RU10865U1 - GAS RETURN MECHANISM OF SELF-LOADED WEAPONS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Gas return mechanism of a self-loading weapon, containing a gas chamber communicating with the bore of the barrel, a piston associated with the bolt, characterized in that at least part of the piston covers the barrel with the formation between their respective inner and outer surfaces of the gas chamber. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston mounted on the barrel is made protruding beyond the muzzle of the barrel with an extension at the output end directed from the muzzle of the barrel. 3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that at the output end of the piston a narrowing is made.

Description

Gas return mechanism of self-loading weapons

The proposal relates to the field of automatic small arms, namely, to the locking mechanisms of such weapons.

Known automatic small arms, the action of which is provided by the energy of the powder gases discharged from the barrel. This weapon has a bolt frame (bolt) with a gas piston. The gas chamber where the piston is located is fixed on the barrel parallel to it. This weapon is described, for example, in patent RU 2009455 C1, F 41 A 3/00, 03.15.94 (1), patent RU 2067739 C1, F 41 A 3/66, 3/72, 10.10.96 (2). In the process of firing part of the powder gases from the bore of the barrel enters the gas chamber and acts on the piston, which is connected through the rod to the valve and accelerates it. For all the perfection of such a scheme of the vent mechanism, such a weapon has a significant drawback, namely that the gas chamber makes the weapon heavier, and since it is usually located above the barrel, the dimensions of the weapon increase.

From the patent RU 2046265 C1, F 41 A 5/18, 05.06.92 (3), a gas-return mechanism of automatic weapons with

IPC 6: F 41 A 3/00 F 41 A 5/18

the removal of gases from the muzzle of the barrel. On the barrel at the muzzle end P1 there is a coupling connected by a gas pipe to the gas mechanism where the piston is located. This mechanism solves the problem of increasing its survivability, however, the mechanism is bulky, heavy, which increases the mass of all weapons.

A known mechanism for unlocking and locking the barrel using a magnet. See, for example, patent RU 2080539 C1, F 41 A Z / Zb, 05.27.97 (4), application FR 2637972 A1, F 41 A 3/26, 19/61, 19/64 (5). The shutter box is equipped with a magnet installed in its rear part, the permanent magnet is made with a central hole, the shutter with a shank placed in this hole, and a screen pressed against the magnet. When fired, the bullet moves forward along the bore, and the sleeve backwards and pushes the shutter, the screen comes off the magnet, the shutter compresses the return spring. After that, the spring unclenches, drives the shutter forward, the screen is pressed against the magnet, and the barrel is locked.

The disadvantage of this mechanism is the possibility of its use mainly in low-power weapons.

In small arms (see patent RU 2094729 C1, F 41 A 5/00, 10.27.97 (6), the gas return mechanism has a rod (pusher), on the front end of which a cylinder with longitudinal conical holes is fixed. The cylinder covers the support on the barrel near the muzzle When fired, the bullet passes along the barrel at the attachment point of the conical support, the support expands, which discards

the cylinder with the rod back, and since the rod is connected with the valve, it is also thrown back. The disadvantage of this mechanism is the complexity of manufacturing and the lack of efficiency of the shutter.

The closest solution, adopted as a prototype to the proposal, is a gas-return mechanism of self-loading weapons, containing a gas chamber in communication with the barrel, a piston associated with the shutter. This mechanism is known from patent RU 2077011 C1, F 41 A 3/00, 04/10/97 (7).

A disadvantage of the known gas-return mechanism is its bulkiness, complexity and insufficient efficiency of its work. Misalignment of the mechanism.

The problem solved by the proposal is to reduce the mass of the mechanism, dimensions and increase the efficiency of its work.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the gas-return mechanism of a self-loading weapon containing a gas chamber communicating with the barrel, a piston connected to the bolt, while at least part of the piston covers the barrel with the formation of a gas chamber between their respective inner and outer surfaces.

In addition, the piston mounted on the barrel can be made protruding beyond the muzzle section of the barrel with the extension at the output end, directed from the muzzle section of the barrel.

The piston can be executed with a narrowing at the output end, directed towards the muzzle of the barrel.

The proposal is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a gas-return mechanism, general view, Fig. 2 shows a gas-return mechanism with a piston having expansion at the output end, and Fig. 3 - a gas-return mechanism with a piston having a narrowing at the output end.

The gas-return mechanism of self-loading weapons has a gas chamber 1, which is in communication with the bore 2, a piston 3, connected with a shutter (not shown). The piston 3 covers the barrel 2 and is mounted on it with the possibility of relative movement. The gas chamber 1 is made in the piston 3.

The gap between the sliding surface A of the piston 3 and the barrel 2 is much smaller than between the surface B of the gas chamber 1 and the barrel 2.

At the output end of the piston 3 on its inner surface, an extension 4 is made, directed from the muzzle section 5 of the barrel 2 (Fig. 2). Piston 3 stands for muzzle 5 of barrel 2.

At the output end of the piston 3, an extension 6 is made on its inner surface, directed towards the muzzle section 5 of the barrel 2 (FIG. 3).

The work of the mechanism is carried out as follows; in its image.

After the shot, part of the powder gases through the vent holes in the barrel 2 fall into the gas chamber 1 and presses on the wall of the piston 3, which starts

move around the barrel and move the shutter (or bolt frame) by unlocking any known bolt engagement mechanism (not shown), or first unlock any known bolt engagement mechanism with the barrel and move the bolt or its frame. With further movement of the shutter, the spent sleeve is removed from the chamber and the weapon is reloaded in the usual way.

In the case when the piston 3 is mounted on the barrel 2, protruding beyond the muzzle section 5 of the barrel 2 (Fig. 2) after firing, part of the powder gases, leaving the bore, presses on the expansion wall 4 which can be of any shape and pushes the piston 3 back, which carries the shutter with it.

When narrowing 6 is performed on the piston 3 (Fig. H), after the shot, part of the powder gases is retained in the gas chamber 1, since the gap between the barrel and the narrowing is smaller than between the cylindrical surface of the gas chamber 1 and the barrel 2.

Due to this, it is possible to adjust the recoil force, ballistic characteristics of the bullet and lower the flame of the powder charge leaving the gas chamber.

The shutter returns to its original position in the usual manner known per se.

Using the considered gas-return mechanism significantly increases the reliability of its operation, as eliminates distortions, jamming of the mechanism, the dimensions of the weapon and its mass are reduced.

Claims (3)

1. Gas return mechanism of a self-loading weapon, containing a gas chamber communicating with the bore of the barrel, a piston associated with the bolt, characterized in that at least part of the piston covers the barrel with the formation between their respective inner and outer surfaces of the gas chamber.  2. The mechanism according to p. 1, characterized in that the piston mounted on the barrel is made protruding beyond the muzzle of the barrel with the extension at the output end, directed from the muzzle of the barrel. 3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that at the output end of the piston is made narrowing.