped with a control unit for the functional compartment compartments of the cabin, communicating via a pressurized lock with a working compartment, a sanitary inspection room separating the working and service compartments of the compartment and including a compartment for removing the upper and dressing work clothes, a shower and a compartment for dressing and removing protective clothing, a supply and exhaust ventilation system with fine filters, made with the possibility of creating Nia pressure difference between the compartments, the hoods and biological safety cabinet and connected via ducts to the fine filters separately disposed ventilating installation, electricity, water, sewage, signaling, heating, air conditioning and communications according to the utility model:

- the functional compartments of the complex are made with BSL-4 biological safety level, BSL-3 biological safety boxes are placed in the working compartment, and the compartment for putting on and removing protective clothing is equipped with disposable protective clothing sets.

In addition, a sealed viewing window is equipped in the partition between the service and working compartments.

In addition, the service and work compartments are equipped with a speakerphone.

In addition, the working compartment is equipped with video cameras for monitoring and monitoring the work of personnel.

In addition, the power supply of the complex is carried out from an external stationary electric network using a distribution electric panel.

In addition, the complex is powered by an autonomous generator.

In addition, the complex is powered by rechargeable batteries.

In addition, before entering the sanitary inspection room and into the working compartment, devices are installed showing the pressure drop in the indicated rooms relative to the pressure of the surrounding space.

In addition, an aerosol generator for disinfecting the working compartment is installed in the service compartment, while the spray head of the generator is located inside the operating compartment.

In addition, bactericidal irradiators are installed inside the functional compartments, biosafety cabinets and airlock.

In addition, biohazard signs and a system for restricting access to the working compartment and sanitary inspection room are installed on the entrance door to the sanitary inspection room and to the working compartment.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in figure 1-2, which schematically shows the design of the complex. The multifunctional mobile modular complex contains a container body 1 made of sandwich panels that meet the tightness requirements. To prevent depressurization of the container body during the march, it has reinforcing profiles installed around the perimeter, including walls, floor, ceiling, door and window openings. The interior of the container body through sealed partitions 2 is divided into sealed functional compartments equipped with hermetically closing doors 3 working compartment 4 (conditionally "infectious" compartment), designed to receive, prepare and study biological material (samples), which is equipped with a sealed emergency exit door 5 , a service compartment 6 (conventionally “clean” compartment), which communicates with the working compartment 4 through an airtight gateway 7 (transfer window), and a sanitary inspection room, including a compartment 8 for removing the upper and working clothes, a shower room 9 and a compartment 10 for putting on and removing disposable protective clothing. The enclosing structures (internal surfaces) of the first and second modules are made smooth, without protruding elements, recesses and hollows and do not have places difficult to clean, have antistatic surface properties, are moisture resistant and resistant to mold formation, are resistant to multiple (during the life of the complex) the effects of detergents and disinfectants, as well as the effects of ultraviolet radiation. Functional compartments are made with the level of biological safety BSL-4, which allows the study of microorganisms of I-II pathogenicity groups. Between the working and service compartments, a sealed viewing window 11 is equipped for visual observation of the work of biologists inside the working compartment. Between these compartments voice communication is also carried out by means of an intercom (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2). In the working compartment 4, video cameras are installed (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) for monitoring and monitoring the work of biologists. In the service compartment there is an aerosol generator for disinfecting the working compartment, while the spray head of the generator is brought out through a sealed passage into the working compartment (the aerosol generator is not shown in FIGS. 1, 2). In the working compartment 4, as well as in the compartments 8, 9 10 of the sanitary inspection room, gateway 7, and BSL-3 biological safety boxes 12 installed in the working compartment 4, bactericidal irradiators (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) are designed for air disinfection and surface. Accordingly, all functional compartments are equipped with lamps for their illumination (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2). In the working compartment 4 there are sets of instruments and accessories for conducting sample preparation, instruments and equipment for conducting microbiological analysis of samples, instruments and equipment for conducting analysis of samples, BSL-3 biological safety boxes 12, fume hoods 13, tables 14, wall cabinets and shelves ( not shown), an autoclave (not shown), a refrigerator 15, chairs 16 and other necessary equipment. The floor of the container body is made of sandwich panels with an internal finish of galvanized steel. The flooring is made of abrasion-resistant polymer antistatic linoleum, allowing repeated exposure to detergents and disinfectants, laid on an electrically conductive primer and an earthed grid of copper strips. To ensure the tightness of the functional compartments, the adjoining of the floor panels to the walls of the cabin, as well as the walls of the cabin to the ceiling, partitions to the floor, walls and ceiling, at the joints, is treated with a sealant, for example, silicone. In the compartment 8 of the sanitary inspection room there is a cabinet (not shown in Figs. 1, 2) for staff top and work clothes and a table 17, in the compartment 9 there is a shower unit with personal hygiene items, and in the compartment 10 there are sets of disposable protective clothing and a container for used protective clothing, as well as chair 16 and table 17. Water is supplied to the shower unit through a storage tank (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) with heated water. The tank is replenished with water through an external filler neck located outside the container body. Water is drained into the storage tank for wastewater (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) through a water trap with a check valve and its subsequent thermal disinfection. The air exchange of the functional compartments and biosafety boxes 12 of BSL-3, as well as fume hoods 13 is provided by two autonomous supply and exhaust ventilation systems (the supply system that provides fresh air of the required temperature into the module compartments is indicated on footnote A by footnote 18, and one of the autonomous exhaust footnote systems 19). The air conditioning system (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) is combined with the supply ventilation system 18. Air is forced into the module compartments and evacuated from the BSL-3 biological safety compartments and compartments 12 and fume hoods 13 by means of fans 20. the system has a backup fan (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2), which automatically turns on in case of failure of the main fan. The supply 18 and exhaust ventilation systems 19 are equipped with fine filters (HEPA filters) with a degree of air purification of 99.995% from particles with a size of 0.3 microns. The ventilation system provides the following negative pressure drops in the functional compartments and equipment of the modules relative to the pressure in the environment minus 90 Pa in the biological safety cabinets; minus 90 Pa in fume hoods; minus 60 Pa in the working compartment; minus 30 Pa in the compartments of the sanitary inspection room. The above pressure differences are maintained automatically, and the visual control of the pressure drops in compartments 8, 9 and 10 of the sanitary inspection room and in the working compartment is carried out by means of instruments (differential pressure sensors) installed in front of the entrance to the sanitary inspection compartments and into the working compartment 4. At the entrance door a biohazard sign is installed in the working compartment 4 and on the front door into the compartment 8 of the sanitary inspection room. In addition, an access restriction system (for example, a lock with a magnetic card) can be installed on the doors of the entrance to the sanitary inspection room and into the working compartment 4.

