RU10000U1 - CABLE LINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A cable line consisting of interconnected low-temperature and high-temperature taps with different resistivities, each of which consists of insulated conductive conductors in a common form-forming sheath, on which a pillow is placed under armor and armor, the cores of each of the taps are connected in pairs, the connection point the cores are made integral, on top of the joints of each pair of cores an insulating heat-resistant shell is laid, then the general forming insulating shell, a pillow and armor, characterized in that an insulating heat-resistant sheath for each core, a general insulating shape-forming sheath, a pillow and armor are laid on the pairwise conductive wires of each of the branches and the junction of the wires is continuous along the entire length of the cable line. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the wires of the high-temperature branch are multi-wire, with a gap between the wires, defined by the expression where n is the number of wires more than two symmetrically located relative to the central wire; Δ is the gap between the wires on the circle passing through the centers of the wires covering the central wire; R is the radius of the central wire; r is the radius of the wires covering the central wire. 3. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the high-temperature branch is made flat, while the flat surfaces are convex-concave, the cross-sectional centers of the conductive conductors are located on the same arc with a constant radius of curvature and are shifted toward the concave surface. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a high-temperature �

Description

CABLE LINE 11

The utility model relates to the field of the oil industry, in particular, to cable technology, and can be used as equipment for electric heating of a highly viscous oil and gas mixture of wells equipped with sucker rod pumps, submersible electric pumps with a chain to prevent freezing of water pipes in hazardous areas of oilfield equipment, and to eliminate paraffin -fluid plugs in wells with a high pelvic factor, and also in systems of water injection, oil and gas transport.

A well-known geophysical cable with a core of seven multiwire conductive conductors, with an insulation coil 1LZ overlaid on a kalzh core, is used as a pillow under the common frame - armor from steel round wires (see Malyshev A.G. et al. Use of heating cables to prevent paraffin hydrate formation in oil wells. Oil industry, 1990, No. 6, pp. 58-60).

A disadvantage of the known device is the low level of absorbable electric power insufficient to prevent the formation of paraffin, especially in cases of high content of paraffin fractions in oil.

For the same reason, it cannot be used as a heating flat power cable for powering submersible electric pumps (see TU 16-505.129-82 Cable with polyethylene insulation for submersible electric pumps). Heating temperature

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the copper core of such a cable is not more than 90 ° C, which is not enough for a day to warm the track.

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of technical nature and the effect achieved is to heat a “flat cable line consisting of interconnected low-temperature and high-temperature taps with different resistivities (either of different cross-sections or of a different alloy). Each branch consists of insulated conductive conductors in a common forming shell, on which armor is then laid. The cores to each of the bends are connected in pairs by means of a metal sleeve, due to the chesh the connection point of the cores is made inseparable.

On top of the joints of each pair of cores, an insulating heat-resistant shell is laid, on which a shape-forming insulating shell is put on, padding and armor are laid (see, for example, Z. I. Fonarev. Electric heating of pipelines, tanks and technological equipment in the oil industry. Lennngrad: Nedra, 1984 , p. 12).

When heating the technological equipment, the cable line is placed either inside the heated object, for example, the pipeline, or linearly on the surface of the pipeline from above, from below, etc. The low-temperature tap of the cable line is connected to a power source.

The main disadvantage of the known cable line is the low operational reliability due to insulation insulation at the junction of the conductive conductors of low-temperature and high-temperature taps. As a result - no

continuity of insulation along the length of the cable line, which leads to fluid and gas from the environment in the cavity between the insulation and the conductive core, accompanied by mechanical destruction of the insulation, violation of its dielectric properties, electrochemical rosium of conductive wires, breakdown of insulation between liquids and premature cable line from system.

