RU136809U1 - HEAT EXCHANGE CONSTRUCTION FOR THE HEAT SYSTEM OF THE HEAT-MOUNTED HEATING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Heat exchange design for a thermal heating system of a turnout switch by means of a flowing coolant, and the turnout switch includes at least one switch pad (4), characterized in that at least one switch pad (4) is placed or configured at least one heat exchanger (10) in heat transferring contact with at least one switch pad (4) .2. A heat exchange design according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one switch pad (4) includes an arrow pad plate and a base plate (6). A heat exchange design according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is located or is configured to position at least one arrow pad (4) under the plate (5) of the arrow pad. A heat exchange design according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is located or configured to be in a cavity that is formed by at least one sample (7) in the arrow pad plate (5) and at least at least one sample (8) in the base plate (6). 5. A heat exchange structure according to claim 2, characterized in that between or at least one heat exchanger (10) and a plate of an arrow pad and / or between at least one heat exchanger (10) and a base plate (6) is placed or configured accommodating at least one heat conducting element. 6. A heat exchange design according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is placed or configured to be placed in at least one sample (7) in the plate (5) of the arrow pad. Warmly

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchange design for a heat switch heating system, a heat system and a switch design with a heat system and / or at least one heat exchange design. Railroad switches or railroad switches, as defined, are railway structures for the separation and connection of railway tracks.

Turnouts are installed with a gauge-slave connection in order to branch railway tracks, connect and disconnect parallel tracks, provide overtaking tracks, go around sections of the track, etc. Therefore, turnouts are rail structures that provide rail vehicles with a transition from one track to another without interrupting traffic. In this case, the moving parts of the railroad switch are moved from one position to another in order to thereby make changes in direction within the rail tracks.

Among other things, the feature of the turnouts is that, depending on the desired position of the turnout, the wit rail (also called “wag”) is held pressed to or away from the frame rail (also called “Vignole rail”). In this case, the witty rail slides along at least one switch pad with the switch pad plate. The switch pad plate is an enlarged bearing surface in the area of the switch pad, along which the pin rail can move in one and the other direction.

First of all, in Eastern Europe and the CIS countries the generally accepted version of the arrow pillow, which is made or made non-integral. In this embodiment of the arrow cushion, the arrow cushion plate for guiding the frame rail and the main plate for attaching the frame rail are manufactured separately and then connected to each other. The connection of the arrow pad plate and the base plate may be accomplished by geometrical closure, power closure, or material joining.

It is important to maintain turnouts in a state of maximum availability. If the turnouts do not function properly, then the operator incurs disproportionately high costs due to delays and redirects or detours. To ensure the availability and operability of turnouts at low temperatures, turnouts are often equipped with heaters or thermal systems in order to prevent icing, especially of moving parts.

There are aspirations to replace turnouts with intensive maintenance with low-maintenance ones, but at least the heating and lubrication points of the drives, locks and hinges remain the same as maintenance points.

There are heating systems for switches, which use hot water, hot steam, gas, electricity or heat pumps. Maintenance and upkeep is very laborious and expensive and therefore less attractive to the operator. It is also a fact that, along with a high hazard potential, the removal of ice and snow through known systems absorbs huge energy and maintenance costs.

The efficiency and profitability of the heating systems of turnouts largely depends on the heat transfer from the heating mains to the heated parts of the turnouts.

From DE 202005021255 U1 and EP 01645688 A2, a heating device is known which is adapted to be fixed on one side of a rail closed from the end faces of the casing, which extends essentially between the rail head and the rail sole and in which heating elements are located which are connected to the outside of the casing heating device. The heating elements in the casing are formed by at least two conductive hot coolant, preferably water, channels, which are embedded in a housing made of a heat-conducting material, preferably aluminum, which coincides with the rail profile. The casing is thermally insulated and sealed with respect to the rail head and the sole of the rail, and a heat insulating shell is also provided on its inner side.

From EP 0247693 A1, it is known to heat the soles of a rail of a turnout in the area of a wit from below by means of a special metal conductive block for a heated liquid.

WO 2009/109664 describes a thermal system for heating railroad switches, in which a heating line, washed by a liquid passing through it, at least one wall is in heat-conducting contact with a part of the rail and connected to a conductive system that receives heat, preferably from the ground, by means of a circulation liquids.