Service compartment 6 is equipped with a table 14 and a chair 16 for the duty officer, as well as a control unit (not shown) of the functional compartment systems of the cabin (power supply, ventilation, air conditioning, the inclusion of bactericidal irradiators, an autoclave, an aerosol generator, monitoring systems, communications, etc. ), a personal computer, a safe for documentation. In addition, the duty compartment of the service compartment through the gateway 7 can transfer biological materials to the working compartment 4, communicate and monitor the work of biologists in the working compartment 4 through video cameras. Power can be supplied from a stationary electric network (if available), and from a diesel generator located with a fuel supply in the leaky aggregate compartment 21, in which air conditioning and heating systems are also located (in figures 1, 2 these systems and means are not shown). Additionally, power can be supplied from gel batteries located in the service compartment (batteries are not shown in FIGS. 1, 2).

The work of the claimed multifunctional mobile complex (hereinafter referred to as the complex) for the analysis of pathogenic biological materials is as follows. Upon receipt of the order, the complex, equipped with supplies of water, food, fuel, appliances and equipment of the corresponding purpose, moves under its own power to the alleged location of the focus of biological contamination. In the case of a large remoteness of the outbreak from the location of the complex, the latter can be delivered by air, rail, water transport. The complex is located at a certain distance from the source of biological contamination, and in the presence of a stationary industrial power supply network, it is connected to the power supply via a distribution electric switchboard. From the control unit located in the service compartment 6, the operator on duty launches a diesel electric generator located in the aggregate compartment 21 (in the absence of an industrial stationary power supply network). Using a heating system (in cold weather) or an air conditioning system in the compartments, comfortable temperature conditions are created, lighting and bactericidal irradiators are turned on, located in the compartments of the sanitary inspection room (compartments 8, 9 and 10), the working compartment 4, the transfer gateway 7, and the biological safety boxes 12 and fume hoods 13. After the required period of time necessary for sterilizing the air in the indicated compartments and boxes, the forced exhaust systems 19 (at the beginning) and after 15-20 seconds of supply ventilation are turned on with the help of which the required pressure differences are created in the biological safety boxes 12, fume hoods 13, airlock 7, compartment 4 and compartments 8, 9 and 10 of the sanitary inspection room, which are controlled by differential pressure sensors located in front of the entrance to the sanitary inspection room and into the operating section 4. After which biologists, using an access restriction system, for example, a magnetic card, go into compartment 8 of the sanitary inspection room, take off their outer clothing and put on work clothes that are in the closet. In this case, the front door of compartment 8 and the door to compartment 9 are closed. After changing clothes, specialists enter compartment 9, closing their front door 3, where they carry out (if necessary) hygiene procedures (washing, taking a shower), and then enter compartment 10, closing their front door 3, and put on a one-time protective clothes located in compartment 10. After this, biologists, using the access restriction system on the front door 3 to the working compartment 4, go into it and close the door behind them. Through the transfer gateway 7, specialists receive biological materials from the duty compartment 6 in the thermal container, brought from the biological lesion focus, place them in the biological safety boxes 12 and the fume hood 13 and carry out the necessary work and research with them using appropriate equipment, instruments and diagnostic equipment located both inside the box 12 and the cabinet 13, and in the working compartment 4. In the process of research, biologists can exchange the necessary information as with the duty , and with the head of the complex. At the end of the work, the spent biological materials are placed in an autoclave, where they are heat treated and disinfected, and through the gateway 7 they can be transferred to the service compartment 6 for further disposal. In the compartments of the first and second modules, as well as in fume hoods 13 and BSL-3 biological safety cabinets 12, bactericidal irradiators are switched on, and biologists leave the working compartment 4 in the compartment 10, in which one-off protective clothing is removed and put into a special container . In compartment 9 of the sanitary inspection room, specialists conduct hygienic procedures and take a shower, and then go to compartment 8, dress and go to service compartment 6. In the absence of people in compartment 4, it can be additionally treated with an aerosol generator of the appropriate composition. After a predetermined time of operation of the bactericidal irradiators, they turn off, and the supply 18 and exhaust ventilation systems are switched from the operating mode to the standby mode with reduced air capacity or are turned off. Biologists transmit the received information on the results of research and identification of microorganisms to the head of the complex.