In addition, the steep cross-section of the cable does not allow its dense arrival to the heating surface. As a result, uneven heating of the surface, namely, in areas where the cable snug against the surface is ensured, it overheats with respect to the installation, there is no tight fit of the cable. Overheating of the cable in some areas leads to softening of the insulation and, ultimately, to the failure of the cable line.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the operational reliability (pt {of the cable line, composed of low-temperature and high-temperature crates, by ensuring continuity of insulation along the entire length of the cable line.

An additional goal is to ensure reliable sealing of the multi-wire core in the process of applying insulation.

An additional goal is to ensure a snug fit of the cable line to the heating surface.

Another goal is to ensure that the cable line is oriented relative to the heating surface.

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The delivered ones are completely achieved by the fact that in the well-known cable line consisting of low-temperature and high-temperature taps with different resistivities connected by Mexqw, each of which consists of insulated conductive cores in a common forming shell, on which a lining for armor and armor, cores of each of the taps is laid connected in pairs, met (the connection of conductors is made one-piece, an insulating heat-resistant jacket is laid over the joints of the pair of wires of the second pair of cores, then the general forming insulating sheath, lining and armor, new is that the insulating heat-resistant sheath on each core, the general insulating form-forming sheath, the lining and armor are laid on the pairwise conductive wires of each branch and the junction of the wires is continuous along the entire length of the cable line. only the wires of the high-temperature branch are multi-wire, with a gap between; wires defined by the expression:

A (R-h :) G-- 4 arc sin, L

 - n2 (R + r}

where n is the number of wires more than two symmetrically located relative to the central wire;

L - Bemi4HHa of the gap between the wires on the circumference1 {,

passing through ceshers of wires covering the central wire;

R is the radius of the central wire;

g is the radius of the wires covering the central wire.

At least only the high-temperature branch of the cable line is made flat, while the flat surfaces are convex-concave, the centers of the cross-section of conductive wires

are located on the same arc with constant curvature and are offset to the sides of the concave surface.

At least a high-temperature tap is made to the planar centers of the cross-sectional conductive wafers located on one straight line parallel to the flat surfaces, and shifted to one of the planes.

Ng of the outer surface of the armor of one of the planes is removed to a greater distance from the centers of the cross-sections of the conductive conductors, recesses (marks) are made.

Due to the current, that the insulated heat-resistant sheath for each pair of wires, the general form-forming sheath, the armor cushion and the armor are uninterrupted along the entire length of the cable line to the pair-wired conductors of low-temperature and high-temperature taps and to the place of their connection, the opportunity to form cables a line with homogeneous dielectric and insulating properties both along the length of the cable line and along its cross section, as well as with a single geometry of the forming insulating sheath ak along the length of the cable line, and in its cross-section, with uniform mechanical properties pads and armor.

Due to the fact that, at least, the high-temperature branch cones are multi-wire, with the proposed clearance between the wires at the circumference passing through the centers of the wires covering the central wire, this wire is reliably insulated during insulation application.

Due to the fact that at least the high-temperature branch of the cable line is made flat rather than round, appeared

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OPPORTUNITY is a reliable fit of the hot outlet to the heating surface.

For a more tight fit of the BbicoKoxeMnepaiypHoro tap to the heated surface, the flat surfaces of the cable line are convex-concave, while approaching the centers of the conductive core cross-sections to the heating surface allows you to bring the heat source closer and focus to the heated surface.

Due to the fact that the recesses are made on the outer surface of the armor of one of the planes remote to a greater distance from the centers of the sections of the conductive conductors, an exceptional opportunity has arisen in all cases to lay the high-temperature elbow in such a way that the conductive conductors will always be closest to the heating surface and thereby heat source on the heating surface.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by dash), where figure 1 shows a cable line, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a section AA of FIG. 1; figure 3.4 is a form of execution of a high-temperature tap of the cable line.

The cable line consists of low temperature 1 and high temperature 2 taps and places 3 of their connections. Each branch consists of insulated conductive cores 4 and 5, while the cores have different resistivity, for example, cores 4 are made of multi-wire steel, and 5 cores are copper. Cores 4 and 5 are interconnected in pairs by means of, for example, welding, due to which place 3 of their connection is made integral.