The heating system according to WO 2009/109664 showed that the known devices for winter operation of turnouts provide sufficient readiness for work not in all weather conditions. Because of this, for the operator, along with the costs due to changes in the schedule, there are additional maintenance costs, as well as disproportionately high costs due to delays and redirects or detours.

The objective of the innovation is to provide high operational readiness of turnouts even under difficult climatic conditions. To do this, a heat exchange design, a heat system and a turnout design must be made available, which are easily manufactured and well mounted and provide an efficient heating mode.

The problem is solved by means of a heat exchange structure, a heat system and a turnout structure according to the independent claims of the utility model. Modifications and preferred forms of execution follow from the dependent claims of the utility model. According to a utility model, a heat exchange design is provided for a thermal heating system of a turnout switch by means of a fluid coolant. The switch includes at least one switch pad. At least one heat exchanger is arranged or arranged on the switch pad in the heat transfer contact with at least one switch pad. In this way, heat can be directly transferred from the heat exchanger to the switch pad in order to heat it and thereby the components that are in heat transfer contact with it. Heat transfer contact may mean heat transfer contact. It is possible that the heat transfer contact is provided directly or indirectly through a heat-conducting intermediate element with good heat conductivity, for example using a heat-conducting paste. The switch can have switch rails, for example frame rails and wit rails. The arrow rails may be designed for at least one switch pad. At least one or exactly one heat exchange structure may be associated with each switch pad. The arrow cushion plate in the general case can be made only to support the wit rail with the possibility of movement and / or to hold the frame rail along its corresponding wit rail. Various profile shapes of frame rails are known. In Western Europe, the S49, S54, and UIC-60 profiles are common; in contrast, in Eastern Europe and Russia, a higher S65 or R65 profile is common. But the utility model is not only not limited to the mentioned profile shapes, but is also suitable for all arrow rails used, for example, frame rails (also called "Vignole rail"), grooved rails or wit rails.

A heat transfer medium may be supplied to the heat exchange structure, in particular to the heat exchanger, by means of which heat is supplied. Heat is supplied from the heat exchanger to the switch pad, respectively, the heat exchanger being placed or adapted to be placed in heat transfer contact with at least one plane of the arrow pad plate and / or at least one plane of the base plate.

At least one arrow pad may have one arrow pad plate and one base plate. The base plate may be mounted on a solid base, for example on a railroad tie. It is possible that the arrow pad plate is fixed to the base plate. First of all, the arrow pad plate may be located above the base plate, for example, in order to be able to provide increased support for the wedge rail and / or to be able to clamp or hold the sole of the frame rail. A recess or receptacle may be provided between the arrow pad plate and the base plate. Such a receptacle may be formed by a sample in the arrow pad plate and / or a sample in the base plate. It is possible that the sample in the arrow pad plate is made on the side of the arrow pad plate directed towards the base plate and / or is open downward. In the General case, the heat exchanger by means of a suitable mounting device can be fixed or made with the possibility of fixing on the arrow pad, especially on the plate arrow pillows and / or on the base plate. The fastening device may include, for example, a threaded joint and / or an adhesive joint and / or a solder joint and / or other suitable device.

Preferably, the heat exchanger of the heat exchange structure is arranged to accommodate at least one arrow pad under the plate of the arrow pad. Moreover, a heat exchanger located in an open downward sample in the arrow pad plate can be considered as located under the arrow pad plate.

In one embodiment, the heat exchanger may be installed or configured to be installed in the receiving socket. The receptacle may be formed by at least one sample in the arrow pad plate and at least one sample in the base plate. Samples can be the samples described above.

At least one heat-conducting element can be placed or configured to be placed between at least one heat exchanger and a base plate. As the heat-conducting element, for example, a heat-conducting paste and / or a suitable device with good heat conductivity can be provided. Such a heat-conducting element may consist primarily of metal or a metal alloy, for example copper or brass.

At least one heat exchanger may be located or configured to be placed in at least one sample in the arrow pad plate. Thus, compact installation is possible. The heat exchanger can be mounted on the sampling wall and / or on the base plate.