The advantage of the claimed complex is the high security of personnel when working with microorganisms of pathogenicity groups I-II due to the implementation of functional compartments with a biological safety level of BSL-4, the use of boxes with a biological safety level of BSL-3 and the use of disposable protective clothing.

The applicant made a prototype of the complex, which passed the test, confirming its compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents on the safety of work with microorganisms of I-II pathogenicity groups. Currently, serial production of the complex has been deployed to equip the relevant departments and structures of the Russian Federation.

According to the applicant, the proposed technical solution meets the criteria of “novelty” and “industrial applicability”, and therefore it can be protected by a patent for a utility model.

Claims (11)

1. A multifunctional mobile modular complex for the analysis of pathogenic biological materials, comprising a body-container mounted on a car chassis, equipped with life support equipment and related equipment, a hermetically sealed interior, separated by sealed partitions equipped with hermetically sealed doors, into functional compartments equipped with instruments and diagnostic equipment, including a working compartment for receiving, preparing and researching biological material, equipped biological safety box, fume hoods and necessary equipment, and a service compartment equipped with a control unit for functional compartment systems, necessary equipment communicating through a pressurized lock with a working compartment, a sanitary inspection room separating the working and service compartments of the cabin and including a compartment for removing the top and dressing the worker clothes, a shower and a compartment for dressing and removing protective clothing, a ventilation system with fine filters, made with the possibility of pressure difference between the compartments, while fume hoods and the biological safety cabinet are connected through air ducts and fine filters to a separate ventilation unit, power supply, water supply, sewage, alarm, heating, air conditioning and communication systems, characterized in that the functional compartments of the multifunctional mobile of the modular complex are made with BSL-4 biological safety level, BSL-3 biological safety boxes are placed in the working compartment, and the compartment for od Wearing and removing protective clothing is provided with disposable protective clothing sets. 2. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealed viewing window is equipped in the partition between the service and working compartments. 3. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the service and working compartments are equipped with a loud-speaking intercom. 4. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the working compartment is equipped with video cameras for monitoring and monitoring staff work. 5. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex is powered from an external stationary electric network using an electrical distribution panel. 6. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex is powered from an autonomous generator. 7. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply of the complex modules is carried out from rechargeable batteries. 8. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first and second modules of the complex in front of the entrance to the sanitary inspection room and into the working compartment there are devices showing the pressure drop in the indicated rooms relative to the pressure of the surrounding space. 9. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that an aerosol generator for disinfecting the working compartment is installed in the service compartment, while the spray head of the generator is located inside the operating compartment. 10. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that bactericidal irradiators are installed inside the functional compartments, biological safety boxes and airlock. 11. The multifunctional mobile modular complex according to claim 1, characterized in that biohazard signs and a system for restricting access to the working compartment and sanitary inspection room are installed on the front door of the sanitary inspection room and into the working compartment.

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