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On KasKjiyto, a pair of conductive wires 4 and 5 of both taps 1 and 2 and a place 3 of their permanent connection are laid with a heat-resistant insulating sheath 6 made of a heat-resistant composition, for example, of a cable composition of a block copolymer of propylene with ethylene resistant to exposed copper ions. On top of the sheath 6, a shape-forming insulating sheath 7 is made common to all the wires of the cable line, made of low density polshtilen of high density grade.

The forming shell 7 allows you to perform bends in which the flat surfaces are made with stitches (Fig. 3) or flat (Fig. 4), and the centers of the cross-sections of the conductive wires 4 are located on one straight line (an arc of one radius) and shifted to the plane adjacent to the heating surface 8.

On top of the shell 7, a sub-type 9 is laid, for example, a non-woven fabric, for technical purposes, in one layer, compressing the substrate under the next protective layer - armor 10, made, for example, from galvanized steel tape of the subgroup Apr I.

On the outer surface of the metal armor 10, on the retreat plane remote to a greater distance from the heating surface 8, recesses 11 are made (Fig. 2), making it easy to orient the cables of the gy line with respect to the heating surface 8.

The veins of the high-temperature tap can be multi-wire, consisting of n wires 12, in this case. The wires are located symmetrically with respect to the central wire with a gap A between them along a circle passing through the centers of the wires surrounding the central wire.

D (Cch.). 4 "szsh ,, TdeK is the radius of the central wire;

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I is the radius of the outer wires covering the central wire.

when operating a cable line in a well, the cable line is oriented so that the centers of the cross-sections of the conductive conductors are adjacent to the tubing pipes with a concave surface. The free lower ends of the high-temperature taps 2 of the cable line connect the memes to one common point. Low-temperature taps 1 of the cable line are connected to a power source, and the cable line is attached with clamps to the outer surface of the KKT.

Tests of a cable line composed of three steel cores with a cross section of a core of 7 mm at a phase current of 1ph 32.5 A. showed that the temperature of the steel core was P5 ° C and the armor temperature 66 ° C, which prevents the formation of paraffin in the well.

Tests showed high operational reliability of the cable line, the duration of operation was 200 days. Head PermNIPInefg Patent and Licensing Sector on May 12, 1998

/ L-, // T.A. Yushkina

Claims (5)

1. A cable line consisting of interconnected low-temperature and high-temperature taps with different resistivities, each of which consists of insulated conductive conductors in a common form-forming sheath, on which a pillow is placed under armor and armor, the cores of each of the taps are connected in pairs, the connection point the cores are made integral, on top of the joints of each pair of cores an insulating heat-resistant shell is laid, then the general forming insulating shell, a pillow and armor, characterized in that an insulating heat-resistant sheath for each core, a general insulating shape-forming sheath, a pillow and armor are laid on the pairwise conductive wires of each of the branches and the junction of the wires is continuous along the entire length of the cable line. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the cores of the high-temperature tap are multi-wire, with a gap between the wires defined by the expression

where n is the number of wires of more than two symmetrically located relative to the Central wire;
Δ is the size of the gap between the wires on a circle passing through the centers of the wires spanning the central wire;
R is the radius of the central wire;
r is the radius of the wires spanning the center wire.  3. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the high-temperature branch is made flat, while the flat surfaces are convex-concave, the centers of the conductive conductors are located on the same arc with a constant radius of curvature and are shifted toward the concave surface.  4. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the high-temperature branch is made flat, the centers of the cross-sections of the conductive conductors are located on one straight line parallel to the flat surfaces, and are shifted to one of the planes. 5. The line according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the recesses are made on the outer surface of the armor of one of the planes, remote at a greater distance from the centers of the sections of the conductive conductors.