First of all, at least one heat-conducting element between the at least one heat exchanger and the plate of the arrow pad can be placed or adapted to be placed in a sample of the arrow pad plate. By means of the heat-conducting element, good thermal conductivity can be ensured. The heat-conducting element may be the heat-conducting element described above.

The heat-insulating element can be placed or made with the possibility of placement between at least one heat exchanger and sleepers, which is located or made with the possibility of location arrow pillow. In this way, unwanted heat leakage from the heat exchanger through the railroad tie can be prevented or reduced. The sleeper can be a substrate on which, first of all, the base plate of the arrow pad can be fixed.

During the modification, it can be provided that at least one heat exchanger is supplied or configured to be supplied with a heat carrier through a connecting line. The connecting line may be part of a heat system. The connecting lines may be connected or configured to be connected to the heat exchanger by means of suitable fluid connecting devices, which may be connected to the heat exchanger and / or connecting lines.

First of all, connecting lines can be made in the form of hose lines or pipelines. Thus, simply assembled and manufactured connecting lines can be used.

In general, at least one heat exchanger may include a main body, at least one cover, at least one fastener, at least one attachment, and at least one channel. First of all, the use of a main body with a cover can contribute to simplified installation, primarily from the point of view of connecting the connecting lines.

In the mounted state of the heat exchanger on an arrow pad, it is advantageous if the contact surface between the heat exchanger and the arrow pad, preferably between the heat exchanger and the sample in the arrow pad plate and / or the sample of the base plate, is provided with a heat-conducting element in order to ensure good heat transfer from the heat exchanger to the arrow pad . Gluing the heat exchanger with the arrow pad is not rational, since different coefficients of thermal expansion of the heat exchanger and arrow pad can lead to dangerous stresses in the heat exchanger up to its destruction. It is also easier to dismantle the heat exchanger for maintenance purposes if the heat exchanger and the arrow pad with the arrow pad plate and base plate are not glued together.

Preferably, the heat exchanger includes the following elements: at least one main body, at least one cover, at least one fastener, at least one attachment, and at least one channel through which the coolant can flow. Optionally, for better sealing between the main body and the cover, at least one sealing element is arranged between the main body and the cover.

At least one connection for the connecting line may be located in the main body of the heat exchanger or in the lid of the heat exchanger.

As an additional sealing element between the cover and the main body of the heat exchanger, a hardening liquid sealant or a sealing element based on an elastomer is provided. Preferably, the sealing element is placed on the contact surfaces of the lid and the main body. In a further embodiment, the at least one fastener may include at least one sealing element.

In the mounted state of the heat exchanger, it is also preferable to position the heat exchanger in a cavity that includes a sample in the arrow pad plate and a sample in the base plate. Alternatively, the heat exchanger may be located in the cavity, which consists of only a sample in the arrow pad plate. These forms of installation, due to the encapsulation of the heat exchanger in the samples of the switch pad plate and the base plate, offer optimal protection of the heat exchanger from mechanical stress and environmental corrosion. The removable heat exchanger is fixed in the arrow cushion and is thus available for repair and service activities.

At least one heat exchanger of the heat exchange structure is arranged or configured to be placed in at least one sample of the arrow pad plate and at least one sample of the base plate. It is preferred that the at least one heat-conducting element is located between at least one heat exchanger and at least one sample of the arrow pad plate and between at least one heat exchanger and at least one sample of the base plate.

At least one heat exchanger of the heat exchange structure is further configured to install or place at least one plate of an arrow pad in at least one sample. In this case, it is preferable to place at least one heat-conducting element between at least one heat exchanger and at least one sample plate arrow switch.

On the switch pad, between the heat exchanger and the railroad tie (also called transfer beam), a heat insulating element can be located. This heat-insulating element may consist of conventional insulating materials for thermal insulation, such as, for example, mineral fibers, such as mineral wool, glass wool, or organic foam, such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, or also from materials whose bulk is mostly (approximately over 80 percent by volume) consists of pores.

At least one heat exchanger may consist of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Aluminum and its alloys are well suited for the manufacture of cast parts, especially die cast parts. In addition, aluminum, as you know, has good heat-conducting properties, making the material well suited for a heat exchanger. Other materials with good heat-conducting properties are also well suited for a heat exchanger, especially heat-conducting metals and their alloys, such as copper or brass.

