RU118825U1 - REMEDIATED WEDGE PLANNER WITH AUTOMATICALLY ADJUSTABLE WIDTH OF THE TWO-SHAFT WORKING BODY - Google Patents

Abstract

Reclamation wedge-planner, consisting of a drawbar with a front supporting pneumatic wheel cart and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the digging process, a traction frame with an additional vertical beam, turnbuckles, telescopic struts, a rear supporting pneumatic wheel cart with two hydraulic cylinders for controlling its transfer to the transport position, characterized by the fact that the working body is structurally made of a composite of front fixed dumps, connected to each other at an angle of 90 °, and rotary dumps pivotally connected to the fixed dumps by additional lugs, the swivel dumps are controlled by hydraulic cylinders in automatic mode and change their position depending on the resistance to digging, automatic control system under the action of the maximum load, it is able to fold and unfold the swivel blades when it decreases.

Description

The utility model relates to technical means of mechanization of land reclamation (cultural-technical) works, namely, to machines for preparing fields for irrigation, and, in particular, is intended for capital planning of rice checks.

Known planner D-719, used for presowing and capital planning checks in areas of cultivation of rice culture. It is a trailed machine for T-170, K-701 tractors and consists of a frame, a bottomless bucket (rear blade and side walls), a cultivator, front and rear undercarriages, a hydraulic system, traction, support, a latch, a guide rail and screw screeds (Machines and equipment for the construction of reclamation systems. Directory-directory. - M .: TSNIITEstroymash, 1975. - S.35-40.).

The D-719 scheduler is designed for cutting soil from elevated locations of the check, accumulating and moving it in a bottomless bucket in the form of a drawing prism to the places of lowering, and filling the low sections of the check with soil from this prism.

Shortcomings in the work of the scheduler D-719:

- the first stage of capital planning is distinguished by large volumes of earthwork, and it is impossible for the D-719 planner to effectively level out, because the range of movement of the soil is from 80 to 100-150 m, while it is able to move the soil to a distance of not more than 10-20 m in 1-2 passes;

- with significant irregularities (from + 10 cm and more), traction resistance increases and the bottomless bucket quickly fills, while the drawing prism is formed over a relatively short head length, which leads to the inability of the planner to continue working and forces the unloading of soil in an unnecessary place of the check .

There is also an automated semi-trailer wedge-planner PK-1 for the K-701 tractor. It includes a traction-bearing frame, a working body made in the form of a symmetrical wedge-shaped blade, with the possibility of installing additional expanders along its edges. The supporting frame is pivotally connected to the rear axle, on which supporting pneumatic wheels, a transport emphasis and hydraulic cylinders for digging process are fixed. A hitch with a jack and a rack with a ladder for mounting the receiver of the laser system are installed on the frame (Patent RU No. 2131664 C1, application form 05.20.1997; publ. 06.20.1999. - Bull. No. 17.).

The wedge-planner is intended for cutting under the design mark of increases in check irregularities, with the formation of a planned strip along the working width and shifting the developed soil in the embankment at both edges relative to the working body.

Disadvantages of the wedge-scheduler PK-1:

- the inability to align the surface of the check with the required agricultural tolerance (Δ = ± 3 cm for rice culture) due to copying of the relief of the check (this occurs mainly due to the insufficient mass of the structure itself), the accuracy when planning with such a machine is ± 4 ... 5 cm;

- when the machine is working in the corners of the check, the planned surface is skewed, and at the highest values of the irregularities, the formation of the sinusoidal irregularities by the machine itself is added;

- when planning in the corner sections of the check, the machine moves along a curved path, which leads to uneven loading of dumps. The peripheral speed of the blade located on the outer radius is greater than on the inner one. This leads to the accumulation of a larger volume of soil in front of the internal dump, which causes a lateral displacement of the entire wedge-planner toward a larger radius and causes the rear support wheels to tear off from the surface of the check.

The closest analogue of the utility model is the automated semi-trailer wedge-planner PK-1, having a working body, in the form of a symmetrical wedge-shaped blade, with the possibility of installing additional expanders along the edges (Patent RU No. 2131664 C1, application 05.20.1997; publ. 06.20.1999. - Bull. No. 17.).

The technical task of the utility model is to create a high-performance machine for processing significantly deformed surfaces of rice receipts in one pass.

The essence of the solution of the problem lies in the fact that the two-blade working body is structurally made integral from the front fixed blades connected to each other at an angle of 90 °, and rotary blades pivotally connected to the fixed blades by additional eyes, the rotary blades are automatically controlled by hydraulic cylinders and change their position Depending on the resistance to digging, the automatic control system under the action of the maximum load is able to fold and turn e dumps during its decrease.

The technical essence and principle of the utility model are illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 - General view of the reclamation wedge-planner. Figure 2 - Top view of the wedge-planner.

Figure 3 - Fragment of a symmetrical two-blade working body. Top and rear views.

Figure 4 - A fragment of the working body when turning. Top and rear views.

Figure 5 - A fragment of the working body in a rotated position. Top and rear views.

6 - Hydraulic circuit for automatic control of a two-body working body.