Also provided is a thermal system for turnout with at least one heat exchange design described herein. First of all, several heat-exchange structures can be jointly included in a thermal system. Also, the heating system may include a heating circuit, wherein the heating circuit may include a primary circuit and a secondary circuit. The primary source of heat for the coolant in the primary circuit is renewable energy, such as the heat of the Earth. The coolant in the secondary circuit is heated by the primary circuit by means of a primary-secondary heat exchanger. Through the connecting lines of the secondary circuit, which can be made as pipelines or hose lines, the heat exchangers of the thermal system are supplied with a tempered coolant.

In addition, a turnout structure is provided with at least one heat exchange structure described herein and / or a heat system described herein. The turnout structure may have frame rails and wit rails. Also, the switch design can have several switch pads. At least one heat exchange design may be associated with at least one arrow pad, several arrow pad, or even all arrow pad.

Next, the utility model is explained based on the drawings. Shown on:

Figure 1 is a top view of a heat exchange structure in the field of switch pads,

Figure 2 is a top view of an arrow pad with a heat exchanger located on it,

Figa side view of the heat exchanger,

Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger,

Figv top view of the heat exchanger,

Fig. 4A is a first cross-section of an arrow pad with a heat exchanger located on it,

Fig. 4B is a second section of an arrow pad with a heat exchanger disposed therein, and

4B is a plan view of an arrow pad with a heat exchanger disposed therein.

Figure 1 shows a top view of a heat exchange system on switch poles 4, considered as a thermal system, with arrow pad plates 5 and base plate 6. The heat exchange system includes several heat exchange structures that have one heat exchanger 10 each, and the heat carrier flows or tends to flow along the connecting lines 12 through the heat exchangers 10. The connecting lines 12 are connected to the corresponding heat exchangers 10 through corresponding connections 11. FIG. 1 shows a series connection heat exchangers 10, but parallel connection of heat exchangers 10 is also possible. With a similar parallel connection, heat exchangers 10 can be supplied with heat by a carrier not sequentially, but in parallel, for example by switching on a star. The connecting lines 12, as well as the heat exchangers 10 integrated into the arrow cushions 4, are located under the sharp rail 2. The arrow cushions are mounted on standard sleepers and transfer bars 3, and sleepers can be made, for example, of steel (sleepers, structural form Y), soft wood (pine and larch), solid wood (beech and oak), prestressed concrete or artificial material.

Figure 2 shows a top view of the arrow cushion 4 with the heat exchanger 10 located on it with connecting lines 12 and connections 11. The heat exchanger 10 is integrated into the arrow cushion 4. The heat carrier flows through the connecting lines 12, as well as through heat exchangers 10 and gives off heat through the heat exchanger 10 to the arrow pad 4. The heat exchanger by sampling 7 of the plate 5 of the arrow pad and / or sampling 8 of the base plate 6 in heat-conducting contact with the arrow pad 4.

On figa-3B shows the heat exchanger 10 in a side view, section and top view, and figb shows a section along the axis aa of figa. The heat exchanger 10 includes a main body 20 and a cover 21 that is secured by at least one fastener 22 to the main body 20. For better sealing between the main body 20 and the cover 21, a sealing element not shown is shown between the main body 20 and the cover 21 .

The heat exchanger 10 is penetrated by channels 23 through which the coolant is directed. Preferably, the heat exchanger 10 is made of a material that conducts heat well in order to improve the heat transfer from the heat transfer medium to the switch pad 4. Preferably, the main body 20 and the cover 21 of the heat exchanger 10 are made of aluminum or aluminum alloys. In the shown exemplary embodiment, the heat carrier flows through both connections 11 into the heat exchanger, is directed along the channel 23 in the direction of the cover, flows through the cross connection 24 into the next channel 23 in the area of the cover 21 and exits the heat exchanger 10 through the next connection 11. Preferably, the channels 23 are made by the holes in the main body 20. The channels 23 shown in FIG. 3B can be drilled or milled, the diameters of the holes overlapping. Preferably, the holes have various diameters for technological reasons. Alternatively, the main body 20 and the cover 21 may be cast.

Fig. 4A shows a first cross-section of an arrow pad 4 with a heat exchanger located on it 10. Moreover, the frame rail 1 shown by the dashed line is located on the base plate 6 of the arrow pad 4. The arrow pad 4 includes a base plate 6 and an arrow pad plate 5, plate 5 arrow pillows on top of the base plate 6 and plate 5 arrow pillows of the base plate 6 is in contact with the supporting surface 9. Sample 7 plate 5 arrow pillows and sample 8 of the base plate 6 together form a cavity in which a heat exchanger 10 is laid, and the heat exchanger 10 is in contact with the base plate 6 and the arrow pad plate 5.

The heat carrier fluid through the heat exchanger 10, which is formed essentially by the main body 20 and the cover 21, is transferred to the switch pad 4, especially to the base plate 6 and / or to the switch pad plate 5. Preferred for heat transfer is the placement of a (not shown) heat-conducting element between the heat exchanger 10 and the switch pad 5 or between sample 7 of the plate 5 of the arrow pad and sample 8 of the base plate 6 and the heat exchanger 10.

FIG. 4B shows a second cross section of the arrow pad 4 with the heat exchanger 10 located therein. The cross section shows, in particular, the position of the main body 20 of the heat exchanger 10 in the arrow pad 4. A sample 7 of the plate 5 of the arrow pad and a sample 8 of the base plate 6 together form a cavity in which the heat exchanger is located 10. In the heat exchanger 10 there are channels 23 through which the heat carrier is directed. Preferably, the channels 23 are made through holes in the main body 20.

FIG. 4B shows a top view of an arrow pad 4 with a heat exchanger 10 located therein. A sample 7 of an arrow pad plate 5 and a sample 8 of a base plate 6 jointly form a cavity that accommodates a heat exchanger 10. The heat exchanger 10 is supplied through connecting lines 12 coolant.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 frame rail

2 wit rail

3 sleepers

4 arrow pad

5 plate arrow cushion

6 base plate

7 recess plate arrow pillows

8 excavation of the base plate

9 abutment surface

10 heat exchanger

11 joining

12 connecting line

20 main body

21 cover

22 fastener

23 channel

24 cross connection

Claims (17)

1. Heat exchange design for a thermal heating system of a turnout switch by means of a flowing heat carrier, and the turnout switch includes at least one switch pad (4), characterized in that at least one switch pad (4) is placed or configured in heat transfer contact with at least one switch pad (4) at least one heat exchanger (10). 2. The heat exchange design according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one switch pad (4) includes an arrow pad plate and a base plate (6). 3. The heat exchange design according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is located or configured to position at least one arrow pad (4) under the plate (5) of the arrow pad. 4. The heat exchange design according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is located or configured to be in a cavity that is formed by at least one sample (7) in the arrow pad plate (5) and at least one sample (8) in the base plate (6). 5. The heat exchange design according to claim 2, characterized in that between or at least one heat exchanger (10) and the plate (5) arrow switch and / or between at least one heat exchanger (10) and the base plate (6) is placed or made with the possibility of placing at least one heat-conducting element. 6. The heat exchange structure according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is placed or configured to be placed in at least one sample (7) in the plate (5) of the arrow pad. 7. Heat transfer structure according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one heat-conducting element is placed or arranged between at least one heat exchanger (10) and the plate (5 in the sample (7) in the arrow pad plate (5) ) arrow pillow. 8. The heat exchange design according to claim 2, characterized in that between the at least one heat exchanger (10) and the sleeper (3) is placed or configured to accommodate a heat insulating element on which an arrow pad is placed or configured to accommodate. 9. Heat transfer design according to one of claims 1 to 3 or 5-8, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) is supplied or configured to supply heat through the connecting lines (12). 10. Heat transfer design according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting lines (12) are made in the form of hose lines or pipelines. 11. Heat transfer design according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) includes a main body (20), at least one cover (21), at least one fastener (22) at least one connection (11) and at least one channel (23). 12. Heat transfer design according to one of claims 1 to 3 and 5-8 or 10, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 13. The heat exchange design according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 14. Heat transfer design according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 15. The heat exchange design according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger (10) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 16. Thermal system for turnout with at least one heat exchange design according to one of claims 1 to 15. 17. The turnout design with at least one heat exchange design according to one of claims 1 to 15 and / or a heat system according to claim 16.

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