The wedge-scheduler (Figs. 1-3) consists of a drawbar 1 for aggregation with a tractor, a front supporting pneumatic-wheel trolley 2, a box-shaped traction frame 3, which is the main connecting part of the entire machine. The rear of the frame is pivotally connected to the rear trolley 6 on the pneumatic wheel. The transfer from the transport position to the working one takes place using two hydraulic cylinders 5. The digging process control hydraulic cylinder 9 is pivotally connected to the traction frame and the front trolley, thereby allowing the height of the working body to be adjusted. Lanyards 11 are located on the frame to give additional rigidity to the stationary parts of the dual-blade working equipment. The dual-blade working body in the front part is connected to the traction frame by a horizontal hinge 10. The fixed 8 and rotary 7 dumps are interconnected by hinges 12. The fixed dumps 8 have side pads 13 located at the edges and designed to eliminate the possibility of clogging of the formed space between the dumps with soil folding.

On the inner sides of the rotary dumps, brackets 14 are installed, to which the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 15 and the retractable sections of the telescopic struts 16 are pivotally connected (Fig. 3). Telescopic struts 16 serve as a limiter of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder rod when folding, and also, to give rigidity to the rotary dumps 7. On the opposite side, the hydraulic cylinders and fixed sections of the struts are connected to a vertical beam 17 welded to the bottom of the traction frame.

The accuracy of the layout with the required tolerance of ± 3 cm is achieved by using a laser-receiving automatic control system 4, equipped on the traction frame of the wedge-scheduler.

The method of reclamation wedge-planner is as follows (Fig.3-5). When moving along the check, the wedge-planner, with a two-blade working body pre-installed on the project mark (Fig. 1), cuts off the soil increase and pours them into side mounds formed relative to the edges of the dumps. As a result, after the passage of the machine, a strip is designed for the design value along the entire working width. However, it should be noted that some checks, and especially their angles, have large values of elevations of irregularities. In the corners of the check make a turn of the car. In (figure 2 and figure 3) shows the initial (constant with a small load on the dumps) the position of the working body. When the machine turns, an increase in the load on one part of the two-blade working body moving along a trajectory with a smaller radius begins to occur. This leads to an increase in pressure in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. When the overflow valve setting pressure is exceeded, the hydraulic cylinder rod retracts and folding of the rotary blade begins (Fig. 4) (a detailed explanation of the hydraulic system when folding is shown below), which reduces the working width (Fig. 5), which helps to reduce resistance when planning and eliminates surface skew, skid of working equipment and separation from the ground surface of the rear wheel trolley. Further, as the rotation takes place and the drag force decreases to the rotary part of the blade, it returns to its original position, restoring the entire working width (Fig.2-3).

With a symmetrical load on both rotary dumps, but exceeding the setting force of the bypass valve, synchronous operation of the rotary dump control system occurs in the above sequence (both dumps are added).

During the work of the wedge-planner, a special role is given to the automatic control system of rotary dumps, on which the performance of the entire work and the accuracy of planning in areas of the check with large irregularities (during rotation) will depend on it. Figure 6 presents the hydraulic control circuit of rotary dumps during operation. It consists of the following elements: “H” - hydraulic pump (standard, mounted on a tractor); “Ts1”, “Ts2” - hydraulic cylinders for control of rotary dumps; "P" - a hydrodistributor (full-time, mounted on a tractor); "KP" - bypass valve; "F" is a filter; "B" - a hydraulic tank with a working fluid.

The hydraulic system can occur in the following modes.

When the control valve spool “P” is turned on in position “I” (the supply of working fluid to the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders “Ts1” and “Ts2”), the rotary dumps of the wedge-planner are folded into the transport position.

When the spool is turned to position “III” (fluid supply to the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders), the rotary dumps are deployed to the working position. In parallel with the pressure line connecting the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, a “KP” bypass valve is installed. This valve is adjusted to operate at a pressure that can increase in the piston cavity of the Ts1 and Ts2 hydraulic cylinders from the impact of the maximum reaction force of the prism of the cut soil on the rotary dumps. Maximum effort most often occurs when turning the car. If this force is exceeded, the pressure in the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder increases (or hydraulic cylinders — if the load is symmetrical and exceeds the maximum setting pressure), the “KP” valve opens and the hydraulic cylinder rod squeezes the working fluid from the piston cavity into the hydraulic tank “B”, after passing it through the filter "F". Thus, the rotary blade of the wedge-planner will rotate relative to the connecting vertical hinge and the force on the hydraulic cylinder rod will decrease. With a decrease in effort, the pressure of the working fluid will drop, the “KP” valve will close, and the rotary blade will return to its working position, increasing the grip of the working body over the entire width.

If during the planning process the spool valve “P” is in the locked position “II”, then to return the rotary blade to the deployed working position, it is necessary to switch the spool to position “III” (fluid supply to the piston cavity).

The technical result consists in improving the quality of the machine, the effectiveness of planning work and reducing the time for their completion, as well as reducing traction resistance when working on difficult sections of the check and reducing the size of the wedge-planner in the transport position.

Claims (1)

Reclamation wedge-planner, consisting of a drawbar with a front supporting pneumatic wheel trolley and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the digging process, a traction frame with an additional vertical beam, lanyards, telescopic struts, a rear supporting pneumatic wheel trolley with two hydraulic cylinders for transferring it to the transport position, characterized in that the working body is structurally made integral from the front fixed blades connected to each other at an angle of 90 °, and rotary blades, articulated GOVERNMENTAL with fixed eyelets additional piles, piles controlled rotary cylinders automatically and change its position depending on the digging resistance, the automatic control system under the influence of the load limit is able to fold and deploy rotary blades when it decreases.